Photochromic polyurethane laminate
A photochromic polyurethane laminate wherein the photochromic polyurethane layer of the laminate has been crosslinked with an isocyanate-active prepolymer using a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking agent is formulated to have at least three functional groups that are reactive with functional groups of the polyurethane or of the isocyanate-active prepolymer. A method of making the photochromic polyurethane laminate includes steps of causing the crosslinking.
1. A photochromic polyurethane laminate comprising:
a crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer prepared from a composition comprising:
a polyurethane;
an isocyanate prepolymer;
a crosslinking agent comprising a heat-activated urea compound having two or more functional urea groups; and
a photochromic agent;
a first resin layer attached to a first side of the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer; and
a second resin layer attached to a second side of the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer.
2. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the polyurethane is formed from a polycaprolactone diol.
3. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the two or more functional urea groups of the heat-activated urea compound are connected by an aromatic ring.
4. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 1 , wherein the two or more functional urea groups of the heat-activated urea compound are connected by an aliphatic chain.
5. A photochromic polyurethane laminate comprising:
a first resin layer;
a second resin layer; and
a crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer disposed between the first and the second resin layers, the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer formed of a composition comprising:
a polyurethane;
an isocyanate prepolymer;
a crosslinking agent comprising a heat-activated urea compound having at least two urea functional groups that react with hydroxyl groups of the polyurethane; and
at least one photochromic compound.
6. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 5 , wherein said at least two urea functional groups of said heat-activated urea compound react with hydroxyl groups of the polyurethane at an elevated temperature to form allophanate or biuret.
7. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 5 , wherein said heat-activated urea compound comprises 3,3′-hexamethylenebis(1,1′-dipropylurea) or 3,3′-(4-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1,1′-dipropylurea).
8. A photochromic polyurethane laminate comprising:
a first resin layer;
a second resin layer; and
a crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer disposed between the first resin layer and the second resin layer, the crosslinked photochromic polyurethane layer formed of a composition comprising:
a thermoplastic polyurethane prepared from a composition comprising an aliphatic diisocyanate, a diol and a chain extender;
an isocyanate prepolymer prepared from a composition comprising an aliphatic diisocyanate and a diol;
a crosslinking agent comprising a heat-activated urea compound; and
at least one photochromic compound.
9. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 8 , wherein the aliphatic diisocyanate is an alicyclic diisocyanate.
10. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 9 , wherein the alicyclic diisocyanate comprises 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethanediisocyanate.
11. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 8 , wherein the diol comprises a polycaprolactone diol having an OH number of 112 mg KOH/g and a number average molecular weight of about 1000 g/mole.
12. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 8 , wherein the chain extender to prepare the thermoplastic polyurethane comprises 1,4-butane-diol.
13. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 8 , wherein the crosslinking agent comprising the heat-activated urea compound further comprises at least two urea functional groups.
14. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 13 , wherein the at least two urea functional groups of the heat-activated urea compound are connected by an aromatic ring.
15. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 13 , wherein the at least two urea functional groups of the heat-activated urea compound are connected by an aliphatic chain.
16. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 13 , wherein the at least two urea functional groups of the heat-activated urea compound are configured to react with hydroxyl groups of the thermoplastic polyurethane at an elevated temperature to form allophanate or biuret.
17. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 8 , wherein the heat-activated urea compound comprises 3,3′-hexamethylenebis(1,1′-dipropylurea) or 3,3′-(4-methyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(1,1′-dipropylurea).
18. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 8 , wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane comprises an average molecular weight in a range of 75,000 to 100,000.
19. The photochromic polyurethane laminate according to claim 8 , wherein the isocyanate prepolymer comprises a weight molecular weight in a range of 5000 to 15,000.