IP Library Granted Patent US 12,390,498
Granted Patent B2
US 12,390,498 · App. 18/326,511 · Granted Aug 19, 2025

Treatment of clostridium difficile infection

Inventors: Jessica Schneider (Cambridge, MA); Yun-Gi Kim (Watertown, MA); Bernat Olle (Cambridge, MA); Shilpa Reddy (Watertown, MA); Jason Norman (North Weymouth, MA); Juan Patarroyo (Lexington, MA)
Assignee: Vedanta Biosciences, Inc.
A61K35/747A23L5/00A23L33/135A61K9/0053A61K9/48A61K35/74A61K35/742A61K38/14C12N1/20A23K10/18A23K50/30A61K9/0031
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,390,498
App. No.
18/326,511
Granted
Aug 19, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Provided herein are compositions and methods for the treatment or prevention of pathogenic infections.

Claims (37)

1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a purified bacterial mixture, wherein the purified bacterial mixture consists of 7 to 10 bacterial strains, wherein the purified bacterial mixture comprises at least 7 of:

(i) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 157;

(ii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 129;

(iii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 132;

(iv) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 137;

(v) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 124;

(vi) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 141;

(vii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 146; and

(viii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 97% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 152,

wherein the bacterial strains are lyophilized.

2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the purified bacterial mixture comprises:

(i) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 157;

(ii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 129;

(iii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 132;

(iv) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 137;

(v) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 124;

(vi) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 141;

(vii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 146; and

(viii) a bacterial strain comprising a 16S rDNA sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 152.

3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a pH-sensitive composition comprising one or more enteric polymers.

4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a capsule.

5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises between 1×10 7 and 1×10 10 colony forming units (CFUs) per bacterial strain.

6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for oral administration.

8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for rectal administration.

9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for delivery to the intestine.

10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for delivery to the colon.

11. A method of reducing the likelihood of a Clostridium difficile infection in a subject, the method comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 to the subject in a therapeutically effective amount to reduce the likelihood of the Clostridium difficile infection.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the Clostridium difficile infection is a first occurrence of a Clostridium difficile infection.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the Clostridium difficile infection is a recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the subject is administered one or more doses of an antibiotic prior to the pharmaceutical composition.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the antibiotic is vancomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, colistin, metronidazole, clindamycin, fidaxomicin, or cefoperazone.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the antibiotic is vancomycin.

17. A method to suppress an abnormal or excessive immune response in a subject comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 to the subject in a therapeutically effective amount to suppress the abnormal or excessive immune response.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the abnormal or excessive immune response is suppressed by inducing proliferation and/or accumulation of regulatory T cells.

19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the subject is administered one or more doses of an antibiotic prior to the pharmaceutical composition.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the antibiotic is vancomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, colistin, metronidazole, clindamycin, fidaxomicin, or cefoperazone.

