Devices and methods related to diode switch control
Embodiments of the invention relate to a circuit assembly for biasing a PIN diode, wherein a DC biasing voltage is obtained by extracting power from a radio-frequency transmission path. The circuit assembly comprises a PIN diode, an input node configured to receive a radio-frequency input voltage, a rectifying circuit configured to receive the radio-frequency input voltage from the input node and generate a rectified voltage, and a smoothing circuit configured to receive the rectified voltage from the rectifying circuit and generate a DC voltage. The output of the smoothing circuit forms the input to the PIN diode to reverse-bias the diode. Related methods, radio-frequency switching circuits and radio-frequency modules are also provided.
1. A radio-frequency switching circuit comprising:
an antenna port, a transmit port, and a receive port;
a PIN-diode based switch comprising a first PIN-diode and a second PIN-diode, the PIN-diode based switch being configured to selectively connect the antenna port to one of the receive port through the first PIN-diode and the transmit port through the second PIN-diode; and
diode bias control circuitry coupled to the first PIN diode and the second PIN diode of the PIN-diode based switch, the diode bias control circuitry including an input node coupled to the transmit port through the second PIN-diode, a rectifying circuit configured to receive a radio-frequency input voltage from the input node and generate a rectified voltage, and a smoothing circuit including a first connection and a second connection different than the first connection, the smoothing circuit being configured to receive the rectified voltage from the rectifying circuit through the first connection and generate a DC voltage and output the DC voltage to a cathode of the first PIN-diode through the second connection.
2. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 1 wherein the rectifying circuit includes a diode connected to the input node.
3. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 2 wherein the smoothing circuit includes a capacitor.
4. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 3 wherein the smoothing circuit further includes a resistor and an inductor connected to the capacitor.
5. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 1 wherein the DC voltage matches the peak voltage of the radio-frequency input voltage.
6. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 1 wherein the first PIN-diode and the second PIN-diode are arranged between the receive port and the transmit port.
7. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 1 wherein the radio-frequency switching circuit further comprises:
a first shunt PIN-diode coupled to the receive port and a reference node; and
a second shunt PIN-diode coupled to the transmit port and the reference node.
8. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 1 further comprising:
second diode bias control circuitry coupled to the first PIN-diode and the second PIN-diode of the PIN-diode based switch, the second diode bias control circuitry including a second input node coupled to the receive port through the first PIN-diode, a second rectifying circuit configured to receive a second radio-frequency input voltage from the second input node and generate a second rectified voltage, and a second smoothing circuit configured to receive the second rectified voltage from the second rectifying circuit and generate a second DC voltage and output the second DC voltage to a cathode of the second PIN-diode.
9. The radio-frequency switching circuit of claim 2 wherein the diode has a lower turn-on voltage than the first PIN-diode.
10. A radio-frequency module comprising:
an antenna;
a transceiver in communication with the antenna, the transceiver including a transmitter path and a receiver path; and
a transmit/receive (T/R) switch implemented between the antenna and the transceiver, the T/R switch being configured to selectively connect the antenna to one of the transmitter path and the receiver path of the transceiver, the T/R switch including a first PIN-diode and a second PIN-diode and at least one diode bias control circuit associated with the first PIN-diode and the second PIN-diode;
the at least one diode bias control circuit having an input node coupled to the transmitter path through the second PIN-diode, a rectifying circuit configured to receive a radio-frequency input voltage from the input node and generate a rectified voltage, and a smoothing circuit including a first connection and a second connection different than the first connection, the smoothing circuit being configured to receive the rectified voltage from the rectifying circuit through the first connection and generate a DC voltage and output the DC voltage to a cathode of the first PIN-diode through the second connection.
11. The radio-frequency module of claim 10 wherein the rectifying circuit includes a diode connected to the input node.
12. The radio-frequency module of claim 11 wherein the smoothing circuit includes a capacitor.
13. The radio-frequency module of claim 12 wherein the smoothing circuit further includes a resistor and an inductor connected to the capacitor.
14. The radio-frequency module of claim 11 wherein the diode has a lower turn-on voltage than the first PIN-diode.
15. The radio-frequency module of claim 10 wherein the DC voltage matches the peak voltage of the radio-frequency input voltage.
16. The radio-frequency module of claim 10 wherein the first PIN-diode and the second PIN-diode are arranged between the receiver path and the transmitter path.
17. The radio-frequency module of claim 10 , wherein the radio-frequency module is implemented as a base station.
18. The radio-frequency module of claim 10 wherein the radio-frequency module is implemented as a 5GE or 5G infrastructure module.
19. The radio-frequency module of claim 10 wherein the transceiver further comprises:
a first shunt PIN-diode coupled to the receive path and a reference node, and
a second shunt PIN-diode coupled to the transmit path and the reference node.
20. The radio-frequency module of claim 10 further comprising:
second diode bias control circuitry coupled to the first PIN-diode and the second PIN-diode of the PIN-diode based switch, the second diode bias control circuitry including a second input node coupled to the receive path through the first PIN-diode, a second rectifying circuit configured to receive a second radio-frequency input voltage from the second input node and generate a second rectified voltage, and a second smoothing circuit configured to receive the second rectified voltage from the second rectifying circuit and generate a second DC voltage and output the second DC voltage to a cathode of the second PIN-diode.