In-situ reactive curing and infiltration in binder jet additive manufacturing
A method of binder jet additive manufacturing (BJAM) is provided. The method includes feeding a supply of powder particles to a powder bed, delivering an organic binder onto the powder bed in select locations of each layer to form a porous green part, and introducing to the binder a secondary component that chemically reacts with the binder to form a solid polymer matrix around the powder particles. The secondary component is introduced either by: (i) infiltration of the secondary component into the porous green part; or (ii) by combining the secondary component with the powder particles prior to feeding the powder particles to the powder bed. A binder system for BJAM is also provided. The binder system includes a reactive pair including an organic binder that is capable of being deposited on a powder bed; and a secondary component that is reactive with the organic binder.
1 . A method of binder jet additive manufacturing, the method comprising:
feeding a supply of powder particles to a powder bed layer-by-layer with a leveling roller;
delivering a binder onto the powder bed in select locations of each layer to bind the layers of powder together and to thereby form a porous green part, wherein the binder is an organic material; and
introducing to the binder a secondary component that chemically reacts with the binder to form a solid polymer matrix around the powder particles;
wherein the secondary component is introduced either by: (i) infiltration of the secondary component into the porous green part; or (ii) by combining the secondary component with the powder particles prior to feeding the powder particles to the powder bed;
wherein the organic binder and the secondary component together are a group of either:
(i) a Michael donor and a Michael acceptor, wherein the Michael donor is one of polyethyleneimine (PEI), glutathione, dithiothreitol, trithiothreitol, 1,2-propanedithiol, 1,2-benzenedithiol, trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), pentaerythriotol (3-mercaptopropionate), trimethylamine, ethylenediamine, dimethylethylenediamine, cadaverine, 1,2-diaminopropane, phenylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, and triethylenetetramine, and wherein the Michael acceptor is one of ethylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), hexanediol diacrylate, ethyl cyanoacrylate (ECA), pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETeA), pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), and tris[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl] isocyanurate; or
(ii) an epoxy resin and a nucleophile that is polyethyleneimine (PEI).
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of combining the secondary component with the powder particles includes either: (i) mixing the secondary component with the powder particles; or (ii) coating of the secondary component on the powder particles.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the binder is present in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt. % to 90 wt. % relative to the powder particles.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a saturation of the powder bed with the binder is in the range of 5% to 140%.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the secondary component constitutes 1 to 50 volume % of the green part.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the binder is delivered by drop-on-demand inkjetting.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the drop-on-demand inkjetting is one of piezoelectric inkjetting or thermal inkjetting.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic binder and the secondary component are monomers, polymers, or a mix of both.