Methods of forming articles including microchannels therein, and related articles
A method of forming an article comprises forming a feed material around one or more shapeholders and sintering the feed material and the one or more shapeholders to form a sintered article comprising the one or more shapeholders in a base material. The sintered article is exposed to a solvent to remove the one or more shapeholders from the base material. Additional methods are disclosed, as well as articles including one or more microchannels exhibiting a diameter of from about 5 μm to about 10 mm.
1. A method of forming an article, comprising:
forming a feed material around one or more shapeholders;
sintering the feed material and the one or more shapeholders to form a sintered article comprising the one or more shapeholders in a base material; and
exposing the sintered article to a solvent to remove the one or more shapeholders from the base material.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming a feed material around one or more shapeholders comprises substantially surrounding the one or more shapeholders with the feed material.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming a feed material around one or more shapeholders comprises forming a feed material comprising a refractory metal around the one or more shapeholders, the one or more shapeholders comprising a metal oxide.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein sintering the feed material and the one or more shapeholders comprises co-sintering the feed material and the one or more shapeholders at a temperature less than or equal to about 30% of a melting temperature of the feed material.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein exposing the sintered article to a solvent to remove the one or more shapeholders comprises exposing the sintered article to a non- aqueous solvent.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein exposing the sintered article to a solvent to remove the one or more shapeholders comprises exposing the sintered article to an ionic liquid comprising 1-methylimidazolium triflate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethylimidazolium triflate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate, or a combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein exposing the sintered article to a solvent to remove the one or more shapeholders from the base material comprises forming one or more microchannels in the base material.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein forming one or more microchannels in the base material comprises forming the one or more microchannels corresponding to a negative image of the one or more shapeholders in the base material.
9. The method of claim 7 , further comprising depositing a coating within the one or more microchannels.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein depositing a coating within one or more microchannels comprises redepositing a material of the one or more shapeholders within the one or more microchannels.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein depositing a coating within the one or more microchannels comprises exposing the one or more channels to another solvent.
12. A method of forming a channeled article, comprising:
forming one or more shapeholders by additive manufacturing;
forming a feed material around the one or more shapeholders;
applying one or more of pressure or electrical current to the feed material and the one or more shapeholders to form a sintered article comprising the one or more shapeholders within a base material; and
exposing the sintered article to an ionic liquid to remove the one or more shapeholders from the base material to form one or more microchannels in the base material, the one or more microchannels corresponding to a negative image of the one or more shapeholders.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein applying one or more of pressure or electrical current to the feed material and the one or more shapeholders to form a sintered article comprises applying one or more of pressure or electrical current across the feed material and the one or more shapeholders.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein applying one or more of pressure or electrical current to the feed material and the one or more shapeholders to form a sintered article comprises co-sintering the feed material and the one or more shapeholders in a die assembly of a sintering assembly.
15. The method of claim 12 , wherein exposing the sintered article to an ionic liquid to form one or more microchannels in the base material comprises substantially completely removing the one or more shapeholders from the base material.
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein exposing the sintered article to an ionic liquid to form one or more microchannels in the base material comprises selectively removing the one or more shapeholders from the base material.
17. The method of claim 12 , further comprising exposing the channeled article to a solvent to form a coating on an internal surface of the one or more microchannels.