Control module for a resonant switched-capacitor converter and method for controlling a resonant switched-capacitor converter
A control module, for a resonant switched-capacitor converter having first, second, third and fourth cascaded switches and generating an output voltage, includes a timing circuit generating a clock, a controller generating first and second control signals indicating, respectively, first and second control quantities, the difference between which being a function of the difference between a reference quantity and a feedback quantity depending on the output voltage, first and second delay circuits that generate first and second logic signals and, respectively, third and fourth logic signals, the first and third logic signals being delayed with respect to the clock as a function of, respectively, the first and second control quantities, the second and fourth control signals being respectively the logic negation of the first and third logic signals, and a driver that controls the first, second, third, and fourth switches based on, respectively, the first, second, third, and fourth logic signals.
1. A control module for a resonant switched-capacitor converter comprising a first, a second, a third and a fourth switch connected in cascade, a resonant series circuit coupled to the first, the second, the third and the fourth switch, and an output node configured to be coupled to a load, the resonant switched-capacitor converter configured to apply an output voltage on the output node, the control module comprising:
a timing circuit configured to generate a clock signal;
a feedback circuit configured to generate a feedback quantity that depends on the output voltage;
a reference circuit configured to generate a reference signal indicating a reference quantity;
a controller stage configured to generate a first and a second control signal indicating, respectively, a first and a second control quantity, a difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity being a function of an error quantity equal to a difference between the reference quantity and the feedback quantity;
a first delay circuit configured to receive the first control signal and generate a first and a second logic signal, the second control signal being a logic negation of the first logic signal, the first logic signal being delayed by a first time quantity with respect to the clock signal, the first time quantity being a function of the first control quantity;
a second delay circuit configured to receive the second control signal and generate a third and a fourth logic signal, the fourth logic signal being a logic negation of the third logic signal, the third logic signal being delayed by a second time quantity with respect to the clock signal, the second time quantity being a function of the second control quantity; and
a driver circuit configured to generate a first, a second, a third and a fourth driving signal, respectively based on the first, the second, the third and the fourth logic signal, the first, second, third and fourth driving signals being respectively configured to control the first, the second, the third and the fourth switch such that, in response to each of the first, second, third and fourth logic signals being in a first or a second logic state, the corresponding controlled switch is respectively on or off.
2. The control module according to claim 1 , wherein the first and the second time quantity monotonically depend, respectively, on the first control quantity and the second control quantity; and wherein a difference between the second time quantity and the first time quantity monotonically depends on the difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity.
3. The control module according to claim 1 , wherein the difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity depends on the error quantity in a proportional and/or integrative way.
4. The control module according to claim 1 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference voltage; and wherein the controller stage comprises:
a first and a second control node;
a first compensation network coupled to the first and the second control node and including a compensation resistor and/or a compensation capacitor connected in series; and
an operational transconductance amplifier coupled to the first and the second control node and configured to generate a differential current proportional to the error quantity, the differential current flowing at least in part through the first compensation network;
wherein the first and the second control quantity are respectively equal to voltages on the first and the second control node.
5. The control module according to claim 4 , wherein the first compensation network comprises the respective compensation resistor and the respective compensation capacitor, connected in series.
6. The control module according to claim 1 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference voltage; and wherein the controller stage comprises a first and a second control node and a fully differential voltage amplifier, which includes:
an amplifier with a differential output, which has a first and a second input terminal and a first and a second output terminal;
a first and a second compensation network equal to one another, the first compensation network comprising a respective compensation resistor and/or a respective compensation capacitor, the first compensation network being coupled to the first input terminal and the first output terminal of the amplifier with the differential output, the second compensation network being coupled to the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the amplifier with the differential output; and
a first and a second input resistor, which have first terminals that are respectively coupled to the first and the second input terminal of the amplifier with the differential output, second terminals of the first and the second input resistor being configured to be respectively set to the reference voltage and the feedback voltage.
7. The control module according to claim 1 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference voltage; and
wherein the controller stage comprises:
a first and a second control node;
a first compensation network coupled to the second control node and to a reference potential and including a compensation resistor and/or a compensation capacitor; and
a single-ended transconductance amplifier having an output terminal coupled to the second control node and configured to inject a current proportional to the error quantity into the second control node;
wherein the first and the second control quantity are respectively equal to an additional reference voltage and to a voltage on the second control node.
8. The control module according to claim 1 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference number; and wherein the controller stage comprises:
an analog-to-digital converter configured to generate a digital signal representing an output numerical value, as a function of the feedback voltage; and
a controller configured to receive the digital signal and the reference signal and to generate the first and the second control signal so that the first and the second control quantity are respectively formed by a first and a second numerical value, each of the first and the second numerical value being a function of the error quantity.
9. The control module according to claim 8 , wherein the first and the second delay circuit are digital-to-time converters; and wherein the first and the second time quantity are respectively proportional to, respectively, the first and the second numerical value.
