Image sensor amplifiers with reduced inter-circulation currents
An image sensor may include an array of image sensor pixels. The array of image sensor pixels may be controlled by row driver circuitry. The row driver circuitry may include row drivers that receive power supply signals from transconductance amplifier circuitry. The transconductance amplifier circuitry may include multiple amplifiers with output ports shorted to one another. Each amplifier may include input transistors, cross-coupled transistors with a low threshold voltage, and additional transistors coupled in series with the cross-coupled transistors and having a moderate or high threshold voltage.
1. Circuitry comprising:
a first amplifier and a second amplifier, each of which comprises:
a first transistor having a gate terminal configured as a first input port,
a second transistor having a gate terminal configured as a second input port,
a third transistor coupled in series with the first transistor,
a fourth transistor coupled in series with the second transistor and cross-coupled with the third transistor, and
a fifth transistor coupled in series with the third transistor and having a gate terminal coupled to a node between the first and third transistors;
a first circuit having a power supply terminal coupled to an output of the first amplifier, wherein the first input port of the first amplifier is shorted to the output of the first amplifier; and
a second circuit having a power supply terminal coupled to an output of the second amplifier and shorted to the output of the first amplifier.
2. The circuitry of claim 1 , wherein:
the third transistor has a gate terminal coupled to a source-drain terminal of the fourth transistor; and
the fourth transistor has a gate terminal coupled to a source-drain terminal of the third transistor.
3. The circuitry of claim 1 , wherein
the first input port of the second amplifier is shorted to the output of the second amplifier.
4. The circuitry of claim 1 , wherein:
the first and second transistors comprise transistors of a first channel type; and
the third and fourth transistors comprise transistors of a second channel type different than the first channel type.
5. The circuitry of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second amplifiers further comprises:
a sixth transistor coupled in series with the fourth transistor and having a gate terminal coupled to a node between the second and fourth transistors, the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors having a same channel type.
6. The circuitry of claim 5 , wherein:
the third and fourth transistors have a first threshold voltage; and
the fifth and sixth transistors have a second threshold voltage different then the first threshold voltage.
7. The circuitry of claim 6 , wherein the first threshold voltage of the third and fourth transistors is less than the second threshold voltage of the fifth and sixth transistors.
8. The circuitry of claim 5 , wherein:
the first and second transistors comprise p-type transistors; and
third, fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors comprise n-type transistors.
9. The circuitry of claim 5 wherein:
the first and second transistors comprise n-type transistors; and
third, fourth, fifth, and sixth transistors comprise p-type transistors.
10. Circuitry comprising:
a plurality of amplifiers, each of which comprises:
a first transistor having a gate terminal, a first source-drain terminal, and a second source-drain terminal,
a second transistor having a gate terminal, a first source-drain terminal coupled to the first source-drain terminal of the first transistor, and a second source-drain terminal,
a third transistor having a gate terminal coupled to the second source-drain terminal of the second transistor, a first source-drain terminal coupled to the second source-drain terminal of the first transistor, and a second source-drain terminal coupled to a power supply line,
a fourth transistor having a gate terminal coupled to the first source-drain terminal of the third transistor, a first source-drain terminal coupled to the second source-drain terminal of the second transistor, and a second source-drain terminal coupled to the power supply line, and
a fifth transistor having a gate terminal coupled to the first source-drain terminal of the third transistor, a first source-drain terminal coupled to the second source-drain terminal of the third transistor, and a second source-drain terminal coupled to the power supply line, wherein the third transistor has a first threshold voltage and wherein the fifth transistor has a second threshold voltage different then the first threshold voltage.
11. The circuitry of claim 10 , wherein the gate terminal of the second transistor in each of the plurality of amplifiers is configured to receive a reference voltage.
12. The circuitry of claim 10 , wherein:
each amplifier in the plurality of amplifiers has an output port; and
the gate terminal of the first transistor in each amplifier in the plurality of amplifiers is coupled to the output port of that amplifier.
13. The circuitry of claim 12 , wherein the output port of each amplifier in the plurality of amplifiers is coupled to a common positive power supply terminal.
14. The circuitry of claim 10 , wherein at least one amplifier in the plurality of amplifiers further comprises:
a sixth transistor having a gate terminal coupled to the first source-drain terminal of the fourth transistor, a first source-drain terminal coupled to the second source-drain terminal of the fourth transistor, and a second source-drain terminal coupled to the power supply line.
15. The circuitry of claim 14 , wherein:
the fourth transistor of the at least one amplifier has the first threshold voltage; and
the sixth transistor of the at least one amplifier has the second threshold voltage different then the first threshold voltage.
16. Circuitry comprising:
a plurality of amplifiers, at least one of which comprises:
first and second input transistors,
a third transistor coupled in series with the first input transistor,
a fourth transistor coupled in series with the second input transistor and cross-coupled with the third transistor,
a fifth transistor coupled in series with the third transistor, and
a sixth transistor coupled in series with the fourth transistor, wherein
the third and fourth transistors have a first threshold voltage, and
the fifth and sixth transistors have a second threshold voltage different than the first threshold voltage.
17. The circuitry of claim 16 , wherein the second input transistor has a gate terminal configured to receive a reference voltage.
18. The circuitry of claim 16 , wherein the first input transistor has a gate terminal configured to receive a power supply voltage.
19. The circuitry of claim 16 , wherein the first threshold voltage is less than the second threshold voltage.
20. The circuitry of claim 1 , wherein:
the first circuit is configured to drive a first plurality of image sensor pixels; and
the second circuit is configured to drive a second plurality of image sensor pixels.