IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,247,596
Granted Patent B2
US 12,247,596 · App. 18/231,633 · Granted Mar 11, 2025

Use of treating elements to facilitate flow in vessels

Inventors: John N. Glover (Houston, TX); Peter Gregory Ham (Houston, TX); Austin Schneider (Humble, TX)
Assignee: CRYSTAPHASE PRODUCTS, INC.
F15D1/00B01J8/04B01J8/0453B01J19/30B01J2208/00672B01J2208/0084B01J2208/00938B01J2208/025B01J2208/027B01J2219/30207B01J2219/30211B01J2219/30215B01J2219/30219B01J2219/30296B01J2219/30416B01J2219/30475B01J2219/30483B01J2219/315
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,247,596
App. No.
18/231,633
Granted
Mar 11, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

A method for facilitating the distribution of the flow of one or more streams within a bed vessel is provided. Disposed within the bed vessel are internal materials and structures including multiple operating zones. One type of operating zone can be a processing zone composed of one or more beds of solid processing material. Another type of operating zone can be a treating zone. Treating zones can facilitate the distribution of the one or more streams fed to processing zones. The distribution can facilitate contact between the feed streams and the processing materials contained in the processing zones.

Claims (37)

1. A method of improving flow distribution of one or more streams in a process vessel comprising:

passing the one or more streams through an upstream processing zone and a downstream processing zone within the process vessel, the upstream processing zone and downstream processing zone each containing one or more beds of processing materials; and

passing the one or more streams through a redistribution treating zone located between the upstream processing zone and downstream processing zone, wherein the redistribution treating zone contains treating elements and wherein the redistribution treating zone mitigates stream channeling of the streams exiting the upstream processing zone and affects lateral redistribution of the flow of the one or more streams within the downstream processing zone,

wherein stream flow redistribution is facilitated by contacting the one or more streams with the external and internal surfaces of the treating elements,

and wherein the internal geometries of the treating elements comprise surface areas formed by openings, asperities and a plurality of interconnected internal fluid flow pathways.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the redistribution treating zone is directly adjacent to the upstream processing zone such that certain of the processing materials from the upstream processing zone are capable of migrating into the redistribution treating zone to create a combo-zone having both processing zone functionality and treating zone functionality.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the redistribution treating zone is directly adjacent to the upstream processing zone and a permeable membrane is disposed between the redistribution treating zone and the upstream processing zone such that the processing materials from the upstream processing zone cannot migrate into the redistribution treating zone but the stream flow may pass through the membrane.

4. The method of claim 2 , wherein there is no physical equipment disposed in the vessel between the upstream processing zone and the downstream redistribution treating zone.

5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the processing materials migrate to a depth of a few inches into the layer of treating elements contained in the redistribution treating zone.

6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the processing materials occupy at least 20% of the volume of that portion of the layer of treating elements contained in the redistribution treating zone into which the processing materials have migrated.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the redistribution treating zone has a depth of one foot or less.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the redistribution treating zone has a depth of two feet or less.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the redistribution treating zone has a depth of four feet or less.

10. The method of claim 2 , wherein the redistribution treating zone contains a plurality of treating elements.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the treating elements are individual treating elements.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the individual treating elements are form fitted to the interior dimensions of the bed vessel.

13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the treating elements are randomly-packed treating elements.

14. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements are ceramic reticulates.

15. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have a quasi ellipsoid shape.

16. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have a triaxial ellipsoid shape.

17. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have an oblate spheroid shape.

18. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have a prolate spheroid shape.

19. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have a briquette shape.

20. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have an asymmetrical spheroid shape.

21. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have an aspherical ellipsoid shape.

22. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have at least one opening formed therein.

23. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have at least one opening formed therethrough.

24. The method of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the treating elements have one or more asperities formed on the surfaces thereof.

25. The method of claim 24 , wherein asperities comprise one or more of flutes, fins, struts, filaments, spikes or hairs.

26. A method of improving the flow distribution of one or more streams in a process vessel, the process vessel having at least two processing zones containing beds of solid processing materials disposed therein, the method comprising:

disposing at least one redistribution treating zone between the processing zones, the redistribution treating zone containing a plurality of treating elements operable to mitigate stream channeling and to redistribute the flow of streams thru the redistribution treating zone, wherein the processing materials are commingling with the treating elements in the redistribution treating zone to form a combo-zone with both processing materials and treating elements,

wherein stream flow redistribution is facilitated by contacting the one or more streams with the external and internal surfaces of the treating elements,

and wherein the internal geometries of the treating elements comprise surface areas formed by openings, asperities and a plurality of interconnected internal fluid flow pathways.

