Optical system
An optical system with an optical axis includes a display for displaying an image, an eyepiece for viewing the image, the eyepiece including a lens. The display is configured such that a marginal ray light beam emanates from an edge of the display and propagates to the lens in a light incidence direction. The display is arranged first along the optical axis in the light incidence direction, followed by the lens arranged on the optical axis. No further optical unit of the optical system is arranged between the lens and a pupil of the eye. The marginal ray light beam has a chief ray. The chief ray propagates at a first chief ray height at the lens and at a second chief ray height at the display. The first chief ray height is at least level with the second chief ray height.
1 . An optical system, comprising:
an optical axis;
a display configured to display an image, the display being arranged on the optical axis and having an edge, the edge delimiting the display;
an eyepiece configured to view the image, the eyepiece including a lens; and
at least one intermediate image,
wherein:
the edge of the display is configured such that a marginal ray light beam emanates from the edge of the display and propagates to the lens in a light incidence direction, the marginal ray light beam having a chief ray,
the display is arranged first along the optical axis in the light incidence direction, followed by the lens unit arranged on the optical axis,
no further optical unit of the optical system is arranged between the lens and a pupil of the eye,
the optical system is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a first chief ray height at the lens, the first chief ray height being a first distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the lens,
the display is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a second chief ray height at the display, the second chief ray height being a second distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the display,
the eyepiece includes a first lens group and a second lens group,
as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens group is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens group,
the at least one intermediate image is arranged between the first lens group and the second lens group,
the first lens group includes a first lens and a second lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens, the first lens having a bi-aspheric form and the second lens being in the form of a meniscus lens,
the second lens group includes a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, and an eighth lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the third lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the fourth lens, then the fifth lens, then the sixth lens, then the seventh lens, and then the eighth lens, the third lens being in the form of a meniscus lens, the fourth lens having a bi-aspheric form, and the seventh lens and the eighth lens forming a cemented member, and
the optical system has one of the following features:
(i) the first chief ray height is at least level with the second chief ray height, and
(ii) the first chief ray height has a larger value than the second chief ray height.
2 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following features is present:
(i) the first distance is the length of a first straight line which is aligned perpendicular to the optical axis and connects a first point on the optical axis to a second point on the chief ray at the lens unit, and
(ii) the second distance is the length of a second straight line which is aligned perpendicular to the optical axis and connects a third point on the optical axis to a fourth point on the chief ray at the display.
3 . The optical system as claimed in claim 2 , wherein at least one of the following features is present:
(i) the lens has a first surface and a second surface, the first surface of the lens being arranged on a first side of the lens facing away from the display, the second surface of the lens being arranged on a second side of the lens facing the display, a first plane being arranged on the first surface of the lens, and the first straight line being located in the first plane, and
(ii) the display has a surface, the surface of the display being arranged on a side of the display facing the lens, a second plane being arranged on the surface of the display, and the second straight line being located in the second plane.
4 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least two identical lenses which have an aspheric form.
5 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
the optical system includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens,
the first lens is arranged first along the optical axis as seen counter to the light incidence direction, followed by the second lens, then the third lens, then the fourth lens, then the fifth lens, and then the sixth lens,
the first lens has positive refractive power,
the second lens has negative refractive power,
the third lens has positive refractive power,
the fourth lens has positive refractive power,
the fifth lens has positive refractive power, and
the sixth lens has negative refractive power.
6 . The optical system as claimed in claim 5 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the optical system includes at least one cemented member,
(ii) the first lens has a surface directed at the pupil of the eye, and the surface has an aspheric form, and
(iii) the sixth lens has a surface directed at the display, and the surface has an aspheric form.
7 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
(i) a first concave lens surface and a second concave lens surface, the at least one intermediate image being arranged between the first concave lens surface and the second concave lens surface;
(ii) a first meniscus-shaped lens with a first concave lens surface and a second meniscus-shaped lens with a second concave lens surface, the at least one intermediate image being arranged between the first concave lens surface and the second concave lens surface; and
(iii) a first meniscus-shaped cemented member with a first concave lens surface and a second meniscus-shaped cemented member with a second concave lens surface, and a pupil being arranged between the first concave lens surface and the second concave lens surface.
8 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein exactly one lens is arranged between the pupil of the eye of the user and the at least one intermediate image.
9 . The optical system as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the exactly one lens has a bi-aspheric form.
10 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a third lens group, and
wherein as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens group is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens group and then the third lens group.
