Detachable balloon embolization device and methods
A balloon embolization apparatus, system and method include a detachable balloon device mounted to the distal end of a catheter or microcatheter. The balloon device includes an elongated cannula having first and second axial lumens defined in the cannula, one lumen which allows for travel over a wire, an inflatable balloon disposed on the cannula, and a valve sleeve disposed between the balloon and the cannula. An inflation port on the cannula allows fluid to be introduced to the balloon via a channel in the catheter. The valve sleeve includes a vent offset from the inflation port in the cannula. The valve sleeve allows the introduced fluid to inflate the balloon, but prevents the fluid from escaping, thereby forming a check valve. Once inflated, the catheter is detached from the balloon apparatus. When the catheter is withdrawn, the balloon remains in place to allow for embolization.
1 . A balloon embolization apparatus, comprising:
a cannula comprising an inflation lumen;
an inflation port defined in a sidewall of the cannula, wherein the inflation port is in fluid communication with the inflation lumen;
a balloon disposed on the cannula; and
a valve sleeve disposed between the balloon and the cannula, the valve sleeve defining a vent in fluid communication with the balloon,
wherein the vent forms a hole on the valve sleeve that is angularly and axially offset relative to the inflation port,
wherein the valve sleeve fits tightly against the cannula over the inflation port when the balloon is inflated, and
wherein the valve sleeve presses against the cannula forming a seal over the inflation port in response to a positive pressure within the inflated balloon.
2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first marker band disposed around the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula at a first end of the cannula; and
a second marker band disposed around the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula at a second end of the cannula opposite the first end.
3 . The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first marker band and the second marker band each form a gas-tight seal between the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula.
4 . The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first marker band and the second marker band each form a gas-tight seal between the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula.
5 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the balloon comprises an endothelial wall inflammation-enhancing material coating.
6 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:
the cannula further includes a deflation lumen; and
the apparatus further includes a deflation port defined in the sidewall of the cannula and in fluid communication with the deflation lumen.
7 . The apparatus of claim 6 , further comprising a wire disposed in the deflation lumen,
wherein the wire includes a preformed bend disposed proximate the deflation port, and
wherein the preformed bend of the wire is configured to engage the valve sleeve in response to a transformation event.
8 . The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the wire comprises a nickel titanium wire, and wherein the transformation event includes heating the wire to a predetermined temperature.
9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a guidewire,
wherein the cannula further comprises a guide wire lumen, and
wherein the guidewire extends through the guide wire lumen.
10 . A balloon embolization apparatus, comprising:
a cannula comprising a deflation lumen and an inflation lumen;
an inflation port defined in a sidewall of the cannula, wherein the inflation port is in fluid communication with the inflation lumen;
a deflation port defined in the sidewall of the cannula, wherein the deflation port is in fluid communication with the deflation lumen;
a wire disposed in the deflation lumen;
a balloon disposed on the cannula; and
a valve sleeve disposed between the balloon and the cannula, the valve sleeve defining a vent in fluid communication with the balloon,
wherein the vent forms a hole on the valve sleeve that is angularly and axially offset relative to the inflation port,
wherein the valve sleeve fits tightly against the cannula over the inflation port when the balloon is inflated, and
wherein the valve sleeve presses against the cannula forming a seal over the inflation port in response to a positive pressure within the inflated balloon.
11 . The apparatus of claim 10 , further comprising:
a first marker band disposed around the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula at a first end of the cannula; and
a second marker band disposed around the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula at a second end of the cannula opposite the first end.
12 . The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the first marker band and the second marker band each form a gas-tight seal between the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula.
13 . The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the first marker band and the second marker band each further include a device visible under fluoroscopy.
14 . The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein:
the wire includes a preformed bend disposed proximate the deflation port; and
the preformed bend of the wire is configured to engage the valve sleeve in response to a transformation event.
15 . The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the wire comprises a nickel titanium wire.
16 . The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the transformation event includes heating the wire to a predetermined temperature.
17 . A balloon embolization apparatus, comprising:
a cannula comprising an inflation lumen;
an inflation port defined in a sidewall of the cannula, wherein the inflation port is in fluid communication with the inflation lumen;
a balloon disposed on the cannula; and
a valve sleeve disposed between the balloon and the cannula, the valve sleeve defining a vent in fluid communication with the balloon,
wherein the vent forms a hole on the valve sleeve that is angularly and axially offset relative to the inflation port,
wherein the vent is axially offset relative to the inflation port by an axial distance relative to a center axis of the cannula,
wherein the valve sleeve includes a silicone embedded seal valve disposed over the inflation port, and
wherein the valve sleeve fits tightly against the cannula over the inflation port, sealing the balloon when the balloon is inflated.
18 . The apparatus of claim 17 , further comprising:
a first marker band disposed around the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula at a first end of the cannula; and
a second marker band disposed around the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula at a second end of the cannula opposite the first end.
19 . The apparatus of claim 18 , wherein the first marker band and the second marker band each form a gas-tight seal between the balloon, the valve sleeve, and the cannula.
20 . The apparatus of claim 17 , wherein the cannula further includes a deflation lumen, the apparatus further comprising:
a deflation port defined in the sidewall of the cannula and in fluid communication with the deflation lumen; and
a wire disposed in the deflation lumen, wherein the wire includes a preformed bend disposed proximate the deflation port.