Method of calcining a clay material
A method of calcining a clay material for use as a supplementary cementitious material, includes providing a raw clay material, optionally drying the raw clay material, granulating the raw clay material in order to obtain raw clay granules, calcining the raw clay granules to obtain calcined clay granules, and grinding the calcined clay granules to obtain a pulverulent supplementary cementitious material.
1 . A method of calcining a clay material for use as a supplementary cementitious material, comprising:
providing a raw clay material,
optionally drying the raw clay material,
granulating the raw clay material in order to obtain raw clay granules,
calcining the raw clay granules to obtain calcined clay granules, and
grinding the calcined clay granules to obtain a pulverulent supplementary cementitious material,
wherein the granulating is carried out to obtain raw clay granules having a volume based particle size of 25 mm to 80 mm.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the raw clay material contains at least 30%, of kaolinite, based on the weight of the dry raw clay material.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the raw clay material is provided in the form of a powder and wherein the granulating comprises introducing the raw clay powder into a rotating granulator, sprinkling the raw clay powder with water and forming the raw clay granules.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the raw clay material is provided in the form of a paste having a water content of 10-40 wt.-% of the raw clay material, and wherein the granulating comprises introducing the paste into a rotating granulator and forming the raw clay granules.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the raw clay material is provided clay material with a water content of above 40 wt.-% of the raw clay material, and wherein the granulating comprises introducing the material into a rotating granulator and forming the raw clay granules.
6 . The method according to claim 3 , wherein a vertical or semi-vertical rotating pan granulator is used for granulating the raw clay material.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the drying is carried out in a cement raw material preheater of a cement manufacturing plant and/or the calcinating is carried out in a calcination kiln of a cement manufacturing plant.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the drying comprises introducing the raw clay granules into a heat exchanger and heating the raw clay granules in heat exchange with an exhaust gas coming from a calcination kiln of a cement manufacturing plant.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the drying comprises forming a material bed of the raw clay granules on slotted grate plates of a moving grate preheater and directing a flow of hot gas through the slotted grate plates and the material bed.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the calcining is carried out in a rotary kiln.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step calcining is carried out at a temperature of 600-800° C.
12 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein a residence time of the raw clay granules in the calcination kiln is selected to be 1.5-3 hours.
13 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the raw clay material contains at least 40% of kaolinite, based on the weight of the dry raw clay material.
14 . The method according to claim 9 , wherein the flow of hot gas is exhaust gas coming from a calcination kiln.
15 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein the rotary kiln is heated by burning fuel.
16 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein the burning fuel is petcoke, fuel oil, biomass waste, or hot gas recovered in the calcined clay cooler.
17 . The method according to claim 10 , wherein the rotary kiln is operated with an oxygen content of <8 vol.-%.
18 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the granulating the raw clay material at least reduces dust formation during calcining.