Integrated nitrogen liquefier for a nitrogen and argon producing cryogenic air separation unit
A nitrogen liquefier configured to be integrated with an argon and nitrogen producing cryogenic air separation unit and method of nitrogen liquefaction are provided. The integrated nitrogen liquefier and associated methods may be operated in at least three distinct modes including: (i) a nil liquid nitrogen mode; (ii) a low liquid nitrogen mode; and (iii) a high liquid nitrogen mode. The present systems and methods are further characterized in an oxygen enriched stream from the lower pressure column of the air separation unit is an oxygen enriched condensing medium used in the argon condenser.
1. A nitrogen liquefier configured to be integrated with an argon and nitrogen producing cryogenic air separation unit, the nitrogen liquefier comprising:
a gaseous nitrogen product stream produced from the cryogenic air separation unit and a gaseous nitrogen feed stream comprising between 1% and 10% of the gaseous nitrogen product stream by volume;
a nitrogen feed compressor configured to receive the gaseous nitrogen feed stream via a flow control valve disposed upstream of the nitrogen feed compressor and compress the gaseous nitrogen feed stream;
a nitrogen recycle compressor configured to receive the compressed gaseous nitrogen feed stream from the nitrogen feed compressor or receive the gaseous nitrogen feed stream via a bypass valve and further compress the received stream to produce a further compressed warm nitrogen stream;
a warm booster compressor disposed downstream of the nitrogen recycle compressor and configured to still further compress a first portion of the further compressed warm nitrogen stream to produce a further compressed nitrogen stream;
a cold booster compressor configured to still further compress the further compressed nitrogen stream to produce a primary nitrogen liquefaction stream;
a booster loaded warm turbine operatively coupled to the warm booster compressor and configured to expand a second portion of the further compressed warm nitrogen stream to produce a recycle stream;
a booster loaded cold turbine operatively coupled to the cold booster compressor and configured to expand a recycle portion of the primary nitrogen liquefaction stream and produce a cold recycle stream;
a heat exchanger configured to cool the primary nitrogen liquefaction stream via indirect heat exchange with the recycle stream and cold recycle stream to produce a liquid nitrogen product stream;
wherein the recycle stream and cold recycle stream are recycled back to the nitrogen recycle compressor after exiting the heat exchanger;
wherein the nitrogen liquefier is configured to operate in a nil liquid nitrogen mode wherein the flow control valve and the bypass valve are oriented in a closed position such that no portion of the gaseous nitrogen product stream is diverted to the nitrogen liquefier and no liquid nitrogen product stream is produced in the nitrogen liquefier;
wherein the nitrogen liquefier is configured to operate in a low liquid nitrogen mode wherein the flow control valve is oriented in a closed position and the bypass valve is oriented in an open position such that a portion of the gaseous nitrogen product stream is diverted as the gaseous nitrogen feed stream to the nitrogen recycle compressor and bypasses the nitrogen feed compressor; and
wherein the nitrogen liquefier is configured to operate in a high liquid nitrogen mode wherein the flow control valve is oriented in an open position and the bypass valve is oriented in a closed position such that a portion of the gaseous nitrogen product stream is diverted as the gaseous nitrogen feed stream to the nitrogen feed compressor.
2. The nitrogen liquefier of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is further configured to partially cool the second portion of the further compressed warm nitrogen stream and partially cool the recycle portion of the primary nitrogen liquefaction stream.
3. The nitrogen liquefier of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the gaseous nitrogen product stream that is diverted to the nitrogen recycle compressor portion is between 1% and 5% of the gaseous nitrogen product stream, by volumetric flow.
4. The nitrogen liquefier of claim 1 , wherein the portion of the gaseous nitrogen product stream that is diverted to the nitrogen feed compressor portion is between 5% and 10% of the gaseous nitrogen product stream, by volumetric flow.