Medium voltage switching apparatus
View Patent ↗A switching apparatus including one or more electric poles. For each electric pole, the switching apparatus includes a first pole terminal, a second pole terminal, a ground terminal, and a plurality of fixed contacts spaced apart one from another. For each electric pole, the switching apparatus further includes a movable contact and a vacuum interrupter. The vacuum interrupter includes a fixed arc contact and a movable arc contact reversibly movable along a corresponding translation axis between a coupled position with the fixed arc contact and an uncoupled position from the fixed arc contact. For each electric pole, the switching apparatus further includes a motion transmission mechanism operatively coupled to a contact shaft coupled to the movable arc contact. The motion transmission mechanism is actuatable by the movable contact to cause a movement of said movable arc contact along said translation axis, when said movable contact moves about said rotation axis.
1. A switching apparatus for medium voltage electric systems, said switching apparatus comprising one or more electric poles, wherein, for each electric pole, said switching apparatus comprises:
a first pole terminal, a second pole terminal, and a ground terminal, said first pole terminal electrically couplable with a first conductor of an electric line, said second pole terminal electrically couplable to a second conductor of said electric line, and said ground terminal electrically couplable to a grounding conductor;
a plurality of fixed contacts spaced apart one from another, said plurality of fixed contacts including a first fixed contact electrically connected to said first pole terminal, a second fixed contact electrically connected to said second pole terminal, a third fixed contact electrically connected to said ground terminal, and fourth fixed contact;
a movable contact reversibly movable about a rotation axis according to a first rotation direction and a second rotation direction, so that said movable contact can be coupled to or uncoupled from said fixed contacts, wherein said movable contact is coupled to a first fixed contact region of said first fixed contact and to a second fixed contact region of said second fixed contact, thereby electrically connecting said first and second fixed contacts, when said switching apparatus is in a closed state,
wherein said movable contact is coupled to no fixed contacts, when said movable contact is in an open state, and
wherein said movable contact is coupled to a third fixed contact region of said second fixed contact and to a fourth fixed contact region of said third fixed contact, thereby electrically connecting said second and third fixed contacts, when said movable contact is in a grounded state;
a vacuum interrupter comprising a fixed arc contact electrically connected to said first pole terminal, a movable arc contact electrically connected to said fourth fixed contact and reversibly movable along a corresponding translation axis between a coupled position with said fixed arc contact and an uncoupled position from said fixed arc contact, and a vacuum chamber, in which said fixed arc contact and said movable arc contact are enclosed and can be coupled or decoupled; and
a motion transmission mechanism operatively coupled to said movable arc contact and actuatable by said movable contact to cause a movement of said movable arc contact along said translation axis, when said movable contact moves about said rotation axis,
wherein said first and second pole terminals are arranged at opposite sides of said switching apparatus relative to the rotation axis of said movable contact and aligned one to another along a first alignment direction,
wherein, for each electric pole, the first and second fixed contact regions of said first and second fixed contacts are arranged at opposite sides of said switching apparatus relative to the rotation axis of said movable contact, said first and second fixed contact regions displaced relative to the first alignment direction of said first and second pole terminals, so that said first and second fixed contact regions are aligned along a second alignment direction angularly spaced from said first alignment direction, and
wherein, during an opening maneuver of said switching apparatus, said movable contact moves according to said first rotation direction towards an intermediate position, wherein, upon an initial movement according to said first rotation direction, said movable contact directly couples to said fourth fixed contact while being coupled to said first fixed contact and to said second fixed contact, thereby electrically connecting said first fixed contact and said fourth fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
2. The switching apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein, for each electric pole, said vacuum interrupter is arranged in proximity of said first pole terminal and is oriented so that said translation axis of said movable arc contact is parallel to or coinciding with the first alignment direction of said first and second pole terminals.
3. The switching apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein for each electric pole, said first pole terminal, said first fixed contact and said vacuum interrupter are at least partially accommodated in a portion of internal volume defined by a bushing of said switching apparatus.
4. The switching apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said movable contact is reversibly movable between a first end-of-run position, which corresponds to said closed state of said switching apparatus, and a second end-of-run position, which corresponds to said grounded state of said switching apparatus, said movable contact passing through said intermediate position, which corresponds to said open state of said switching apparatus, when moving between said first and second end-of-run positions.
5. The switching apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein, during an opening maneuver of said switching apparatus, said movable contact moves according to said first rotation direction away from said first end-of-run position and towards said intermediate position.
6. The switching apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein, upon a further movement according to said first rotation direction, said movable contact decouples from said first fixed contact while being coupled to said fourth fixed contact and to said second fixed contact, thereby electrically disconnecting said first fixed contact from said second fixed contact and electrically connecting said fourth fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
7. The switching apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein said movable contact couples to and actuates said motion transmission mechanism, while being coupled to said second and fourth fixed contacts, thereby causing a movement of said movable arc contact from said coupled position to said uncoupled position while said movable contact electrically connects said fourth fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
8. The switching apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein upon a further movement according to said first rotation direction, said movable contact decouples from said motion transmission mechanism and from said second and fourth fixed contacts and subsequently reaches said intermediate position, thereby electrically disconnecting said fourth fixed contact from said second fixed contact.
9. The switching apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein during a closing maneuver of said switching apparatus, said movable contact moves according to said second rotation direction away from said intermediate position and towards said first end-of-run position, and wherein upon an initial movement according to said second rotation direction, said movable contact couples to said fourth fixed contact, thereby electrically connecting said fourth fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
10. The switching apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein upon a further movement according to said second rotation direction, said movable contact couples to said first fixed contact while being coupled to said fourth fixed contact and to said second fixed contact, thereby electrically connecting said first fixed contact and said fourth fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
11. The switching apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein upon a further movement according to said second rotation direction, said movable contact decouples from said fourth fixed contact while being coupled to said first fixed contact and to said second fixed contact, thereby electrically disconnecting said fourth fixed contact from said second fixed contact and electrically connecting said first fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
12. The switching apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein upon a further movement according to said second rotation direction, said movable contact couples to and actuates said motion transmission mechanism while being coupled to said first fixed contact and to said second fixed contact, and wherein an actuation by said movable contact causes a transition of said motion transmission mechanism from a second configuration to a first configuration and a consequent movement of said movable arc contact from said uncoupled position to said coupled position while said movable contact electrically connects said first fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
13. The switching apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein upon a further movement according to said second rotation direction, said movable contact decouples from said motion transmission mechanism and subsequently reaches said first end-of-run position, while being slidably coupled to said first fixed contact and electrically connecting said first fixed contact to said second fixed contact.
14. The switching apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the switching apparatus is a load-break switch for medium voltage electric systems.