Assignments (2)
SECURITY INTEREST Recorded Jul 7, 2025
From: VEDANTA BIOSCIENCES, INC.
To: ANKURA TRUST COMPANY, LLC, AS COLLATERAL TRUSTEE
Reel/Frame 071622/0158 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Nov 13, 2023
From: SCHNEIDER, JESSICA; KIM, YUN-GI; OLLE, BERNAT; REDDY, SHILPA; NORMAN, JASON; PATARROYO, JUAN
To: VEDANTA BIOSCIENCES, INC.
Reel/Frame 065549/0859 →
Continuity (8)
Continuation 16702659 · Dec 4, 2019
Continuation 16423487 · May 28, 2019
Continuation 16157640 · Oct 11, 2018
Continuation 15993037 · May 30, 2018
Continuation 15630088 · Jun 22, 2017
Continuation PCTUS2017037498 · Jun 14, 2017
Provisional Application 62349914 · Jun 14, 2016
Related Publication 20240123000A1 · Apr 18, 2024
References Cited (147)
US 6635260B1 · Gerding · 2003 [cited by applicant]
US 8460648B2 · Borody · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 9386793B2 · Blaser et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 9642881B2 · Honda et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9649345B2 · Honda et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 9999641B2 · Schneider · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 10064904B2 · Schneider · 2018 [cited by examiner]
US 10350250B2 · Schneider · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10456431B2 · Schneider · 2019 [cited by examiner]
US 10555980B2 · Schneider · 2020 [cited by examiner]
US 11701396B2 · Schneider · 2023 [cited by examiner]
US 20040028689A1 · Borody · 2004 [cited by applicant]
US 20090269321A1 · Sashihara et al. · 2009 [cited by applicant]
US 20100074872A1 · Blaser et al. · 2010 [cited by applicant]
US 20130045274A1 · Hlavka · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20130195804A1 · Borody · 2013 [cited by applicant]
US 20140199281A1 · Henn et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140328803A1 · McKenzie et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20140341921A1 · Honda et al. · 2014 [cited by applicant]
US 20150037476A1 · Dhingra et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20150079209A1 · Kameyama et al. · 2015 [cited by applicant]
US 20160022745A1 · Wang · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160022746A1 · Lawley et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160040215A1 · Henn et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160113971A1 · Kaplan et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160193256A1 · Honda et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160193257A1 · Honda et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20160228476A1 · Cutcliffe et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 20170143772A1 · Mulder et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170209502A1 · Honda et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170216378A1 · Honda et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170290889A1 · Loke et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20170354697A1 · Schneider et al. · 2017 [cited by applicant]
US 20180169153A1 · Berry et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180169157A1 · Schneider et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180221286A1 · Kabadi et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20180264056A1 · Schneider et al. · 2018 [cited by applicant]
US 20190030098A1 · Schneider et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190134106A1 · Borody · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20190275090A1 · Schneider et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 20200206284A1 · Schneider et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 20220143108A1 · Norman et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 20240100103A1 · Olle et al. · 2024 [cited by applicant]
EP 3052111B1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
JP 2015500792A · 2015 [cited by applicant]
JP 2016509002A · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2002007741A1 · 2002 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2006050479A1 · 2006 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011033310A1 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2011152566A2 · 2011 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013037067A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013037068A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013080561A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2013182038A1 · 2013 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014082050A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014121298A2 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014121301A1 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014121302A2 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014145958A2 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2014153194A2 · 2014 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015006355A2 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015051323A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015077794A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015095241A2 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015156419A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015164555A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2015179437A1 · 2015 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016086161A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016086205A2 