Delivery of a high volume of floating systems for wind
Delivery of a high volume of floating systems for wind turbines can make floating wind economic. The delivery can involve the standard design of sections, such as “tubes” or “cans,” comprising a rolled plate and ring stiffeners. The delivery can then involve the transportation of the sections in block to an assembly site that is closer to the planned installation point. The sections are used to manufacture floating vessels, such as semi-submersibles, buoyant towers, and/or spars, at the assembly site, which can include a barge with cranes. For semi-submersibles, the delivery can then involve the installation of the Tower, the nacelle, and blades using the barge cranes. Alternatively, for spars or buoyant towers, the nacelle and blades can be installed at an off-shore location using a platform, such as a standard jack-up vessel or a crane jacket.
1. A method of installing and running a wind farm, the method comprising:
constructing a floating vessel by welding together a plurality of sections, each of the sections including a cylindrical plate and a stiffening ring welded inside the cylindrical plate, and two bulkheads;
towing the floating vessel to a platform located at a first location, wherein the first location is off-shore;
mounting a nacelle and blades on the floating vessel while the floating vessel is secured to the platform, the nacelle including a turbine;
towing the floating vessel, the nacelle, and the blades vertically to a second off-shore location different from the first location;
providing an off-shore substation on the platform;
collecting power generated by the turbine via a submarine cable connected to the off-shore substation; and
exporting the power generated by the turbine through another submarine cable.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein constructing the floating vessel is performed at least partially onshore in a shipyard, port, or at a quayside.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein constructing the floating vessel is performed at least partially on a barge located inshore.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the floating vessel comprises one of a spar, a floating tower, and a semi-submersible.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising connecting a tower to the floating vessel prior to towing the floating vessel to the platform.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising connecting a tower to the floating vessel before upending the floating vessel at the first location.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising collecting power generated by a plurality of turbines via a plurality of submarine cables connected to the off-shore substation.
8. A method of installing and running a wind farm, the method comprising:
towing a floating vessel of the off-shore wind turbine system;
securing the floating vessel to a platform located at a first off-shore location;
lowering the floating vessel so that the floating vessel connects to an installation base provided on a seafloor adjacent to the first off-shore location;
mounting a nacelle and blades on the floating vessel while the floating vessel is secured to the platform;
disconnecting the floating vessel from the installation base after the nacelle and the blades are mounted on the floating vessel to raise the floating vessel, the nacelle, and the blades;
providing an off-shore substation on the platform;
collecting power generated by the turbine via a submarine cable connected to the off-shore substation; and
exporting the power generated by the turbine through another submarine cable.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein lowering the floating vessel includes introducing a solid ballast material into the floating vessel.
10. The method of claim 8 wherein the floating vessel comprises a spar, a buoyant tower, or an equivalent thereof, and wherein the floating vessel is towed horizontally to the first off-shore location.
11. The method of claim 10 further comprising upending the floating vessel at the first off-shore location.
12. The method of claim 11 further comprising connecting a tower to the floating vessel prior to towing the floating vessel of the off-shore wind turbine system to the first off-shore location.
13. The method of claim 11 further comprising connecting a tower to the floating vessel after upending the floating vessel at the first off-shore location.
14. The method of claim 11 further comprising connecting a tower to the floating vessel before upending the floating vessel at the first off-shore location.
15. The method of claim 11 wherein the floating vessel includes an air over water ballast tank, and wherein upending the floating vessel includes flowing seawater into the air over water ballast tank or flooding the air over ballast tank with seawater.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein disconnecting the floating vessel from the installation base comprises pumping compressed air into the floating vessel.
17. The method of claim 10 wherein the platform structure includes a fork having two prongs, a bumper located between the two prongs, and a pulling system configured to pull the floating vessel against the bumper.
18. The method of claim 17 wherein the fork having two prongs includes a cowcatcher.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein the platform includes a fixed jacket structure and wherein the fork is coupled to the fixed jacket structure or the platform.
20. The method of claim 8 wherein the floating vessel comprises a semi-submersible or an equivalent thereof.
21. The method of claim 20 further comprising mounting a tower on the floating vessel while the floating vessel is secured to the platform and prior to mounting the nacelle and the blades on the floating vessel.