Marine seismic imaging
A method can include receiving seismic survey data of a subsurface environment from a seismic survey utilizing water bed receivers, where each of the receivers includes a clock; assessing one or more clock calibration criteria; based on the assessing, selecting a clock drift processor for processing at least a portion of the seismic survey data from a plurality of different clock drift processors; using at least the clock drift processor, performing a simultaneous inversion for values of model-based parameters; and, using at least a portion of the values, generating processed seismic survey data that represents one or more geological interfaces in the subsurface environment.
1 . A method comprising:
receiving seismic survey data of a subsurface environment from a seismic survey utilizing water bed receivers located at a plurality of nodes located in a baseline grid, wherein each of the water bed receivers comprises a clock;
assessing which of a plurality of clock calibration criteria the seismic survey data meets, the plurality of clock calibration criteria including:
a first clock calibration criteria including whether clock drift correction has been applied using sync values at a deployment time and a retrieval time;
a second clock calibration criteria including whether a clock sync at the deployment time is available; and
a third clock calibration criteria including whether the clock sync is available at the retrieval time;
responsive to which of the plurality of clock calibration criteria is met, selecting a clock drift processor for processing at least a portion of the seismic survey data from a plurality of different clock drift processors;
using at least the clock drift processor, performing a simultaneous inversion for values of model-based parameters; and
using at least a portion of the values and the baseline grid, generating processed seismic survey data that represents one or more geological interfaces in the subsurface environment.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the model-based parameters comprise a water velocity parameter and a clock parameter.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the model-based parameters comprise a water velocity parameter, a clock parameter, a receiver position parameter and a source position parameter.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the simultaneous inversion utilizes a coordinate system related to a sailing direction of a vessel that moves one or more seismic sources.
5 . The method of claim 1 , comprising applying at least one technique that adjusts rank of a matrix of the simultaneous inversion.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of different clock drift processors comprise a deployment clock drift processor that constrains the simultaneous inversion by deployment time delay with respect to receiver clock calibration at the deployment time.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of different clock drift processors comprise a deployment and retrieval clock drift processor that constrains the simultaneous inversion by deployment time delay and retrieval time delay with respect to receiver clock calibration at the deployment time and with respect to the receiver clock calibration at the retrieval time.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of different clock drift processors comprise a linear clock drift processor that utilizes a linear clock drift adjustment.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a water bed of the water bed receivers is at a depth below an air-water interface greater than approximately 100 meters.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the values comprise at least one of lateral and vertical position of the water bed receivers, lateral and vertical position of groups of seismic sources, clock drift of each receiver or temporal changes in acoustic velocity of water between a seismic source and a receiver.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the simultaneous inversion comprises a linearized inversion of traveltime of direct wave between a source and the water bed receivers.
12 . A system comprising:
a processor;
memory operatively coupled to the processor; and
processor-executable instructions stored in the memory to instruct the system to:
receive seismic survey data of a subsurface environment from a seismic survey utilizing water bed receivers located at a plurality of nodes located in a baseline grid, wherein each of the water bed receivers comprises a clock;
assess which of a plurality of clock calibration criteria the seismic survey data meets, the plurality of clock calibration criteria including:
a first clock calibration criteria including whether clock drift correction has been applied using sync values at a deployment time and a retrieval time;
a second clock calibration criteria including whether a clock sync at the deployment time is available; and
a third clock calibration criteria including whether the clock sync is available at the retrieval time;
responsive to which of the plurality of clock calibration criteria is met, select a clock drift processor for processing at least a portion of the seismic survey data from a plurality of different clock drift processors;
using at least the clock drift processor, perform a simultaneous inversion for values of model-based parameters; and
using at least a portion of the values and the baseline grid, generate processed seismic survey data that represents one or more geological interfaces in the subsurface environment.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the water bed receivers comprise ocean bottom cables.
14 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the model-based parameters comprise a receiver position parameter.
15 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the model-based parameters comprise a source position parameter.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a model-based receiver position parameter is defined with respect to a different coordinate system.
17 . One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media comprising computer-executable instructions executable to instruct a computing system to:
receive 4-dimensional seismic survey data of a subsurface environment from a seismic survey utilizing water bed receivers located at a plurality of nodes located in a baseline grid, wherein each of the water bed receivers comprises a clock, wherein the 4-dimensional seismic survey data includes a plurality of 3-dimensional seismic data sets collected over time;
assess, for each of the plurality of 3-dimensional seismic data sets, which of a plurality of clock calibration criteria the plurality of 3-dimensional seismic data sets meets, the plurality of clock calibration criteria including:
a first clock calibration criteria including whether clock drift correction has been applied using sync values at a deployment time and a retrieval time;
a second clock calibration criteria including whether a clock sync at the deployment time is available; and
a third clock calibration criteria including whether the clock sync is available at the retrieval time;
responsive to which of the plurality of clock calibration criteria is met, select, from a plurality of different clock drift processors, a clock drift processor for processing at least a portion of each 3 -dimensional seismic data sets of the plurality of 3-dimensional seismic data sets;
using at least the clock drift processor, perform, for each 3-dimensional seismic data sets of the plurality of 3-dimensional seismic data sets, a simultaneous inversion for values of model-based parameters; and
using at least a portion of the values and the baseline grid, generate time-lapse seismic survey data that represents changes with respect to time of one or more geological interfaces in the subsurface environment.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the seismic survey data includes first seismic survey data collected at a first time, and further comprising, at a second time when the water bed receivers at the plurality of nodes are located in a new grid, and responsive to the processed seismic survey data, repositioning the plurality of nodes to the baseline grid.
19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the seismic survey data includes 4-dimensional seismic survey data, the 4-dimensional seismic survey data including a plurality of 3-dimensional seismic data sets collected over time,
assessing which of the plurality of clock calibration criteria the seismic data meets includes assessing which of the plurality of clock calibration criteria each 3-dimensional data set of the plurality of 3-dimensional data sets meets,
selecting the clock drift processor includes selecting the clock drift processor for each 3-dimensional data set of the plurality of 3-dimensional data sets,
performing the simultaneous inversion includes performing the simultaneous inversion for each 3-dimensional data set of the plurality of 3-dimensional data sets, and
generating the processed seismic survey data includes generating time-lapse seismic survey data, the time-lapse seismic survey data including changes in the subsurface environment with respect to time.