Granted Patent B2

US 12,520,070 · App. 18/452,983 · Granted Jan 6, 2026

Inventors: Jian Li (Waltham, MA); Han Su (Ann Arbor, MI)

Assignee: FutureWei Technologies, Inc.

H04R1/1016H04R1/1041H04R1/1058H04R2201/10H04R2460/11

Abstract

Claims (46)

1 . An in-ear electronic device, comprising:

a housing shaped to be inserted into an ear canal of a human;

a set of electrodes configured to be in contact with the human when the housing is inserted into the ear canal, the set of electrodes configured to sense at least one electrical signal;

an antenna;

a radio frequency (RF) transceiver coupled to the antenna, the RF transceiver comprising a receiver, an active transmitter, and a passive backscatter transmitter, wherein the receiver is configured to receive RF signals on the antenna, the received RF signals carrying audio signals;

an audio transducer configured to play the audio signals into the ear canal when the housing is inserted into the ear canal; and

a processor coupled to the RF transceiver, the audio transducer, and the set of electrodes, wherein the processor is configured to:

provide an audio signal to the audio transducer based on an input RF signal received on the antenna, wherein the audio transducer plays the audio signal into the ear canal;

form an output signal based on the at least one electrical signal from the set of electrodes;

determine whether a magnitude of the RF signal is above a threshold; and

select the active transmitter or the passive backscatter transmitter to transmit the output signal based on the determination;

wherein in response that the magnitude of the RF signal is above the threshold, the passive backscatter transmitter is selected to passively backscatter the input RF signal on the antenna by modulating a reflection of the input RF signal with the output signal to wirelessly transmit the output signal; and

wherein in response that the magnitude of the RF signal is less than the threshold, the active transmitter is selected to modulate a carrier wave with the output signal to wirelessly transmit the output signal.

2 . The in-ear electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

process the at least one electrical signal to determine an actuation signal; and

include the actuation signal in the output signal.

3 . The in-ear electronic device of claim 2 , wherein the processor is configured to determine the actuation signal by analyzing the at least one electrical signal and an actuation table, wherein the actuation table includes bio-potential patterns of electrical signals and corresponding actions.

4 . The in-ear electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to include the at least one electrical signal in the output signal.

5 . The in-ear electronic device of claim 4 , wherein the at least one electrical signal comprises an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal.

6 . The in-ear electronic device of claim 4 , wherein the at least one electrical signal comprises an electromyogram (EMG) signal.

7 . A system, comprising:

a target electronic device comprising a radio frequency (RF) transceiver; and

an in-ear electronic device having a housing configured to fit within an ear canal of a human, wherein the in-ear electronic device comprises:

a set of electrodes comprising a reference electrode and at least one sensing electrode, wherein the set of electrodes is configured to sense one or more electrical signals from the ear canal;

an antenna;

an RF transceiver comprising a receiver, an active transmitter, and a passive backscatter transmitter, wherein the receiver is configured to receive an input RF signal on the antenna from the target electronic device, the input RF signal carrying audio signals;

an audio-transducer located on the housing such that the audio-transducer resides in the ear canal when the housing is inserted into the ear canal; and

a processor coupled to the set of electrodes to receive the one or more electrical signals, the processor coupled to the RF transceiver to receive the audio signal, and the processor coupled to the audio transducer, wherein the processor is configured to:

drive the audio-transducer with the audio signal from the RF transceiver;

form an output signal based on the one or more electrical signals from the set of electrodes;

determine whether a magnitude of the RF signal is above a threshold; and

select the active transmitter or the passive backscatter transmitter to transmit the output signal based on the determination;

wherein in response that the magnitude of the RF signal is above the threshold, the passive backscatter transmitter is selected to passively backscatter the input RF signal on the antenna by modulating a reflection of the input RF signal with the output signal to wirelessly transmit the output signal; and

wherein in response that the magnitude of the RF signal is less than the threshold, the active transmitter is selected to modulate a carrier wave with the output signal to wirelessly transmit the output signal.

8 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the processor is configured to:

process the one or more electrical signals to determine an actuation signal; and

include the actuation signal in the output signal.

9 . The system of claim 8 , wherein the target electronic device is configured to:

receive the passively backscattered input RF signal having the actuation signal; and

respond to the actuation signal to perform an action at the target electronic device.

10 . The system of claim 8 , wherein the processor is configured to determine the actuation signal by analyzing the at least one electrical signal and an actuation table, wherein the actuation table includes bio-potential patterns of electrical signals and corresponding actions.

11 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the processor is configured include the one or more electrical signals in the output signal.

12 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the processor is further configured to:

schedule operations to determine an actuation signal that is based on the one or more electrical signals;

perform operations that are scheduled for the in-ear electronic device; and

instruct the target electronic device to perform operations that are scheduled for the target device.

Assignments (2)

Continuity (2)

References Cited (21)