Ion focusing
The invention generally relates to apparatuses for focusing ions at or above ambient pressure and methods of use thereof. In certain embodiments, the invention provides an apparatus for focusing ions that includes an electrode having a cavity, at least one inlet within the electrode configured to operatively couple with an ionization source, such that discharge generated by the ionization source is injected into the cavity of the electrode, and an outlet. The cavity in the electrode is shaped such that upon application of voltage to the electrode, ions within the cavity are focused and directed to the outlet, which is positioned such that a proximal end of the outlet receives the focused ions and a distal end of the outlet is open to ambient pressure.
1. A method for collecting molecules, the apparatus comprising,
providing an apparatus comprising: an electrode comprising a cavity, an inlet, and an outlet;
injecting a discharge from an ionization source into the cavity via the inlet in the cavity, wherein the cavity in the electrode is shaped such that upon application of voltage to the electrode, ions within the cavity are focused and directed to the outlet, which is positioned such that a proximal end of the outlet receives the focused ions and a distal end of the outlet is open to ambient pressure; and
collecting ionized molecules on a moving stage operably associated with the outlet that receives the focused ions.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the interior of the cavity comprises an ellipsoidal shape.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the cavity is pressurized.
4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the outlet is connected to the electrode.
5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the outlet is spaced from the electrode.
6. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the outlet is grounded.
7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a gas inlet.
8. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of ring electrodes positioned within an interior portion of the cavity such that they are aligned with the outlet, wherein the electrodes are arranged in order of decreasing inner diameter with respect to the outlet.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the collected molecules generate crystalline material.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the collected molecules are subsequently analyzed.