Dendrimer compositions and methods for drug delivery to the eye
Dendrimer compositions and methods for the treatment of one or more inflammatory and/or angiogenic diseases and/or disorders of the eye include hydroxyl-terminated dendrimers complexed or conjugated with one or more active agents for the treatment or alleviation of one or more symptoms of the diseases of the eye, and/or for diagnosing the diseases and/or disorders of the eye. The dendrimers may include one or more ethylene diamine-core poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) hydroxyl-terminated generation-4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 dendrimers. The active agents may be VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors including sunitinib or analogues thereof. Preferably, the compositions are suitable for administration via a systemic route to target activated microglia/macrophages in retina/choroid.
1. A method of treating a disease or disorder of the eye in a subject in need thereof, the method comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition comprising a dendrimer conjugated to one or more receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors,
wherein the dendrimer comprises a plurality of terminal hydroxyl groups and at least one terminal group forming an ether bond between the dendrimer and a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor conjugated thereto.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor is a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the VEGFR inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of sunitinib, dasatinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, vandetanib, axitinib, cediranib, vatalanib, nintedanib, motesanib, and analogues thereof.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the VEGFR inhibitor is sunitinib or N,N-didesethyl sunitinib.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dendrimer is conjugated to the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor through a linker attached to the at least one terminal group.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the linker comprises polyethylene glycol.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein an amide bond is formed between the linker and the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the linker-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor comprises a structure of the following formula:
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors are at a concentration of between about 5% and about 20% by weight of the conjugated dendrimer.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors are conjugated to less than 20% of all terminal groups on the dendrimer.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dendrimer is a generation 4, generation 5, or generation 6 poly(amidoamine) dendrimer.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered to the subject systemically.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered to the subject intravenously, subcutaneously, or orally.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease or disorder of the eye is an inflammatory or angiogenic disease of the eye.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease or disorder of the eye is selected from the group consisting of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa, optic neuritis, uveitis, retinal detachment, temporal arteritis, retinal ischemia, arteriosclerotic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, retinal artery blockage, retinal vein blockage, diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, retinal neovascularization, and choroidal neovascularization.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the disease or disorder of the eye is wet AMD.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the disease or disorder of the eye is associated with activated microglia, activated macrophages, and/or retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in the eye.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the composition is in an amount effective to target activated microglia, activated macrophages, and/or RPE cells in the eye.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the composition is in an amount effective to reduce the number and/or activity of activated microglia and/or activated macrophages in the eye.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the disease or disorder of the eye is diabetic macular edema.