27. A method of improving the flow distribution of one or more streams in a process vessel, the process vessel having at least two processing zones containing beds of solid processing materials disposed therein, the method comprising:

disposing at least one redistribution treating zone between the processing zones, the redistribution treating zone containing a plurality of treating elements operable to mitigate stream channeling and to redistribute the flow of streams thru the redistribution treating zone, wherein the processing materials in the processing zone disposed upstream of the redistribution treating zone are capable of migrating into the redistribution treating zone and commingling with the treating elements s in the redistribution treating zone to form a combo-zone with both processing materials and treating element,

wherein stream flow redistribution is facilitated by contacting the one or more streams with the external and internal surfaces of the treating elements,

and wherein the internal geometries of the treating elements comprise surface areas formed by openings, asperities and a plurality of interconnected internal fluid flow pathways.

Assignments (1)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Aug 8, 2023
From: SCHNEIDER, AUSTIN; HAM, PETER GREGORY; GLOVER, JOHN N.
To: CRYSTAPHASE PRODUCTS, INC.
Reel/Frame 064527/0327 →
Continuity (11)
Continuation 17509248 · Oct 25, 2021
Continuation 17062371 · Oct 2, 2020
Continuation 16746394 · Jan 17, 2020
Continuation 16379266 · Apr 9, 2019
Continuation 16105781 · Aug 20, 2018
Continuation 15720751 · Sep 29, 2017
Continuation 15676603 · Aug 14, 2017
Continuation 15265405 · Sep 14, 2016
Provisional Application 62314069 · Mar 28, 2016
Provisional Application 62294768 · Feb 12, 2016
Related Publication 20230407892A1 · Dec 21, 2023
References Cited (400)
US 436414A · Graham · 1890 [cited by applicant]
US 578548A · Deruelle · 1897 [cited by applicant]
US 598351A · Staub · 1898 [cited by applicant]
US 1947777A · Huff et al. · 1934 [cited by applicant]
US 2000078A · Haseltine · 1935 [cited by applicant]
US 2006078A · Pyzel · 1935 [cited by examiner]
US 2055162A · Friedrich · 1936 [cited by applicant]
US 2153599A · Thomas · 1939 [cited by applicant]
US 2183657A · Page · 1939 [cited by applicant]
US 2198861A · Chamberlain · 1940 [cited by applicant]
US 2212932A · Fairlie · 1940 [cited by applicant]
US 2375336A · Weitkamp · 1945 [cited by applicant]
US 2408164A · Foster · 1946 [cited by applicant]
US 2439021A · Quigg · 1948 [cited by applicant]
US 2546479A · Sodano · 1951 [cited by applicant]
US 2571958A · Slaughter et al. · 1951 [cited by applicant]
US 2739118A · Comte · 1956 [cited by applicant]
US 2793017A · Lake · 1957 [cited by applicant]
US 2819887A · Eversole et al. · 1958 [cited by applicant]
US 2867425A · Teller · 1959 [cited by applicant]
US 2893852A · Montgomery · 1959 [cited by applicant]
US 2919981A · Calva · 1960 [cited by applicant]
US 2985589A · Broughton et al. · 1961 [cited by applicant]
US 3090094A · Schwartzwalder et al. · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3100688A · Dess · 1963 [cited by applicant]
US 3151187A · Comte · 1964 [cited by applicant]
US 3167600A · Worman · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3169839A · Calva · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3171820A · Volz · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3175918A · McGahan · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3208833A · Carson · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3214247A · Broughton · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3219194A · Scwartzwalder · 1965 [cited by applicant]
US 3232589A · Eckert · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3266787A · Eckert · 1966 [cited by applicant]
US 3329271A · Ward · 1967 [cited by applicant]
US 3361839A · Lester · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3410057A · Lerner · 1968 [cited by applicant]
US 3423185A · Ballard et al. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3431082A · Sellin · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3487112A · Paulik et al. · 1969 [cited by applicant]
US 3489529A · Dudych et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3498755A · Borre · 1970 [cited by examiner]
US 3506248A · Starbuck et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3543937A · Choun · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3544457A · Fredrick et al. · 1970 [cited by applicant]
US 3562800A · Carlson · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3563887A · Sommers et al. · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3618910A · Arndt · 1971 [cited by applicant]
US 3635943A · Stewart · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3657864A · Davis, Jr. et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3685971A · Carson · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3706812A · Derosset et al. · 1972 [cited by applicant]
US 3717670A · Schultz · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3732078A · Kassarjian · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3752453A · Doyne · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3758087A · Hoon, Jr. · 1973 [cited by applicant]
US 3787188A · Lyon · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3787189A · Lovell et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3789989A · Carson · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3796657A · Protorius et al. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US D232236S · La Borde · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3823924A · Hoon, Jr. · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3844936A · Newson · 1974 [cited by applicant]
US 3888633A · Grosboll et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3892583A · Winter et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3898180A · Crooks et al. · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3914351A · McKeown · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3924807A · Morgan · 1975 [cited by applicant]
US 3947347A · Mitchell · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3960508A · Bessant et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3962078A · Hirs · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 3992282A · Grosboll et al. · 1976 [cited by applicant]
US 4005985A · Hutson, Jr. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US D243531S · Strigle, Jr. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4029482A · Postma et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US RE29314E · Carlson et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US RE29315E · Carlson et al. · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4033727A · Vautrain · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4041113A · McKeown · 1977 [cited by applicant]
US 4072736A · Fattinger · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4086307A · Glaspie · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4113810A · Ikawa · 1978 [cited by applicant]
US 4149862A · Sewell, Sr. · 1979 [cited by applicant]
US 4188197A · Amberkar et al. · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4197205A · Hirs · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4200532A · Iwatani · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4203935A · Hackenjos · 1980 [cited by applicant]
