Flyback power converter and control method thereof
A flyback power converter includes a transformer, a voltage clamping circuit, a main switch element and a control circuit. The voltage clamping circuit includes a first capacitor and a clamping switch element. The first capacitor is electrically connected with a primary winding of the transformer. The clamping switch element is electrically connected between the capacitor and the primary winding. The control circuit detects a capacitor voltage of the first capacitor and a current flowing through the clamping switch element. If the capacitor voltage is greater than a reference voltage, the clamping switch element is turned on. If the capacitor voltage is not greater than the reference voltage and the current flowing through the clamping switch element is lower than a reference current value, the clamping switch element is turned off.
1 . A control method for a flyback power converter, the control method comprising steps of:
(a) providing the flyback power converter, wherein the flyback power converter comprises a transformer, a voltage clamping circuit, a main switch element and a control circuit, the voltage clamping circuit comprises a first capacitor and a clamping switch element, a first terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected with a first terminal of a primary winding of the transformer, a first terminal of the clamping switch element is electrically connected with a second terminal of the primary winding, a second terminal of the clamping switch element is electrically connected with a second terminal of the first capacitor, and a first terminal of the main switch element and the first terminal of the clamping switch element are electrically connected with the second terminal of the primary winding;
(b) the control circuit detecting a capacitor voltage between the second terminal and the first terminal of the first capacitor and detecting a current flowing through the clamping switch element, wherein the first terminal of the first capacitor is a negative terminal, the second terminal of the first capacitor is a positive terminal, and a direction of the current flowing from the first terminal of the clamping switch element to the second terminal of the clamping switch element is defined as a forward direction;
(c) the control circuit determining whether the capacitor voltage is greater than a reference voltage, wherein when the capacitor voltage is greater than the reference voltage, the clamping switch element is turned on, and then a step (d) is conducted, wherein when the capacitor voltage is not greater than the reference voltage, the control method returns to conduct the step (b) again;
(d) the control circuit determining whether the capacitor voltage is lower than or equal to the reference voltage, wherein when the capacitor voltage is lower than or equal to the reference voltage, a step (e) is conducted, wherein when the capacitor voltage is greater than the reference voltage, the step (d) is conducted again;
(e) the control circuit determining whether the current flowing through the clamping switch element is lower than a reference current value, wherein when the current flowing through the clamping switch element is lower than the reference current value, a step (f) is conducted, wherein when the current flowing through the clamping switch element is not lower than the reference current value, the control method returns to conduct the step (d) again; and
(f) turning off the clamping switch element under control of the control circuit.
2 . The control method according to claim 1 , wherein the reference voltage is greater than a product of a transformation ratio of the transformer and an output voltage of the flyback power converter, and the reference voltage is less than 1.5 times the product of the transformation ratio of the transformer and the output voltage of the flyback power converter.
3 . The control method according to claim 1 , wherein the reference current value is zero or a negative value.
4 . The control method according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit is an IC chip.
5 . The control method according to claim 1 , wherein the control circuit comprises a first pin, a second pin, a third pin and a fourth pin, wherein the first pin is electrically connected with the first terminal of the first capacitor, the second pin is electrically connected with the second terminal of the first capacitor and the second terminal of the clamping switch element, the third pin is electrically connected with a control terminal of the clamping switch element, and the fourth pin is electrically connected with the first terminal of the clamping switch element.
6 . The control method according to claim 5 , wherein the flyback power converter further comprises a bootstrap circuit, wherein the bootstrap circuit comprises a diode and a bootstrap capacitor, an anode of the diode is electrically connected with a voltage source, and a cathode of the diode is electrically connected with the bootstrap capacitor in series.
7 . The control method according to claim 1 , wherein a gate-source charge (Qgs) of the clamping switch element is lower than 10 nC.
8 . The control method according to claim 1 , wherein the reverse recovery time of a body diode of the clamping switch element is lower than 100 ns.
9 . A flyback power converter, comprising:
a transformer comprising a primary winding and a secondary winding;
a main switch element comprising a first terminal, a second terminal and a control terminal, wherein the first terminal of the main switch element is electrically connected with a second terminal of the primary winding;
a voltage clamping circuit comprising a first capacitor and a clamping switch element, wherein a first terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected with a first terminal of the primary winding, a first terminal of the clamping switch element is electrically connected with the second terminal of the primary winding, and a second terminal of the clamping switch element is electrically connected with a second terminal of the first capacitor; and
a control circuit detecting a capacitor voltage of the first capacitor and a current flowing through the clamping switch element,
wherein when the capacitor voltage is greater than a reference voltage, the clamping switch element is turned on under control of the control circuit,
wherein after the clamping switch element is turned on, when the capacitor voltage is lower than or equal to the reference voltage and the current flowing through the clamping switch element is lower than a reference current value, the clamping switch element is turned off under control of the control circuit.
10 . The flyback power converter according to claim 9 , wherein the reference voltage is greater than a product of a transformation ratio of the transformer and an output voltage of the flyback power converter, and the reference voltage is less than 1.5 times the product of the transformation ratio of the transformer and the output voltage of the flyback power converter.
11 . The flyback power converter according to claim 9 , wherein the reference current value is zero or a negative value.
12 . The flyback power converter according to claim 9 , wherein the control circuit is an IC chip.
13 . The flyback power converter according to claim 9 , wherein the control circuit comprises a first pin, a second pin, a third pin and a fourth pin, wherein the first pin is electrically connected with the first terminal of the first capacitor, the second pin is electrically connected with the second terminal of the first capacitor and the second terminal of the clamping switch element, the third pin is electrically connected with a control terminal of the clamping switch element, and the fourth pin is electrically connected with the first terminal of the clamping switch element.
14 . The flyback power converter according to claim 13 , wherein the flyback power converter further comprises a bootstrap circuit, wherein the bootstrap circuit comprises a diode and a bootstrap capacitor, an anode of the diode is electrically connected with a voltage source, and a cathode of the diode is electrically connected with the bootstrap capacitor in series.
15 . The flyback power converter according to claim 9 , wherein a gate-source charge (Qgs) of the clamping switch element is lower than 10 nC.
16 . The flyback power converter according to claim 9 , wherein the reverse recovery time of a body diode of the clamping switch element is lower than 100 ns.