Edible compositions including fungal mycelium protein
An edible meat substitute product includes a fibrous mycelium mass in a range of 10 wt % to 100 wt %. The fibrous mycelium mass has a protein content greater than 40 wt % of a dry mass of the fibrous mycelium mass. The edible meat substitute product includes a water content in a range of 0 w % to 90 wt %.
1. A method of producing a food product from mycelium, the method comprising:
growing fungal cells in a vessel comprising growth medium comprising one or more sugars such that the fungal cells produce mycelium;
separating the mycelium from the growth medium;
concentrating the mycelium to obtain a fibrous mycelium mass; and
producing the food product from the fibrous mycelium mass,
wherein the growing of the fungal cells consumes substantially all of the one or more sugars in the growth medium, and
wherein the fungal cells are from the species Neurospora crassa.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth medium comprises one or more sugars selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, dextrose, sucrose, maltose, maltotriose, and maltodextrin.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth medium comprises one or more sugars selected from the group consisting of fructose, dextrose, sucrose, maltose, maltotriose, and maltodextrin.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growing of the fungal cells reduces chemical oxygen demand in the growth medium.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growing of the fungal cells reduces total nitrogen in the growth medium.
6. A method of producing a food product from mycelium, the method comprising:
growing fungal cells in a vessel comprising growth medium comprising one or more sugars and comprising suspended solids such that the fungal cells produce mycelium;
separating the mycelium from the growth medium;
concentrating the mycelium to obtain a fibrous mycelium mass; and
producing the food product from the fibrous mycelium mass,
wherein the growing of the fungal cells reduces total suspended solids in the growth medium, and
wherein the fungal cells are from the species Neurospora crassa.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the food product is a meat substitute product.
8. A method of producing a food product from mycelium, the method comprising:
growing fungal cells in a vessel comprising growth medium comprising one or more sugars such that the fungal cells produce mycelium;
separating the mycelium from the growth medium;
concentrating the mycelium to obtain a fibrous mycelium mass; and
producing the food product from the fibrous mycelium mass,
wherein the growing of the fungal cells reduces total nitrogen in the growth medium by at least 80%, and
wherein the fungal cells are from the species Neurospora crassa.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the food product is a meat substitute product.
10. A method of producing a food product from mycelium, the method comprising:
growing fungal cells in a vessel comprising growth medium comprising one or more sugars such that the fungal cells produce mycelium;
separating the mycelium from the growth medium;
concentrating the mycelium to obtain a fibrous mycelium mass; and
producing the food product from the fibrous mycelium mass,
wherein the fungal cells are from the species Neurospora crassa.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the growth medium comprises spent grain and/or potato processing byproducts.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the growth medium comprises one or more magnesium-containing components, phosphorous-containing components, sulfur-containing components, potassium-containing components, calcium-containing components, manganese-containing components, iron-containing components, copper-containing components, and zinc-containing components.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the growth medium further comprises spent grain and/or potato processing byproducts.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the growth medium further comprises spent grain and wherein a yield of mycelium is greater than a yield of mycelium produced from fungal cells grown in a growth medium comprising one or more magnesium-containing components, phosphorous-containing components, sulfur-containing components, potassium-containing components, calcium-containing components, manganese-containing components, iron-containing components, copper-containing components, and zinc-containing components and not comprising spent grain.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein concentrating the mycelium comprises dewatering the mycelium by applying a mechanical force to the mycelium.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein concentrating the mycelium comprises dehydrating the mycelium.
17. The method of claim 10 , wherein separating the mycelium from the growth medium provides mycelium having a moisture content from 65% to 95%.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the growth medium comprises:
5-50 g/L sugar;
0.1-5 g/L of a phosphate-containing compound; and
0.5-10 g/L of a nitrogen-containing compound.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the growth medium comprises:
10-30 g/L sucrose or glucose;
2.0-5.0 g/L KH 2 PO 4 ;
0.5-2.0 g/L NH 4 NO 3 ;
0.2 g/L magnesium sulfate; and
biotin.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the growth medium comprises:
15 g/L sucrose or glucose;
5.0 g/L KH 2 PO 4 ;
2.0 g/L NH 4 NO 3 ;
0.2 g/L magnesium sulfate; and
biotin.
21. The method of claim 10 , wherein the food product comprises:
the fibrous mycelium mass in a range of 10 wt % to 100 wt %; and
a water content in a range of 0 wt % to 90 wt %.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the food product comprises:
the fibrous mycelium mass in an amount of greater than or equal to 90 wt %; and
a water content less than or equal to 10 wt %.
23. The method of claim 10 , further comprising shaping the fibrous mycelium mass into patties, nuggets, tenders, strips, or fillets.
24. The method of claim 10 , further comprising drying the fibrous mycelium mass, grinding the dried fibrous mycelium mass to a powder, and using the powder as a protein ingredient in human or animal feed.
25. The method of claim 10 , wherein the fibrous mycelium mass has a protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) of 1.
26. The method of claim 10 , wherein the fibrous mycelium mass has a protein content of greater than 40 wt % of a dry mass of the fibrous mycelium mass.
27. The method of claim 10 , wherein the food product is a meat substitute product.