Methods of making a reinforcement part and reinforcing a vehicle
A method of making a reinforcement part for a vehicle includes applying a release film directly onto a surface of the vehicle, applying a first metallic layer directly or indirectly onto the release film, applying a curable bonding layer directly onto the first metallic layer, and applying a second metallic layer directly onto the curable bonding layer. The method also includes applying pressure to the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer so that the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer are compressed against the surface. The method further includes curing the curable bonding layer when pressure is applied to the curable bonding layer to form the reinforcement part. The method additionally includes, after curing the curable bonding layer, removing the reinforcement part from the surface.
1. A method of making a reinforcement part for a vehicle, the method comprising:
applying a release film directly onto a surface of the vehicle so that the release film conforms to a shape of the surface;
applying a first metallic layer directly or indirectly onto the release film so that the first metallic layer conforms to the shape of the surface;
applying a curable bonding layer directly onto the first metallic layer so that the curable bonding layer conforms to the shape of the surface;
applying a second metallic layer directly onto the curable bonding layer so that the curable bonding layer is interposed between the first metallic layer and the second metallic layer, and so that the second metallic layer conforms to the shape of the surface;
applying pressure to the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer so that the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer are compressed against the surface;
curing the curable bonding layer when pressure is applied to the curable bonding layer to form the reinforcement part; and
after curing the curable bonding layer, removing the reinforcement part from the surface.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the curable bonding layer comprises a fiber-reinforced polymeric layer.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein:
the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer comprises a prepreg material; and
curing the curable bonding layer comprises heating the prepreg material.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein heating the prepreg material comprises applying a heating blanket over the first metallic layer, the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer, and the second metallic layer and activating the heating blanket.
5. The method according to claim 2 , wherein:
the curable bonding layer comprises a dry fiber sheet infused with liquid resin; and
applying the curable bonding layer comprises applying the dry fiber sheet directly onto the first metallic layer and infusing liquid resin into the dry fiber sheet when the dry fiber sheet is applied onto the first metallic layer.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the liquid resin is cured at room temperature.
7. The method according to claim 6 , further comprising curing the fiber-reinforced polymer layer at a temperature greater than room temperature after the reinforcement part is removed from the surface.
8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein infusing the liquid resin into the dry fiber sheet comprises:
applying a vacuum bag over the first metallic layer, the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer, and the second metallic layer;
sealing the vacuum bag to the surface so that the first metallic layer, the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer, and the second metallic layer are sealed within a cavity defined between the vacuum bag and the surface; and
reducing the pressure within the cavity.
9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein:
curing the curable bonding layer comprises applying a heating blanket over the vacuum bag, the first metallic layer, the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer, and the second metallic layer; and
applying pressure to the first metallic layer, the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer, and the second metallic layer comprises:
applying a second vacuum bag over the heating blanket, the vacuum bag, the first metallic layer, the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer, and the second metallic layer;
sealing the second vacuum bag to the surface so that the heating blanket, the vacuum bag, the first metallic layer, the fiber-reinforced polymeric layer, and the second metallic layer are sealed within a second cavity defined between the second vacuum bag and the surface; and
reducing the pressure within the second cavity.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein applying pressure to the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer comprises:
applying a vacuum bag over the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer;
sealing the vacuum bag to the surface so that the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer are sealed within a cavity defined between the vacuum bag and the surface; and
reducing the pressure within the cavity.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the curable bonding layer consists of a non-fibrous adhesive layer.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the curable bonding layer comprises:
a first non-fibrous adhesive layer;
a second non-fibrous adhesive layer; and
a fiber-reinforced polymeric layer interposed between the first non-fibrous adhesive layer and the second non-fibrous adhesive layer.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each one of the first metallic layer and the second metallic layer has a thickness between, and inclusive of, 0.01 inches and 0.04 inches.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the shape of the surface, to which the release film, the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer is conformed, is non-planar.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
the vehicle is an aircraft; and
the surface is an exterior surface of a skin of the aircraft.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein one of:
the first metallic layer is applied directly onto the release film; or
the method further comprises applying a second curable bonding layer directly onto the release film so that the second curable bonding layer conforms to the shape of the surface, and the first metallic layer is applied directly onto the second curable bonding layer.
17. A method of reinforcing a vehicle, the method comprising:
applying a release film directly onto a surface of the vehicle so that the release film conforms to a shape of the surface;
applying a first metallic layer directly or indirectly onto the release film so that the first metallic layer conforms to the shape of the surface;
applying a curable bonding layer directly onto the first metallic layer so that the curable bonding layer conforms to the shape of the surface;
applying a second metallic layer directly onto the curable bonding layer so that the curable bonding layer is interposed between the first metallic layer and the second metallic layer, and so that the second metallic layer conforms to the shape of the surface;
applying pressure to the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer so that the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer are compressed against the surface;
curing the curable bonding layer when pressure is applied to the curable bonding layer to form a reinforcement part comprising the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer;
after curing the curable bonding layer, removing the reinforcement part from the surface and removing the release film from the surface; and
after removing the reinforcement part and the release film from the surface, attaching the reinforcement part to the surface.
18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein:
the release film is applied directly onto a first portion of the surface over damage to or adjacent a feature of the first portion of the surface;
the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer conform to the shape of the first portion of the surface; and
the reinforcement part is attached to the first portion of the surface over the damage to or adjacent the feature of the first portion of the surface.
19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein:
the release film is applied directly onto a first portion of the surface;
the first metallic layer, the curable bonding layer, and the second metallic layer conform to the shape of the first portion of the surface;
the reinforcement part is attached to a second portion of the surface over damage to or adjacent a feature of a second portion of the surface that is spaced from the first portion of the surface; and
the first portion of the surface has a contour that matches a contour of the second portion of the surface.
20. The method according to claim 17 , wherein attaching the reinforcement part to the surface comprises bonding the reinforcement part to the surface.
21. The method according to claim 20 , wherein attaching the reinforcement part to the surface further comprises bolting the reinforcement part to the surface.
22. The method according to claim 17 , wherein attaching the reinforcement part to the surface comprises bolting the reinforcement part to the surface.