US 4251239A · Clyde et al. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4275019A · Bednarski · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4285910A · Kennedy, Jr. · 1981 [cited by applicant]
US 4329318A · Le Grouyellec et al. · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4342643A · Kyan · 1982 [cited by applicant]
US 4374020A · Trevino et al. · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4378292A · Haase · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4380529A · Gupta · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4402832A · Gerhold · 1983 [cited by applicant]
US 4425285A · Shimoi · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4443559A · Smith, Jr. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4457849A · Heinze · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4478721A · Gerhold · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4483771A · Koch · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4487727A · Ballato, Jr. · 1984 [cited by applicant]
US 4504396A · Vardi et al. · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4511519A · Hsia · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4519960A · Kitterman · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4522767A · Billet · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4537731A · Billet · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4554114A · Glen · 1985 [cited by applicant]
US 4568595A · Morris · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4569821A · Duperray et al. · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4579647A · Smith · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4581299A · Jager · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4615796A · Kramer · 1986 [cited by applicant]
US 4642089A · Zupkas et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4642397A · Zinnen et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4668442A · Lang · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4669890A · Peyrot · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4681674A · Graven et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4691031A · Suciu et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4708852A · Helbling, Jr. et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4711930A · Hoelderick et al. · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4716066A · Wymann · 1987 [cited by applicant]
US 4719090A · Masaki · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4724593A · Lang · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4726825A · Natale · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4731205A · McNulty · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4775460A · Reno · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4788040A · Campagnolo et al. · 1988 [cited by applicant]
US 4798676A · Matkovich · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4810685A · Twigg et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4830736A · Hung et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4842920A · Banai · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4849569A · Smith, Jr. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4859642A · Hoelderick et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4863606A · Ryall · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4863712A · Twigg et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4880541A · Chiron et al. · 1989 [cited by applicant]
US 4938422A · Koves · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4950834A · Arganbright et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4954251A · Barnes et al. · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4968651A · Crabtree · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4971771A · Stahl · 1990 [cited by applicant]
US 4982022A · Smith, Jr. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 4985211A · Akihama et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5013426A · Dang Vu et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5017542A · Matan et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5043506A · Crossland · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5055627A · Smith, Jr. et al. · 1991 [cited by applicant]
US 5104546A · Filson et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5113015A · Palmer et al. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5118873A · Smith, Jr. · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5122276A · Loikits · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5143700A · Anguil · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US D331793S · Erwes · 1992 [cited by applicant]
US 5177961A · Whittenberger · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5188772A · Yu · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5189001A · Johnson · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US D334970S · Tominaga · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US D334971S · Tominaga · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5202027A · Stuth · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5202097A · Poussin · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5217603A · Inoue et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5217616A · Sanyal · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5229015A · Keep · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5235102A · Palmer et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5243115A · Smith, Jr. et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5248415A · Masuda · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US 5248836A · Bakshi et al. · 1993 [cited by applicant]
US D345410S · Del Prete · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5298226A · Nowobilski · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5304423A · Niknafs et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5326512A · Stillwagon et al. · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5336656A · Campbell · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5368722A · Bartholdy · 1994 [cited by applicant]
US 5384300A · Feeley et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5384302A · Gerdes et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5399535A · Whitman · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5401398A · McManus · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5409375A · Butcher · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5411681A · Seah · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5446223A · Smith, Jr. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5454947A · Olapinski et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5476978A · Smith, Jr. et al. · 1995 [cited by applicant]
US 5510056A · Jacobs et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5512530A · Gerdes et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5523503A · Funk et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5538544A · Nowobilski et al. · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5543088A · Halbirt · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5558029A · Peake · 1996 [cited by applicant]