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016086206A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016086208A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016086209A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016086210A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016185469A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016201053A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016203217A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016203218A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016203220A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016203221A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016203223A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2016209806A1 · 2016 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017008026A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017035188A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017075098A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017085518A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017085520A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017089794A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017089795A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017091783A2 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017148596A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2017218680A1 · 2017 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018005606A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2018080477A1 · 2018 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2019227085A1 · 2019 [cited by applicant]
WO WO2020037271A1 · 2020 [cited by applicant]
Drancourt et al. 2000 (16S Ribosomal DNA Sequence Analysis of a Large Collection of Environmental and Clinical Unidentifiable Bacterial Isolates; Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 38, No. 10: 3623-3630; (Year: 2000… [cited by examiner]
Reigadas et al. 2021 (How to: prophylactic interventions for prevention of Clostridiolides difficile infection; Clinical Microbiology and Infection 27: 1777-1783) (Year: 2021). [cited by examiner]
Smits et al. 2016 (Clostridium difficile infection; Nature Reviews Disease Primers, vol. 2, p. 1-20) (Year: 2016). [cited by examiner]
Mounsey et al. 2020 (Clostridioides difficile Infection: Update on Management; https://familydoctor.org/condition/clostridium-difficile-cdiff-infection) (Year: 2020). [cited by examiner]
Dsouza et al., Colonization of the live biotherapeutic product VE303 and modulation of the microbiota and metabolites in healthy volunteers. Cell Host Microbe. Apr. 13, 2022;30(4):583-598.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.03… [cited by applicant]
Martiny et al., Phylogenetic conservatism of functional traits in microorganisms. ISME J. Apr. 2013;7(4):830-8. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2012.160. Epub Dec. 13, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Stackebrandt et al., Authors need to be prudent when assigning names to microbial isolates. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. Jan. 2022;115(1):1-5. doi: 10.1007/s10482-021-01675-8. [cited by applicant]
[No Author Listed], [Clostridium] innocuum strain I46 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence. GenBank Accession No. KR364751.1. Nov. 28, 2016. 2 pages. [cited by applicant]
[No Author Listed], [Clostridium] symbiosum gene for 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence, strain: JCM 1297. GenBank Accession No. LC036311.1. Mar. 20, 2015. 1 page. [cited by applicant]
Alang et al., Weight gain after fecal microbiota transplantation. Open Forum Infect Dis. Feb. 4, 2015;2(1):ofv004. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofv004. eCollection Jan. 2015. [cited by applicant]
Apisarnthanarak et al., Adjunctive intracolonic vancomycin for severe [cited by applicant]
Bajaj et al., Fecal microbiota transplant from a rational stool donor improves hepatic encephalopathy: A randomized clinical trial. Hepatology. Dec. 2017;66(6):1727-1738. doi: 10.1002/hep.29306. Epub Oct. 30, 2017. [cited by applicant]
Blaser, The microbiome revolution. J Clin Invest. Oct. 2014;124(10):4162-5. doi: 10.1172/JCI78366. Epub Oct. 1, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Bloom et al., Microbiome therapeutics for hepatic encephalopathy. J Hepatol. Dec. 2021;75(6):1452-1464. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.08.004. Epub Aug. 25, 2021. [cited by applicant]
Bobilev et al., 1953. VE303, a Rationally Designed Bacterial Consortium for Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile ( [cited by applicant]
Borody et al., Therapeutic faecal microbiota transplantation: current status and future developments. Curr Opin Gastroenterol.Jan. 2014;30(1):97-105. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000027. [cited by applicant]
Bucci et al., MDSINE: Microbial Dynamical Systems INference Engine for microbiome time-series analyses. Genome Biol. Jun. 3, 2016;17(1):121. doi: 10.1186/s13059-016-0980-6. [cited by applicant]
Buffie et al., Precision microbiome reconstitution restores bile acid mediated resistance to [cited by applicant]
Burns et al., Donor Recruitment and Eligibility for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Results From an International Public Stool Bank. Gastro. Apr. 2015;148(4):S96-S97. [cited by applicant]
Calfee, [cited by applicant]
Cammarota et al., Randomised clinical trial: faecal microbiota transplantation by colonoscopy vs. vancomycin for the treatment of recurrent [cited by applicant]
Cash et al., Current concepts in the assessment and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. QJM. Jan. 2010;103(1):9-16. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcp152. Epub Nov. 10, 2009. [cited by applicant]
