Chip and pinout design method therefor
View Patent ↗Provided are a chip and a pin line-out design method therefor, which are applied to a BGA packaged chip. The method includes: according to pin position information and pin definition information of a chip, determining a number of circuit board layers required for pin line-out of the chip (S 1 ); allocating line-out layers to pins of the chip in their respective circuit boards (S 2 ); and according to a pin density and transmission line width requirement of the chip, determining a specification of a via hole in each circuit board for leading the pin of the chip out to the corresponding line-out layer, to perform a corresponding line-out design on the basis of the via hole (S 3 ). It may be seen that the described unified pin line-out design for the BGA packaged chip is more refined, and the quality of the line-out design of the pins of the chip is ensured.
1. A pin line-out design method for a chip, applied to a ball grid array (BGA) packaged chip, the method comprising:
according to pin position information and pin definition information of the chip, determining a number of circuit board layers required for pin line-out of the chip;
allocating respective line-out layer for pins of the chip in a circuit board;
determining a pin density of the chip according to a pin spacing of the chip, and determining a specification of a via hole in the circuit board for leading the pins of the chip out to the corresponding line-out layer according to the pin density and transmission line width requirement of the chip, to perform a corresponding line-out design on the basis of the via hole;
wherein according to the pin position information and the pin definition information of the chip, determining the number of circuit board layers required for the pin line-out of the chip comprises:
determining the pin position information and the pin definition information of the chip based on a pin map of the chip, wherein the pins of the chip comprise power supply pins, low-speed pins, high-speed pins and ground pins, with a signal transmission rate on a high-speed line connected to the high-speed pins >a preset rate threshold >a signal transmission rate on a low-speed line connected to the low-speed pins;
according to the pin position information and the pin definition information, determining power supply types corresponding to the power supply pins in different positions, position information of the low-speed pins, high-speed pin pairs composed of high-speed pins in different positions, and position information of a TX pin and a RX pin in each high-speed pin pair;
determining the number of circuit board layers required for the pin line-out of the chip according to the power supply types corresponding to the power pins in different positions, the position information of all low-speed pins, and the position information of the TX pin and the RX pin in each high-speed pin pair, wherein the TX pin is a transmit pin and the RX pin is a receive pin;
wherein determining the number of circuit board layers required for the pin line-out of the chip according to the power supply types corresponding to the power pins in different positions, the position information of all low-speed pins, and the position information of the TX pin and the RX pin in each high-speed pin pair comprises:
determining a flow area required by the power supply pins of a same power supply type, and determining a number of first line-out layers required by all power supply pins according to the flow area and a single-layer area of the circuit board, wherein the power supply pins of the same power supply type share one line-out layer;
determining a total number of low-speed pins according to the position information of all low-speed pins, and determining a number of second line-out layers required by all low-speed pins according to the total number of low-speed pins;
according to the position information of the TX pin and the RX pin in each high-speed pin pair, determining a number of high-speed pin pairs in a same row on the pin map, and multiplying the determined number by 2 to obtain a number of third line-out layers required by all high-speed pins, wherein the TX pin and the RX pin in each high-speed pair correspond to different line-out layers; and
adding the number of first line-out layers, the number of second line-out layers and the number of third line-out layers, and multiplying a sum of the number of first line-out layers, the number of second line-out layers and the number of third line-out layers by 2 to obtain the number of circuit board layers required for the pin line-out of the chip.
2. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 1 , wherein allocating respective line-out layer for the pins of the chip in the circuit board comprises:
allocating first line-out layers corresponding to the power supply pins in an intermediate layer on the circuit board;
taking all the first line-out layers as a whole first line-out layer, allocating second line-out layers corresponding to the low-speed pins evenly in upper and lower layers of the whole first line-out layer;
taking all the first line-out layers and all the second line-out layers as a whole second line-out layer, allocating third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin in the upper layer of the whole second line-out layer, and allocating the third line-out layer corresponding to the TX pin to the lower layer of the whole second line-out layer; and
allocating a ground layer for the upper and lower layers of each second line-out layer and each third line-out layer, respectively, wherein all ground layers are connected together through via holes and serve as line-out layers of the ground pins at a same time.
3. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 2 , wherein the pin line-out design method for the chip further comprises:
removing the ground layer between the first line-out layer and the second line-out layer.
4. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 2 , wherein a via hole corresponding to the RX pin of the circuit board is a blind hole.
5. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 2 , wherein the pin line-out design method for the chip further comprises:
performing an anti-pad design on each layer of the circuit board according to a via hole impedance requirement of the chip; wherein, except for wiring regions of the high-speed line and the low-speed line, a rest region of the circuit board is covered with copper.
6. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 5 , wherein performing the anti-pad design on each layer of the circuit board according to the via hole impedance requirement of the chip comprises:
disposing a first track-type anti-pad on the ground layer located on an upper layer of the third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin;
disposing the first track-type anti-pad on the third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin;
disposing a second track-type anti-pad on the ground layer located on a lower layer of the third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin; wherein a diameter of the first track-type anti-pad is greater than a diameter of the second track-type anti-pad;
disposing a third track-type anti-pad on the first line-out layer corresponding to the power supply pins to prevent the power supply pin from being short-circuited; wherein a diameter of the third track-type anti-pad is equal to the diameter of the second track-type anti-pad; and
disposing a circular anti-pad respectively on the ground layers located on the upper layer and the lower layer of the third line-out layer corresponding to the TX pin.
7. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 6 , wherein the pin line-out design method for the chip further comprises:
performing a simulation on a circuit board designed with anti-pads to obtain an actual via hole impedance of the circuit board;
determining whether the actual via hole impedance meets the via hole impedance requirement of the chip; and
when the actual via hole impedance does not meet the via hole impedance requirement of the chip, adjusting a number of the anti-pads and/or sizes of the anti-pads on the circuit board, and returning to the step of performing the simulation on the circuit board designed with the anti-pads until the actual via hole impedance of the circuit board meets the via hole impedance requirement of the chip.