US 5599363A · Percy · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5624547A · Sudhakar et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US D381394S · Lex, Jr. et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5660715A · Trimble et al. · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5670095A · Southam · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5690819A · Chianh · 1997 [cited by applicant]
US 5707513A · Jowett · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5766290A · Zievers et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5767470A · Cha · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5779886A · Couture · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5779993A · Gentry · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5785851A · Morris et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5799596A · Peake · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5817594A · McNamara et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5853579A · Rummier et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5853582A · Grangeon et al. · 1998 [cited by applicant]
US 5866736A · Chen · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5873998A · Grangeon et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5895572A · Joulin et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5901575A · Sunder · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5910241A · McNamara et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5943969A · Peake · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5972214A · Callebert et al. · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 5980739A · Jowett · 1999 [cited by applicant]
US 6019810A · Phillips · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6024871A · Harter et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6033629A · Friederick et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6036743A · Butcher et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6096278A · Gary · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6110389A · Horowitz · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6117812A · Gao et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6153094A · Jowett · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6156197A · Dessapt et al. · 2000 [cited by applicant]
US 6242661B1 · Podrebarac et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6258900B1 · Glover et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6262131B1 · Arcuri et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6284022B1 · Sachweh et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6291603B1 · Glover et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6315972B1 · Mehdizadeh et al. · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 6352579B1 · Hirata et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6371452B1 · Shojaie · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6379032B1 · Sorensen · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6387534B1 · Niknafs · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6402959B1 · Dessapt et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6454948B2 · Ferschneider et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US D465257S · Van Olst · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 6521562B1 · Clem et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6524849B1 · Adams · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6583329B1 · Podrebarac · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6630078B2 · Kourtakis et al. · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6631890B1 · Lau · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 6713772B2 · Goodman et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6797175B2 · Hotier · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6811147B2 · Lau · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6835224B2 · Cheng · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 6852227B1 · Petrone · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 6890878B2 · Moore · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 7014175B2 · Honnell · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7125490B2 · Clendenning et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 7255848B2 · Deluga et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7255917B2 · Rochlin et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7265189B2 · Glover · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7303668B2 · Liao · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 7314551B2 · Frey et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7390403B2 · Siwak · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7393510B2 · Glover · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7427385B2 · Scheirer et al. · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 7488413B2 · Badreddine · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7527671B1 · Stuecker et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7544288B1 · Cook · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7566428B2 · Warner et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7632320B2 · Tonkovich et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7637485B2 · Honnell · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 7722832B2 · Glover et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7741502B2 · Lecocq et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 7748688B2 · Bessettes · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 8062521B2 · Glover · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 8241717B1 · Anderson · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8282890B2 · Niknafa et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8293195B2 · Blanchard · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8313709B2 · Glover · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US D672009S · Flournoy · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 8500852B2 · Galbraith · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8524076B2 · Yang · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8524164B2 · Glover · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8550157B2 · O'Malley · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 8663474B2 · Niazi · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US D705499S · Zamarripa · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 9056268B2 · Jones et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9101863B2 · Glover · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9205392B2 · Byl et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 9352292B2 · Solantie et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US D780286S · Ausner · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9732774B1 · Glover · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 10054140B2 · Glover et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10161428B2 · Glover et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 10407348B2 · Osborne · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10421067B2 · Glover · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10421068B2 · Glover · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10449531B2 · Glover · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10500581B1 · Glover · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10525456B2 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10543483B2 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10557486B2 · Glover et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10655654B2 · Glover et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10662986B2 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10738806B2 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10744426B2 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10864465B2 · Boyd · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10876553B2 · Glover et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10920807B2 · Glover et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11000785B2 · Glover et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11156240B2 · Glover et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11752477B2 · Glover et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11754100B2 · Glover et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20010015336A1 · Glover · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20010042928A1 · Nagaoka · 2001 [cited by applicant]
