System, method and apparatus for non-mechanical optical and photonic beam steering
An example system includes a high-side electrode layer having a first number of electrical members alternated with, and electrically coupled to adjacent ones of a second number of electrical members, where either the first number of electrical members or the second number of electrical members are discrete electrodes, and the other one of the first or second number of electrical members are resistors. Accordingly, the high-side electrode layer is formed from alternating discrete electrodes and resistors. The example system further includes a low-side electrode layer, and an electro-optic (EO) layer having an EO active material at least partially positioned between the high-side electrode layer and the low-side electrode layer, thereby forming a number of active cells of the EO layer.
1. A system, comprising:
a polarization birefringence grating (PBG) interposed between an electromagnetic (EM) source and a first volume hologram;
the first volume hologram interposed between the PBG and a second volume hologram;
the second volume hologram interposed between the first volume hologram and a continuous steering element;
wherein the continuous steering element comprises:
a high-side electrode layer comprising:
a first plurality of electrical members alternated with, and electrically coupled to adjacent ones of a second plurality of electrical members;
wherein one of the first plurality of electrical members or the second plurality of electrical members comprises a plurality of discrete electrodes; and
wherein the other one of the first plurality of electrical members or the second plurality of electrical members comprises a plurality of resistors;
a low-side electrode layer; and
an electro-optic (EO) layer comprising an EO active material at least partially interposed between the high-side electrode layer and the low-side electrode layer, thereby forming a plurality of active cells of the EO layer;
wherein the PBG is responsive to a polarization of an incident beam from the EM source to selectively steer the incident beam to one of a first selected angle or a second selected angle;
wherein the first volume hologram is responsive to the first selected angle of the incident beam to increase a steered angle of the incident beam in a direction of the first selected angle; and
wherein the second volume hologram is responsive to the second selected angle of the incident beam to increase the steered angle in a direction of the second selected angle.
2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a controller, comprising:
a steering request circuit structured to interpret a steering request value;
a steering configuration circuit structured to determine a plurality of EO command values in response to the steering request value, and wherein the plurality of EO command values correspond to a half-wave voltage profile; and
a steering implementation circuit structured to provide a plurality of voltage commands in response to the plurality of EO command values.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the half-wave voltage profile comprises:
a first voltage value for a last electrode of a first phase delay progression, the last electrode comprising one of the plurality of discrete electrodes;
a second voltage value for a first electrode of a second phase delay progression, the first electrode comprising one of the plurality of discrete electrodes; and
wherein the first voltage value and the second voltage value have opposite signs.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first voltage value and the second voltage value have equal magnitudes.
5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first voltage value and the second voltage value have magnitudes that differ by a voltage difference corresponding to an nπ phase delay, wherein n comprises an integer value between 1 and 4, inclusive.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the low-side electrode layer comprises a second plurality of discrete electrodes.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the low-side electrode layer comprises a continuous electrode.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the low-side electrode layer comprises a reflective layer.
9. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a convex lens portion optically coupled to the continuous steering element on a first side of the continuous steering element; and
a concave lens portion optically coupled to the continuous steering element on a second side of the continuous steering element.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein the thin beam steering device and the associated fishtail booster comprise a combined steering capability of greater than 25 degrees.
11. The system of claim 9 , wherein the system comprises a final steering capability of greater than 30 degrees.
12. The system of claim 9 , wherein the system comprises a final steering capability of greater than 45 degrees.
13. The system of claim 9 , wherein the system comprises a final steering capability of between 45 degrees and 60 degrees, inclusive.
14. The system of claim 9 , wherein the system comprises a final steering capability of greater than 60 degrees.
15. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a steering controller, comprising:
a steering request circuit structured to interpret a steering request value;
a steering configuration circuit structured to determine a plurality of electro-optical command values in response to the steering request value; and
wherein the continuous steering element is responsive to the plurality of EO command values to provide a corresponding phase delay progression across the continuous steering element.
16. The system of claim 15 , further comprising:
wherein the steering configuration circuit is further structured to determine a polarization orientation in response to the steering request value; and
a selectively polarized electromagnetic source structured to provide the incident beam to the PBG at a selected one of a first polarization corresponding to the first selected angle, or a second polarization corresponding to the second selected angle, and wherein the selectively polarized electromagnetic source is responsive to the polarization orientation.