IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,515,523
Granted Patent B2
US 12,515,523 · App. 18/452,053 · Granted Jan 6, 2026

Systems and methods for vehicle indicator for hitchless towing

Inventors: Shaurya Panthri (Ann Arbor, MI); Christopher A. Ferone (Ann Arbor, MI)
Assignees: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.; Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha
B60K35/28B60W30/165B60W40/105B60W50/14B60W60/001B60K35/23B60K2360/177B60K2360/178B60W2050/146B60W2300/14B60W2554/80
View Patent ↗
Loading inventors, assignments & file history…
Monitor This Case
Get email alerts when status or documents change.
Order Certified Copies
Most orders are placed with the USPTO same day — all within 24 business hours.
Order via The Patent Place →
Pre-filled with this patent's details
Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,515,523
App. No.
18/452,053
Granted
Jan 6, 2026
Kind
B2
Abstract

Systems, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to influencing control of a vehicle to improve hitchless towing. In one embodiment, a method includes detecting a current condition associated with a lead vehicle and a following vehicle. The method includes, responsive to determining that the current condition satisfies an adjustment threshold for modifying a behavior of at least one of the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, determining a vehicle action associated with the current condition. The method includes providing an output according to the vehicle action.

Claims (35)

1 . A warning system comprising:

a processor; and

a memory communicably coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to:

detect a current condition associated with a lead vehicle and a following vehicle;

responsive to determining that the current condition satisfies an adjustment threshold for modifying a behavior of the lead vehicle, determine a vehicle action associated with the current condition; and

provide an output according to the vehicle action including instructions to generate an augmented reality depiction of a virtual vehicle that is performing a maneuver to influence a control behavior of the lead vehicle in relation to improving hitchless towing of the following vehicle, the maneuver including at least one of braking to portray a reduction in distance from the lead vehicle, steering toward a side of a roadway, and accelerating away from the lead vehicle to cause a driver controlling the lead vehicle to control the lead vehicle responsive to the output.

2 . The warning system of claim 1 , wherein the lead vehicle is performing hitchless towing for the following vehicle.

3 . The warning system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions to detect the current condition include instructions to analyze sensor data to identify at least a distance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, and a relative speed between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle.

4 . The warning system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions to determine that the current condition satisfies the adjustment threshold include instructions to identify that the current condition exceeds a maximum or a minimum distance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle or identifying that a relative speed is outside of a defined range.

5 . The warning system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions to determine the vehicle action include instructions to determine a vehicle control that adjusts the current condition to within a defined behavior for hitchless towing of the following vehicle.

6 . The warning system of claim 5 , wherein the instructions to provide the output include instructions to generate a display of a virtual vehicle to induce the vehicle control and cause the defined behavior that improves the hitchless towing.

7 . The warning system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions to determine the vehicle action include instructions to select the vehicle action to correct a variance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, and

wherein the instructions to provide the output include instructions to generate the virtual vehicle to induce the vehicle action in the lead vehicle.

8 . The warning system of claim 1 , wherein the following vehicle is a hitchless trailer that is controlled autonomously to follow the lead vehicle.

9 . A non-transitory computer-readable medium including instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to:

detect a current condition associated with a lead vehicle and a following vehicle;

responsive to determining that the current condition satisfies an adjustment threshold for modifying a behavior of the lead vehicle, determine a vehicle action associated with the current condition; and

provide an output according to the vehicle action including instructions to generate an augmented reality depiction of a virtual vehicle that is performing a maneuver to influence a control behavior of the lead vehicle in relation to improving hitchless towing of the following vehicle, the maneuver including at least one of braking to portray a reduction in distance from the lead vehicle, steering toward a side of a roadway, and accelerating away from the lead vehicle to cause a driver controlling the lead vehicle to control the lead vehicle responsive to the output.

10 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9 , wherein the lead vehicle is performing hitchless towing for the following vehicle.

11 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9 , wherein the instructions to detect the current condition include instructions to analyze sensor data to identify at least a distance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, and a relative speed between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle.