8. A chip, wherein the chip is subjected to the pin line-out design by using the pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 1 .
9. The chip according to claim 8 , wherein allocating respective line-out layer for the pins of the chip in the circuit board comprises:
allocating first line-out layers corresponding to the power supply pins in an intermediate layer on the circuit board;
taking all the first line-out layers as a whole first line-out layer, allocating second line-out layers corresponding to the low-speed pins evenly in upper and lower layers of the whole first line-out layer;
taking all the first line-out layers and all the second line-out layers as a whole second line-out layer, allocating third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin in the upper layer of the whole second line-out layer, and allocating the third line-out layer corresponding to the TX pin to the lower layer of the whole second line-out layer; and
allocating a ground layer for the upper and lower layers of each second line-out layer and each third line-out layer, respectively, wherein all ground layers are connected together through via holes and serve as line-out layers of the ground pins at a same time.
10. The chip according to claim 9 , wherein the pin line-out design method for the chip further comprises:
removing the ground layer between the first line-out layer and the second line-out layer.
11. The chip according to claim 9 , wherein a via hole corresponding to the RX pin of the circuit board is a blind hole.
12. The chip according to claim 9 , wherein the pin line-out design method for the chip further comprises:
performing an anti-pad design on each layer of the circuit board according to a via hole impedance requirement of the chip; wherein, except for wiring regions of the high-speed line and the low-speed line, a rest region of the circuit board is covered with copper.
13. The chip according to claim 12 , wherein performing the anti-pad design on each layer of the circuit board according to the via hole impedance requirement of the chip comprises:
disposing a first track-type anti-pad on the ground layer located on an upper layer of the third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin;
disposing the first track-type anti-pad on the third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin;
disposing a second track-type anti-pad on the ground layer located on a lower layer of the third line-out layer corresponding to the RX pin; wherein a diameter of the first track-type anti-pad is greater than a diameter of the second track-type anti-pad;
disposing a third track-type anti-pad on the first line-out layer corresponding to the power supply pins to prevent the power supply pin from being short-circuited; wherein a diameter of the third track-type anti-pad is equal to the diameter of the second track-type anti-pad; and
disposing a circular anti-pad respectively on the ground layers located on the upper layer and the lower layer of the third line-out layer corresponding to the TX pin.
14. The chip according to claim 13 , wherein the pin line-out design method for the chip further comprises:
performing a simulation on a circuit board designed with anti-pads to obtain an actual via hole impedance of the circuit board;
determining whether the actual via hole impedance meets the via hole impedance requirement of the chip; and
when the actual via hole impedance does not meet the via hole impedance requirement of the chip, adjusting a number of the anti-pads and/or sizes of the anti-pads on the circuit board, and returning to the step of performing the simulation on the circuit board designed with the anti-pads until the actual via hole impedance of the circuit board meets the via hole impedance requirement of the chip.
15. The chip according to claim 8 , wherein determining the flow area required by the power supply pins of the same power supply type, and determining the number of first line-out layers required by all power supply pins according to the flow area and the single-layer area of the circuit board comprises:
when the single-layer area of the circuit board is sufficient for flow use of the power supply pins of a plurality of power supply types, the power supply pins of the plurality of power supply types sharing one line-out layer, but separating outgoing lines of the power supply pins of different power supply types that share one line-out layer; and
when the single-layer area of the circuit board is not sufficient for flow use of the power supply pins of a certain power supply type, allocating a plurality of line-out layers for the power supply pins of the power supply type until it is sufficient for flow use of the power supply pins.
16. The chip according to claim 8 , wherein determining the total number of the low-speed pins according to the position information of all low-speed pins, and determining the number of the second line-out layers required by all low-speed pins according to the total number of the low-speed pins comprises:
allocating two line-out layers for the low-speed pins on the chip
when the two line-out layers are not sufficient for the wiring design of all the low-speed pins on the chip, connecting the remaining low-speed pins not suffered by the wiring design to an idle position of the remaining line-out layers through via holes to carry out a line-out design in the idle position.
17. The chip according to claim 8 , wherein outgoing lines of the high-speed pin pairs in a same row on the pin map of the chip are designed in different line-out layers.
18. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 1 , wherein determining the flow area required by the power supply pins of the same power supply type, and determining the number of first line-out layers required by all power supply pins according to the flow area and the single-layer area of the circuit board comprises:
when the single-layer area of the circuit board is sufficient for flow use of the power supply pins of a plurality of power supply types, the power supply pins of the plurality of power supply types sharing one line-out layer, but separating outgoing lines of the power supply pins of different power supply types that share one line-out layer; and
when the single-layer area of the circuit board is not sufficient for flow use of the power supply pins of a certain power supply type, allocating a plurality of line-out layers for the power supply pins of the power supply type until it is sufficient for flow use of the power supply pins.
19. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 1 , wherein determining the total number of the low-speed pins according to the position information of all low-speed pins, and determining the number of the second line-out layers required by all low-speed pins according to the total number of the low-speed pins comprises:
allocating two line-out layers for the low-speed pins on the chip;
when the two line-out layers are not sufficient for the wiring design of all the low-speed pins on the chip, connecting the remaining low-speed pins not suffered by the wiring design to an idle position of the remaining line-out layers through via holes to carry out a line-out design in the idle position.
20. The pin line-out design method for the chip according to claim 1 , wherein outgoing lines of the high-speed pin pairs in a same row on the pin map of the chip are designed in different line-out layers.