10. A system comprising:
a resonant switched-capacitor converter comprising:
a first, a second, a third and a fourth switch connected in cascade;
a resonant series circuit coupled to the first, the second, the third and the fourth switch; and
an output node configured to be coupled to a load, the resonant switched-capacitor converter configured to apply an output voltage on the output node; and
a control module comprising:
a timing circuit configured to generate a clock signal;
a feedback circuit configured to generate a feedback quantity that depends on the output voltage;
a reference circuit configured to generate a reference signal indicating a reference quantity;
a controller stage configured to generate a first and a second control signal indicating, respectively, a first and a second control quantity, a difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity being a function of an error quantity equal to a difference between the reference quantity and the feedback quantity;
a first delay circuit configured to receive the first control signal and generate a first and a second logic signal, the second control signal being a logic negation of the first logic signal, the first logic signal being delayed by a first time quantity with respect to the clock signal, the first time quantity being a function of the first control quantity;
a second delay circuit configured to receive the second control signal and generate a third and a fourth logic signal, the fourth logic signal being a logic negation of the third logic signal, the third logic signal being delayed by a second time quantity with respect to the clock signal, the second time quantity being a function of the second control quantity; and
a driver circuit configured to generate a first, a second, a third and a fourth driving signal, respectively based on the first, the second, the third and the fourth logic signal, the first, second, third and fourth driving signals being respectively configured to control the first, the second, the third and the fourth switch such that, in response to each of the first, second, third and fourth logic signals being in a first or a second logic state, the corresponding controlled switch is respectively on or off.
11. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the first and the second time quantity monotonically depend, respectively, on the first control quantity and the second control quantity; and wherein a difference between the second time quantity and the first time quantity monotonically depends on the difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity.
12. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity depends on the error quantity in a proportional and/or integrative way.
13. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference voltage; and wherein the controller stage comprises:
a first and a second control node;
a first compensation network coupled to the first and the second control node and including a compensation resistor and/or a compensation capacitor connected in series; and
an operational transconductance amplifier coupled to the first and the second control node and configured to generate a differential current proportional to the error quantity, the differential current flowing at least in part through the first compensation network;
wherein the first and the second control quantity are respectively equal to voltages on the first and the second control node.
14. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference voltage; and wherein the controller stage comprises:
a first and a second control node;
a first compensation network coupled to the second control node and to a reference potential and including a compensation resistor and/or a compensation capacitor; and
a single-ended transconductance amplifier having an output terminal coupled to the second control node and configured to inject a current proportional to the error quantity into the second control node;
wherein the first and the second control quantity are respectively equal to an additional reference voltage and to a voltage on the second control node.
15. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference voltage; and wherein the controller stage comprises a first and a second control node and a fully differential voltage amplifier, which includes:
an amplifier with a differential output, which has a first and a second input terminal and a first and a second output terminal;
a first and a second compensation network equal to one another, the first compensation network comprising a respective compensation resistor and/or a respective compensation capacitor, the first compensation network being coupled to the first input terminal and the first output terminal of the amplifier with the differential output, the second compensation network being coupled to the second input terminal and the second output terminal of the amplifier with the differential output; and
a first and a second input resistor, which have first terminals that are respectively coupled to the first and the second input terminal of the amplifier with the differential output, second terminals of the first and the second input resistor being configured to be respectively set to the reference voltage and the feedback voltage.
16. The system according to claim 10 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage; wherein the reference quantity is a reference number; and wherein the controller stage comprises:
an analog-to-digital converter configured to generate a digital signal representing an output numerical value, as a function of the feedback voltage; and
a controller configured to receive the digital signal and the reference signal and to generate the first and the second control signal so that the first and the second control quantity are respectively formed by a first and a second numerical value, each of the first and the second numerical value being a function of the error quantity.
17. A method for controlling a resonant switched-capacitor converter comprising a first, a second, a third and a fourth switch connected in cascade, a resonant series circuit coupled to the first, the second, the third and the fourth switch, and an output node configured to be coupled to a load, the resonant switched-capacitor converter configured to apply an output voltage on the output node, the method comprising:
generating a clock signal;
generating a feedback quantity that depends on the output voltage;
generating a reference signal indicating a reference quantity;
generating a first and a second control signal indicating, respectively, a first and a second control quantity, a difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity being a function of an error quantity equal to a difference between the reference quantity and the feedback quantity;
based on the first control signal, generating a first and a second logic signal, the second logic signal being a logic negation of the first logic signal, the first logic signal being delayed by a first time quantity with respect to the clock signal, the first time quantity being a function of the first control quantity;
based on the second control signal, generating a third and a fourth logic signal, the fourth logic signal being a logic negation of the third logic signal, the third logic signal being delayed by a second time quantity with respect to the clock signal, the second time quantity being a function of the second control quantity; and
generating a first, a second, a third and a fourth driving signal, respectively based on the first, the second, the third and the fourth logic signal, the first, second, third and fourth driving signals being respectively configured to control the first, the second, the third and the fourth switch in a manner such that, in response to each of the first, second, third and fourth logic signals being in a first or a second logic state, the corresponding controlled switch is respectively on or off.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the first and the second time quantity monotonically depend, respectively, on the first control quantity and the second control quantity; and a difference between the second time quantity and the first time quantity monotonically depends on the difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity.
19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the difference between the second control quantity and the first control quantity depends on the error quantity in a proportional and/or integrative way.
20. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the feedback quantity is a feedback voltage, the reference quantity is a reference number, and the method further comprises:
generating a digital signal representing an output numerical value, as a function of the feedback voltage;
receiving the digital signal and the reference signal; and
generating the first and the second control signal so that the first and the second control quantity are respectively formed by a first and a second numerical value, each of the first and the second numerical value being a function of the error quantity.