US 20020059786A1 · Nagaoka · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020092414A1 · Nagaoka · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20020146358A1 · Smith et al. · 2002 [cited by applicant]
US 20030125594A1 · Moore · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20030146524A1 · Niknafs · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 20040031729A1 · Meier et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040043493A1 · Kobayashi · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040084352A1 · Meier et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040192862A1 · Glover et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20040225085A1 · Glover et al. · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20050211644A1 · Goldman · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050240038A1 · Gobbel et al. · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20050255014A1 · Glover · 2005 [cited by applicant]
US 20060009648A1 · Gobbel et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060108274A1 · Frey et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060196826A1 · Glover · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060251555A1 · Warner et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060275185A1 · Tonkovich et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20060292046A1 · Fruchey et al. · 2006 [cited by applicant]
US 20070158277A1 · Bachand et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070187314A1 · Sambrook · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20070265357A1 · Iversen et al. · 2007 [cited by applicant]
US 20080044316A1 · Glover · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080245743A1 · Dew · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080257804A1 · Dew · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080257805A1 · Dew · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20080296216A1 · Glover · 2008 [cited by applicant]
US 20090044702A1 · Adamek et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090146339A1 · Malone et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090211441A1 · Reyes et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20090283479A1 · Warner et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100209315A1 · Niknafs · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100243519A1 · Glover et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20100243520A1 · Glover et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20110200478A1 · Billiet · 2011 [cited by applicant]
US 20120211430A1 · Choi · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120211438A1 · Glover · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20120237434A1 · Blanchard et al. · 2012 [cited by applicant]
US 20130178627A1 · Freitas, Jr. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130184461A1 · Freitas, Jr. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130306562A1 · Stifter et al. · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140291224A1 · Fujita · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150053627A1 · Silin et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150129512A1 · Thiyagarajan · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160136603A1 · Parihar et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170189834A1 · Glover et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170234339A1 · Glover · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180008952A1 · Glover · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180023598A1 · Glover · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180093207A1 · Glover et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180093930A1 · Freitas, Jr. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190046901A1 · Boyd · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190048903A1 · Glover et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190177181A1 · St. Germain · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190217283A1 · Glover et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190242412A1 · Glover et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190285098A1 · Glover et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190301498A1 · Glover · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190301499A1 · Glover · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190358620A1 · Glover · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200149564A1 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200215524A1 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200338518A1 · Bakli et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200376413A1 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20200376414A1 · Glover · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20210018022A1 · Glover · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 20220042528A1 · Glover · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20220072495A1 · Glover · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20240066484A1 · Glover · 2024 [cited by applicant]
AU 2004232690 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
AU 2010203014 · 2010 [cited by applicant]
CA 2019928 · 1991 [cited by applicant]
CA 2520071 · 2004 [cited by applicant]
CA 2297113 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
CA 2570527 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
CN 202072546 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
CN 203382593 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
DE 585595 · 1933 [cited by applicant]
DE 3539195 · 1986 [cited by applicant]
EP 73150 · 1933 [cited by applicant]
EP 260826 · 1988 [cited by applicant]
EP 576096 · 1993 [cited by applicant]
EP 639544 · 1995 [cited by applicant]
EP 651041 · 1995 [cited by applicant]
EP 719578 · 1996 [cited by applicant]
EP 1001837 · 1998 [cited by applicant]
EP 0899011 · 1999 [cited by applicant]
EP 1606038 · 2005 [cited by applicant]
EP 1755766 · 2007 [cited by applicant]
EP 3040119 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
EP 3397364 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
EP 3414003 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
FR 2480137 · 1981 [cited by applicant]
Cited By (1)
US 12,515,183