12 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9 , wherein the instructions to determine that the current condition satisfies the adjustment threshold include instructions to identify that the current condition exceeds a maximum or a minimum distance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle or identifying that a relative speed is outside of a defined range.

13 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9 , wherein the instructions to determine the vehicle action include instructions to determine a vehicle control that adjusts the current condition to within a defined behavior for hitchless towing of the following vehicle.

14 . A method, comprising:

detecting a current condition associated with a lead vehicle and a following vehicle;

responsive to determining that the current condition satisfies an adjustment threshold for modifying a behavior of at least one of the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, determining a vehicle action associated with the current condition; and

detecting a current condition associated with a lead vehicle and a following vehicle;

responsive to determining that the current condition satisfies an adjustment threshold for modifying a behavior of the lead vehicle, determining a vehicle action associated with the current condition; and

providing an output according to the vehicle action including generating an augmented reality depiction of a virtual vehicle that is performing a maneuver to influence a control behavior of the lead vehicle in relation to improving hitchless towing of the following vehicle, the maneuver including at least one of braking to portray a reduction in distance from the lead vehicle, steering toward a side of a roadway, and accelerating away from the lead vehicle to cause a driver controlling the lead vehicle to control the lead vehicle responsive to the output.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the lead vehicle is performing hitchless towing for the following vehicle.

16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein detecting the current condition includes analyzing sensor data to identify at least a distance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, and a relative speed between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle.

17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein determining that the current condition satisfies the adjustment threshold includes identifying that the current condition exceeds a maximum or a minimum distance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle or identifying that a relative speed is outside of a defined range.

18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein determining the vehicle action includes determining a vehicle control that adjusts the current condition to within a defined behavior for hitchless towing of the following vehicle.

19 . The method of claim 18 , wherein providing the output includes generating a display of a virtual vehicle to induce the vehicle control and cause the defined behavior that improves the hitchless towing.

20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein determining the vehicle action includes selecting the vehicle action to correct a variance between the lead vehicle and the following vehicle, and

wherein providing the output includes generating the virtual vehicle to induce the vehicle action in the lead vehicle.

Assignments (2)
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Apr 17, 2026
From: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA
To: TOYOTA MOTOR ENGINEERING & MANUFACTURING NORTH AMERICA, INC.
Reel/Frame 074397/0610 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded Aug 22, 2023
From: PANTHRI, SHAURYA; FERONE, CHRISTOPHER A.
To: TOYOTA MOTOR ENGINEERING & MANUFACTURING NORTH AMERICA, INC.; TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Reel/Frame 064666/0808 →
Continuity (1)
Related Publication 20250058788A1 · Feb 20, 2025
References Cited (16)
US 9251715B2 · Hing et al. · 2016 [cited by applicant]
US 10281721B2 · Bhalla · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10423834B2 · Badalamenti et al. · 2019 [cited by applicant]
US 10839217B2 · Badalamenti et al. · 2020 [cited by applicant]
US 10977956B1 · Madison et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11055924B2 · Navarro et al. · 2021 [cited by applicant]
US 11304071B2 · Cookman et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11501657B2 · Madison et al. · 2022 [cited by applicant]
US 11624630B2 · Robeson et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 11630302B1 · Weiss et al. · 2023 [cited by applicant]
US 20160071418A1 · Oshida · 2016 [cited by examiner]
US 20170287217A1 · Kim · 2017 [cited by examiner]
US 20220308577A1 · Pasch · 2022 [cited by examiner]
US 20230054037A1 · Switkes · 2023 [cited by examiner]
Schwarz, et al. “Augmented reality warnings in vehicles: Effects of modality and specificity on effectiveness”, Accident Analysis & Prevention, vol. 101, 2017. [cited by applicant]
Kettle, et al. “Augmented Reality for Vehicle-Driver Communication: A Systematic Review”, Safety 8.4 (2022): 84. [cited by applicant]