Selective oxide-forming alloy, coating formed from and machine component including same
A selective oxide-forming alloy, a coating formed from, and a machine component including the coating are provided. The selective oxide-forming alloy includes between atomic percent and 26 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 21 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 30 atomic percent and 39 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 2 atomic percent and 10 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
1. An alloy comprising:
between 20 atomic percent and 26 atomic percent silicon (Si);
between 21 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti);
between 32 atomic percent and 39 atomic percent aluminum (Al);
between 5 atomic percent and 10 atomic percent hafnium (Hf); and
a balance of niobium (Nb).
2. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises between 20 atomic percent and 24 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 23 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 32 atomic percent and 37 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 5 atomic percent and 7 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
3. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises between 20 atomic percent and 24 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 21 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 32 atomic percent and 39 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 5 atomic percent and 7 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
4. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises between 22 atomic percent and 24 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 23 atomic percent and 25 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 35 atomic percent and 37 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 5 atomic percent and 7 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
5. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the alloy comprises about 23 atomic percent silicon (Si), about 24 atomic percent titanium (Ti), about 36 atomic percent aluminum (Al), about 5 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
6. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the alloy forms a substantially continuous aluminum oxide layer across a surface of the alloy when the alloy is exposed to an oxidation environment at 1200° C. or higher.
7. The alloy of claim 1 , wherein the alloy has a microstructure including a (Nb, Ti)Al 3 phase and a (Nb, Ti, Hf) 5 Si 4 phase.
8. The alloy of claim 7 , wherein the (Nb, Ti)Al 3 phase includes:
between 6 atomic percent and 12 atomic percent niobium (Nb);
between 1 atomic percent and 5 atomic percent silicon (Si);
between 10 atomic percent and 16 atomic percent titanium (Ti);
between 71 atomic percent and 77 atomic percent aluminum (Al); and
about 1 atomic percent hafnium (Hf).
9. The alloy of claim 7 , wherein the (Nb, Ti, Hf) 5 Si 4 phase includes:
between 13 atomic percent and 19 atomic percent niobium (Nb);
between 42 atomic percent and 48 atomic percent silicon (Si);
between 19 atomic percent and 25 atomic percent titanium (Ti);
between 1 atomic percent and 3 atomic percent aluminum (Al); and
between 12 atomic percent and 18 atomic percent hafnium (Hf).
10. A coating composition comprising:
an alloy including:
between 20 atomic percent and 26 atomic percent silicon (Si);
between 21 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti);
between 32 atomic percent and 39 atomic percent aluminum (Al);
between 5 atomic percent and 10 atomic percent hafnium (Hf); and
a balance of niobium (Nb).
11. The coating composition of claim 10 , wherein the alloy comprises between 20 atomic percent and 24 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 23 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 32 atomic percent and 37 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 5 atomic percent and 7 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
12. The coating composition of claim 10 , wherein the alloy comprises between 20 atomic percent and 24 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 21 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 32 atomic percent and 39 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 5 atomic percent and 7 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
13. The coating composition of claim 10 , wherein the coating includes a substantially continuous aluminum oxide layer across a surface of the alloy when being exposed to a temperature of 1200° C. or higher.
14. The coating composition of claim 10 , wherein the alloy has a microstructure including a (Nb, Ti)Al 3 phase and a (Nb, Ti, Hf) 5 Si 4 phase.
15. A machine component comprising:
a substrate having a coating thereon, the coating including an alloy that includes:
between 20 atomic percent and 26 atomic percent silicon (Si);
between 21 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti);
between 32 atomic percent and 39 atomic percent aluminum (Al);
between 5 atomic percent and 10 atomic percent hafnium (Hf); and
a balance of niobium (Nb).
16. The machine component of claim 15 , wherein the alloy comprises between 20 atomic percent and 24 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 23 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 32 atomic percent and 37 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 5 atomic percent and 7 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
17. The machine component of claim 15 , wherein the alloy comprises between 20 atomic percent and 24 atomic percent silicon (Si), between 21 atomic percent and 27 atomic percent titanium (Ti), between 32 atomic percent and 39 atomic percent aluminum (Al), between 5 atomic percent and 7 atomic percent hafnium (Hf), and a balance of niobium (Nb).
18. The machine component of claim 15 , wherein the substrate includes a niobium-based alloy.
19. The machine component of claim 15 , wherein the machine component is a turbine component.
20. The machine component of claim 19 , wherein the turbine component is a component of a turbine selected from the group consisting of land-based turbines, marine turbines, aeronautical turbines, and power generation turbines.