Demorrow, Bile Acids in Hepatic Encephalopathy. J Clin Exp Hepatol. Jan.-Feb. 2019;9(1):117-124. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.04.011. Epub May 4, 2018. [cited by applicant]
Drancourt et al., 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of a large collection of environmental and clinical unidentifiable bacterial isolates. J Clin Microbiol. Oct. 2000;38(10):3623-30. doi: 10.1128/JCM.38.10.3623-3630.2… [cited by applicant]
Eyre et al., Whole-genome sequencing demonstrates that fidaxomicin is superior to vancomycin for preventing reinfection and relapse of infection with [cited by applicant]
Ferenci et al., Hepatic encephalopathy—definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998. Hepatology. Mar. 2002;35(… [cited by applicant]
Genbank Accession No. NR_104687.1. NCBI. Sakamoto. Feb. 3, 2015. [cited by applicant]
Hooper et al., Interactions between the microbiota and the immune system. Science. Jun. 8, 2012;336(6086):1268-73. doi: 10.1 126/science.1223490. Epub Jun. 6, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Hughes et al., Immune activation in irritable bowel syndrome: can neuroimmune interactions explain symptoms? AmJ Gastroenterol. Jul. 2013;108(7):1066-74. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.120. Epub May 7, 2013. [cited by applicant]
Janda et al., 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification in the diagnostic laboratory: pluses, perils, and pitfalls. J Clin Microbiol. Sep. 2007;45(9):2761-4. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01228-07. Epub Jul. 11, 2007. [cited by applicant]
Kakihana et al., Fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease of the gut. Blood. Oct. 20, 2016;128(16):2083-2088. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-05-717652. Epub Jul. 26, … [cited by applicant]
Kassam et al., Fecal microbiota transplantation for [cited by applicant]
Khoruts et al., Emergence of fecal microbiota transplantation as an approach to repair disrupted microbial gut ecology. Immunol Lett. Dec. 2014;162(2 Pt A):77-81. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.07.016. Epub Aug. 10, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Leblanc et al., Bacteria as vitamin suppliers to their host: a gut microbiota perspective. Curr Opin Biotechnol. Apr. 2013;24(2):160-8. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.08.005. Epub; Aug. 30, 2012. [cited by applicant]
Lessa et al., Burden of [cited by applicant]
Louie et al., Fidaxomicin preserves the intestinal microbiome during and after treatment of [cited by applicant]
Marvola et al., Enteric polymers as binders and coating materials in multiple-unit site-specific drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci. Feb. 1999;7(3):259-67. [cited by applicant]
Miller, Fidaxomicin (OPT-80) for the treatment of [cited by applicant]
Mullane, Fidaxomicin in [cited by applicant]
Narushima et al., Characterization of the 17 strains of regulatory T cell-inducing human-derived Clostridia. Gut Microbes. May-Jun. 2014;5(3):333-9. doi: 10.4161/gmic.28572. Epub Mar. 18, 2014. [cited by applicant]
Paramsothy et al., Donor Recruitment for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. Inflamm Bowel Dis. Jul. 2015;21(7):1600-6. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000405. [cited by applicant]
Rose et al., Hepatic encephalopathy: Novel insights into classification, pathophysiology and therapy. J Hepatol. Dec. 2020;73(6):1526-1547. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.07.013. Epub Oct. 21, 2020. [cited by applicant]
Rossi-Tamisier et al., Cautionary tale of using 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values in identification of human-associated bacterial species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. Jun. 2015;65(Pt 6):1929-34. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.… [cited by applicant]
Shannon-Lowe et al., Prevention and medical management of [cited by applicant]
Surawicz, Fecal microbiota transplantation: what we know and what we need to know. Ann Intern Med. May 5, 2015;162(9):662-3. doi: 10.7326/M15-0609. [cited by applicant]
Tannock et al., A new macrocyclic antibiotic, fidaxomicin (OPT-80), causes less alteration to the bowel microbiota of [cited by applicant]
Van Nood et al., Duodenal infusion of donor feces for recurrent [cited by applicant]
Wang et al., Microbiota-derived butyrate dynamically regulates intestinal homeostasis through regulation of actin-associated protein synaptopodin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. May 26, 2020;117(21):11648-11657. doi: 10.1073… [cited by applicant]
Wei et al., Fecal microbiota transplantation restores dysbiosis in patients with methicillin resistant [cited by applicant]
Xiao et al., Bacterial diversity and community structure of supragingival plaques in adults with dental health or caries revealed by 16S pyrosequencing. Frontiers in microbiology. Jul. 22, 2016;7:1145. 15 pages. [cited by applicant]
Xie et al., Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Treating Hepatic Encephalopathy: Experimental and Clinical Evidence and Possible Underlying Mechanisms. Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology 2018;3(4):119-124.… [cited by applicant]
Youngster et al., Fecal microbiota transplant for relapsing Clostridium difficile infection using a frozen inoculum from unrelated donors: a randomized, open-label, controlled pilot study. Clin Infect Dis. Jun. 2014;58(… [cited by applicant]