11 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first lens group includes the lens.
12 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the first lens group includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens, then the third lens, and then the fourth lens, the first lens having positive refractive power, the second lens having positive refractive power, the third lens having positive refractive power, and the fourth lens having negative refractive power,
(ii) the second lens group includes a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, an eighth lens, a ninth lens, a tenth lens, an eleventh lens, and a twelfth lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the fifth lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the sixth lens, then the seventh lens, then the eighth lens, then the ninth lens, then the tenth lens, then the eleventh lens, and then the twelfth lens, the fifth lens having positive refractive power, the sixth lens having positive refractive power, the seventh lens having negative refractive power, the eighth lens having negative refractive power, the ninth lens having positive refractive power, the tenth lens having positive refractive power, the eleventh lens having positive refractive power, and the twelfth lens having negative refractive power.
13 . The optical system as claimed in claim 12 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the second lens group includes at least one meniscus-shaped cemented member,
(ii) the second lens group includes at least one meniscus-shaped cemented member including a crown lens and a flint lens,
(iii) the second lens group includes at least one meniscus-shaped cemented member having a concave side, the concave side being directed at a pupil arranged in the optical system,
(iv) the eighth lens of the second lens group and the ninth lens of the second lens group form a first meniscus-shaped cemented member,
(v) the eleventh lens of the second lens group and the twelfth lens of the second lens group form a second meniscus-shaped cemented member, and
(vi) the seventh lens of the second lens group is in the form of a meniscus lens.
14 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the first lens group includes a first lens and a second lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens, the first lens having positive refractive power and the second lens having negative refractive power, and
(ii) the second lens group includes a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the third lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the fourth lens, then the fifth lens, then the sixth lens, and then the seventh lens, the third lens having negative refractive power, the fourth lens having positive refractive power, the fifth lens having negative refractive power, the sixth lens having positive refractive power, and the seventh lens having positive refractive power.
15 . The optical system as claimed in claim 14 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the first lens has a bi-aspheric form,
(ii) the second lens is in a form of a meniscus lens,
(iii) the third lens is in the form of the meniscus lens,
(iv) the fourth lens has the bi-aspheric form, and
(v) the fifth lens and the sixth lens form a cemented member.
16 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the first lens has positive refractive power and the second lens has negative refractive power,
(ii) the first lens has positive refractive power and the second lens has positive refractive power,
(iii) the third lens has positive refractive power, the fourth lens has positive refractive power, the fifth lens has negative refractive power, the sixth lens has positive refractive power, the seventh lens has negative refractive power, and the eighth lens has positive refractive power, and
(iv) the third lens has positive refractive power, the fourth lens has positive refractive power, the fifth lens has negative refractive power, the sixth lens has positive refractive power, the seventh lens has positive refractive power, and the eighth lens has negative refractive power.
17 . An optical system, comprising:
an optical axis;
a display configured to display an image, the display being arranged on the optical axis and having an edge, the edge delimiting the display;
an eyepiece configured to view the image, the eyepiece including a lens with a first lens group and a second lens group; and
at least one intermediate image arranged between the first lens group and the second lens group,
wherein:
as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens group is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens group,
the edge of the display is configured such that a marginal ray light beam emanates from the edge of the display and propagates to the lens in a light incidence direction, the marginal ray light beam having a chief ray,
the display is arranged first along the optical axis in the light incidence direction, followed by the lens unit arranged on the optical axis,
the display is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a second chief ray height at the display, the second chief ray height being a second distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the display,
no further optical unit of the optical system is arranged between the lens and a pupil of the eye,
the first lens group includes a single lens in the form of a first lens, the first lens having positive refractive power,
the second lens group includes a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the second lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the third lens, then the fourth lens, then the fifth lens, and then the sixth lens, the second lens having positive refractive power, the third lens having negative refractive power, the fourth lens having positive refractive power, the fifth lens having positive refractive power, and the sixth lens having negative refractive power,
the optical system is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a first chief ray height at the lens, the first chief ray height being a first distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the lens, and
the optical system has one of the following features:
(i) the first chief ray height is at least level with the second chief ray height, and
(ii) the first chief ray height has a larger value than the second chief ray height.
18 . The optical system as claimed in claim 17 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the first lens has a bi-aspheric form,
(ii) the second lens has the bi-aspheric form,
(iii) the third lens is in a form of a meniscus lens, and
(iv) the fifth lens and the sixth lens form a cemented member.
