Metal filament recovery system
Systems and methods for separating materials and recovery of valuable copper from shredded end-of-life vehicles and appliances are disclosed. The system utilizes a pair of conveyor belts; one for de-watering and removing most of the plastic and glass particles and a second below the first for separating the copper wire bits. The second conveyor belt has a belt with a particular tooth pattern and material softness, and is set at a slight uphill incline angle. Water is delivered from the top down the slope and the belt successfully transports mostly just copper up and over a top edge to a collection bin. A cascading series of pairs of conveyors may be used to ensure nearly complete recovery of the copper. A secondary copper recovery conveyor having a field of nails or spikes may be added subsequent to the last primary conveyor for enhanced yield of copper wire.
1. A separator system for separating copper from shredded waste, comprising:
a macro separator configured to perform an initial segregation of lighter material from heavier material in a stream of shredded waste, the macro separator comprising a rotating conveyor belt inclined at an upward angle and having at least one water jet being aimed at an upper end of the conveyor belt to cause a downward flow of water over the top of the conveyor belt; and
a copper recovery sluice conveyor disposed below the macro separator and positioned to receive material dropped from an upper end of the macro separator, the sluice conveyor including a solid sluice conveyor belt inclined at an upward angle, wherein the sluice conveyor belt is rotated by a motor so that a top surface moves upward along the upward angle, the sluice conveyor belt being formed of a planar base and a series of distributed wedge-shaped cleats projecting upward therefrom that carry heavier material including copper over an upper end of the sluice conveyor belt, wherein the wedge-shaped elements project upward from the planar base with a tall leading end tapering downward to a trailing end at the level of the planar base, and at least one water jet being aimed at an upper end of the sluice conveyor belt to cause a constant flow of water downward over the top of the sluice conveyor belt and wash lighter material over a lower end of the sluice conveyor belt.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the cleats are arranged in linear rows extending laterally across the sluice conveyor belt, and wherein cleats in any one row are laterally offset from cleats in adjacent rows.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the material of the sluice conveyor belt is 2-ply polyester fabric with a PVC top coat molded to define the cleats.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sluice conveyor is adjustably mounted such that the upward angle is adjustable.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein there is one macro separator associated with and placed above each sluice conveyor in the system and positioned to drop heavier material onto a mid-point of the associated sluice conveyor, and each sluice conveyor is positioned over a next lower macro separator to drop lighter material onto a mid-point of the next lower macro separator, and wherein each pair of one macro separator and one sluice conveyor is mounted in a framework to form a modular unit, and wherein a plurality of modular units are stacked on top of each other.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sluice conveyor is inclined between 0-15°, and the macro separator conveyor belt is inclined between 0-4°.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein there are at least two copper recovery sluice conveyors disposed below the macro separator.
8. The system of claim 1 , further including a secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor located just below an upper end of the sluice conveyor such that heavier material including copper over an upper end of the sluice conveyor belt falls downward onto the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor, wherein the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor is tilted at an angle θ which is greater than the angle of the sluice conveyor and has a conveyor belt with a plurality of spikes projecting normally upward from a base.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the rows of spikes are spaced apart in a longitudinal direction by between 2-6 inches, and the spikes in each row are laterally spaced apart by a distance of between 2-6 inches.
10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the spikes are nails having a length between 2-4 inches and hammered through from a backside of a smooth elastomeric base.
11. A separator system for separating copper from shredded waste, comprising:
a macro separator configured to perform an initial segregation of lighter material from heavier material in a stream of shredded waste, the macro separator comprising a rotating conveyor belt inclined at an upward angle and having at least one water jet being aimed at an upper end of the conveyor belt to cause a downward flow of water over the top of the conveyor belt;
a copper recovery sluice conveyor disposed below the macro separator and positioned to receive material dropped from an upper end of the macro separator, the sluice conveyor including a solid sluice conveyor belt inclined at an upward angle, wherein the sluice conveyor belt is rotated by a motor so that a top surface moves upward along the upward angle, and at least one water jet being aimed at an upper end of the sluice conveyor belt to cause a constant flow of water downward over the top of the sluice conveyor belt and wash lighter material over a lower end of the sluice conveyor belt; and
a secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor located just below an upper end of the sluice conveyor such that heavier material including copper over an upper end of the sluice conveyor belt falls downward onto the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor, wherein the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor is tilted at an angle θ which is greater than the angle of the sluice conveyor and has a conveyor belt with a plurality of spikes projecting normally upward from a base.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the rows of spikes are spaced apart in a longitudinal direction by between 2-6 inches, and the spikes in each row are laterally spaced apart by a distance of between 2-6 inches.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the spikes are nails hammered from an underside of the base each having a length between 2-4 inches.
14. The system of claim 11 , wherein the sluice conveyor belt moves at a belt speed of between about 50-100 feet/minute, and the belt of the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor moves at a greater speed than the sluice conveyor belt.
15. The system of claim 11 , wherein both the sluice conveyor belt and the belt of the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor are formed of a planar base and a series of distributed wedge-shaped cleats projecting upward therefrom that carry heavier material including copper over an upper end of the sluice conveyor belt, wherein the wedge-shaped elements project upward from the planar base with a tall leading end tapering downward to a trailing end at the level of the planar base.
16. The system of claim 15 , wherein the material of the sluice conveyor belt is 2-ply polyester fabric with a PVC top coat molded to define the cleats.
17. The system of claim 11 , wherein the macro separator conveyor belt is inclined between 0-4°, the sluice conveyor is inclined between 0-15°, and the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor 45-75°.
18. The system of claim 17 , wherein the sluice conveyor is adjustably mounted such that the upward angle is adjustable.
19. The system of claim 11 , wherein the material of the belt of the secondary copper recovery sluice conveyor is a smooth elastomer.
20. The system of claim 11 , wherein there are at least two copper recovery sluice conveyors disposed below the macro separator.