Pixel circuit outputting time difference data and image data, and operating method thereof

1. A pixel circuit, comprising:

a photodiode, configured to generate light energy;

a storage capacitor, having a first end and a second end;

an image circuit, connected to the first end of the storage capacitor, and configured to output image data associated with the light energy generated in a first interval by the photodiode; and

a difference circuit, connected to the second end of the storage capacitor, and configured to output time difference data associated with a variation of the light energy generated between the first interval and a second interval by the photodiode;

a first comparator, connected to the image circuit, and configured to output image data; and

a second comparator, connected to the difference circuit, and configured to output time difference data or a state-change signal.

2. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein

the first comparator and the second comparator are shared by the image circuit with other pixel circuits,

wherein said other pixel circuits are multiple pixel circuits at a same column of a pixel array as the pixel circuit.

3. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 2 , wherein

the first comparator is configured to compare a voltage at the first end of the storage capacitor with a ramp signal to generate the image data, and

the second comparator is configured to compare a voltage at the second end of the storage capacitor with a ramp signal to generate the time difference data.

4. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the second comparator is configured to sequentially compare a voltage at the second end of the storage capacitor with an upper threshold voltage and a lower threshold voltage to generate the state-change signal.

5. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the image circuit is configured not to output the image data when the second comparator does not generate the state-change signal.

6. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the second end of the storage capacitor is not reset before a next exposure interval when the second comparator does not generate the state-change signal.

7. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the first end of the storage capacitor is still reset when the second comparator does not generate the state-change signal.

8. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the first end of the storage capacitor is reset only when the second comparator generates the state-change signal.

9. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the image circuit comprises:

a first output transistor, connected between the first end of the storage capacitor and a first readout line;

a transfer transistor, connected between the photodiode and the first end of the storage capacitor, and

a first reset transistor, having a source connected between the transfer transistor and the first end of the storage capacitor.

10. The pixel circuit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the difference circuit comprises:

a second output transistor, connected between the second end of the storage capacitor and a second readout line;

a second reset transistor, having a source connected between the second end of the storage capacitor and the second output transistor; and

a row selection transistor, cascaded with the second reset transistor.

11. An operating method of the pixel circuit as claimed in claim 1 , the operating method comprising:

transferring a signal voltage, associated with the light energy generated in the first interval by the photodiode, to the first end of the storage capacitor;

resetting the second end of the storage capacitor to a reset voltage and holding the signal voltage at the first end of the storage capacitor in a resetting interval;

transferring a variation voltage, associated with the light energy generated in the second interval by the photodiode, to the first end of the storage capacitor to be added to the signal voltage to form the image data and coupled to the reset voltage to form the time difference data;

outputting a state-change signal via the second comparator to read the image data via the first comparator upon the time difference data exceeding a predetermined voltage range; and

not outputting the state-change signal and not reading the image data upon the time difference data not exceeding the predetermined voltage range.

12. The operating method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the image circuit is not reset between the first interval and the second interval.

13. The operating method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein upon the time difference data not exceeding the predetermined voltage range, the operating method further comprises:

transferring another variation voltage, associated with the light energy generated in a third interval by the photodiode, to the first end of the storage capacitor to be accumulated to the image data to form new image data and coupled to the time difference data to form new time difference data.

14. The operating method as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the image circuit and the difference circuit are not reset between the second interval and the third interval.

15. The operating method as claimed in claim 13 , further comprising:

sequentially resetting a second node connected to the second end of the storage capacitor and a first node connected to the first end of the storage capacitor after the image data is read.

16. The operating method as claimed in claim 11 , wherein upon the time difference data not exceeding the voltage range, the operating method further comprises:

performing a new round of the transferring a signal voltage, the resetting the second end of the storage capacitor and the transferring a variation voltage.

17. The operating method as claimed in claim 16 , further comprising:

resetting a second node connected to the second end of the storage capacitor after the image data is read.

18. The operating method as claimed in claim 11 , further comprising:

resetting a second node connected to the second end of the storage capacitor after the time difference data is read.