19 . An optical system, comprising:
an optical axis;
a display configured to display an image, the display being arranged on the optical axis and having an edge, the edge delimiting the display;
an eyepiece configured to view the image, the eyepiece including a lens with a first lens group and a second lens group; and
at least one intermediate image arranged between the first lens group and the second lens group,
wherein:
as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens group is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens group,
the edge of the display is configured such that a marginal ray light beam emanates from the edge of the display and propagates to the lens in a light incidence direction, the marginal ray light beam having a chief ray,
the display is arranged first along the optical axis in the light incidence direction, followed by the lens unit arranged on the optical axis,
the display is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a second chief ray height at the display, the second chief ray height being a second distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the display,
no further optical unit of the optical system is arranged between the lens and a pupil of the eye,
the first lens group includes a single lens in the form of a first lens, the first lens having positive refractive power,
the second lens group includes a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the second lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the third lens, and then the fourth lens, the second lens having positive refractive power, the third lens having positive refractive power, and the fourth lens having negative refractive power,
the optical system is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a first chief ray height at the lens, the first chief ray height being a first distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the lens, and
the optical system has one of the following features:
(i) the first chief ray height is at least level with the second chief ray height, and
(ii) the first chief ray height has a larger value than the second chief ray height.
20 . The optical system as claimed in claim 19 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the first lens has a bi-aspheric form,
(ii) the second lens has the bi-aspheric form, and
(iii) the third lens has the bi-aspheric form.
21 . An optical system, comprising:
an optical axis;
a display configured to display an image, the display being arranged on the optical axis and having an edge, the edge delimiting the display;
an eyepiece configured to view the image, the eyepiece including a lens with a first lens group and a second lens group; and
at least one intermediate image arranged between the first lens group and the second lens group,
wherein:
as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the first lens group is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the second lens group,
the edge of the display is configured such that a marginal ray light beam emanates from the edge of the display and propagates to the lens in a light incidence direction, the marginal ray light beam having a chief ray,
the display is arranged first along the optical axis in the light incidence direction, followed by the lens unit arranged on the optical axis,
the display is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a second chief ray height at the display, the second chief ray height being a second distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the display,
no further optical unit of the optical system is arranged between the lens and a pupil of the eye,
the first lens group includes a single lens in the form of a first lens, the first lens having positive refractive power,
the second lens group includes a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the second lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the third lens, then the fourth lens, then the fifth lens, and then the sixth lens, the second lens having positive refractive power, the third lens having negative refractive power, the fourth lens having negative refractive power, the fifth lens having positive refractive power, and the sixth lens having positive refractive power, the optical system is configured such that the chief ray propagates at a first chief ray height at the lens, the first chief ray height being a first distance between the optical axis and the chief ray at the lens, and
the optical system has one of the following features:
(i) the first chief ray height is at least level with the second chief ray height, and
(ii) the first chief ray height has a larger value than the second chief ray height.
22 . The optical system as claimed in claim 21 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the first lens has a bi-aspheric form,
(ii) the second lens has the bi-aspheric form,
(iii) the sixth lens has an aspheric form, and
(iv) the fourth lens and the fifth lens form a cemented member.
23 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
(i) the first lens group includes a single lens in the form of a first lens, the first lens having positive refractive power,
(ii) the second lens group includes a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens, wherein, as seen counter to the light incidence direction, the second lens is arranged first along the optical axis, followed by the third lens, then the fourth lens, then the fifth lens, then the sixth lens, and then the seventh lens, the second lens having positive refractive power, the third lens having negative refractive power, the fourth lens having negative refractive power, the fifth lens having positive refractive power, the sixth lens having positive refractive power, and the seventh lens having positive refractive power.
24 . The optical system as claimed in claim 23 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) the first lens has a bi-aspheric form,
(ii) the second lens has the bi-aspheric form, and
(iii) the fourth lens and the fifth lens form a cemented member.
25 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optical system is a dioptric system.
26 . The optical system as claimed in claim 1 , having at least one of the following features:
(i) a distance from the pupil of the eye to the lens unit is larger than one focal length of the optical system,
(ii) a distance from the pupil of the eye to the lens unit is at least 1.25 times larger than one focal length of the optical system,
(iii) a distance from the pupil of the eye to the lens unit is at least 1.5 times larger than one focal length of the optical system, and
(iv) a distance from the pupil of the eye to the lens unit is 1.7 times larger than one focal length of the optical system.