Closed loop print process adjustment based on real time feedback
In some embodiments, the techniques described herein relate to photoreactive 3D printing systems and methods. The 3D printing system can include: a moveable print platform; a resin tub with a membrane; resin contained within the resin tub; an illumination system; a force sensor, and a print recipe including information for layers in a 3D printed part to be built on the print platform. The photoreactive 3D printing system can be configured to: project an image through the membrane into the volume of resin using the illumination system; move the print platform in a z-direction; measure a force on the print platform using the force sensor, and update a print platform movement in the print recipe during a printing run based on the force on the print platform.
1. A method, comprising:
providing a photoreactive 3D printing system, comprising:
a print platform, wherein the print platform is moveable;
a resin tub, wherein the resin tub comprises a membrane;
a volume of resin contained within the resin tub;
an illumination system; a force sensor; and
a print recipe comprising information for layers in a 3D printed part to be built on the print platform;
projecting an image through the membrane into the volume of resin using the illumination system;
moving the print platform in a z-direction;
measuring a force on the print platform using the force sensor; and
updating a print platform movement in the print recipe during a printing run based on the force on the print platform.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the updating the print platform movement in the print recipe further comprises updating one or more of a print platform position, a print platform velocity, and a print platform acceleration in the print recipe.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system further comprises a resin bulk temperature sensor, and wherein the method further comprises determining a viscosity of the resin using the force sensor and the resin bulk temperature sensor.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system further comprises an elevator system and a z-stage coupled to the elevator system, wherein the elevator system enables the print platform to move in the z-direction through action of the z-stage.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the elevator system comprises elevator arms, wherein the elevator arms are coupled to the print platform, and wherein the force sensor is coupled to the elevator arms.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system further comprises a z-stage position sensor configured to measure a print platform position, and wherein the updating the print platform movement in the print recipe further comprises updating the print platform movement in the print recipe during the printing run based on the print platform position measured by the z-stage position sensor.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system further comprises a resin bulk temperature sensor, and wherein the method further comprises:
determining a viscosity of the resin using the force sensor and the resin bulk temperature sensor; and
updating a maximum acceptable acceleration and a maximum acceptable velocity of the elevator system in the print recipe based on the determined viscosity of the resin.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system further comprises a bulk resin temperature sensor, and wherein the method further comprises:
measuring a resin temperature using the bulk resin temperature sensor; and
changing an operating global energy level in the print recipe in response to the measured resin temperature being different from an expected resin temperature for a given amount of delivered illumination energy.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the operating global energy level in the print recipe is increased in response to the measured resin temperature being less than an expected resin temperature for a given amount of delivered illumination energy.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system further comprises a thermal image sensor configured to measure a temperature distribution of the volume of resin, and wherein the method further comprises updating an illumination energy in the print recipe during the printing run based on the temperature distribution of the volume of resin measured by the thermal image sensor.
11. A photoreactive 3D printing system, comprising:
a print platform, wherein the print platform is moveable;
a resin tub, wherein the resin tub comprises a membrane;
a volume of resin contained within the resin tub;
an illumination system;
a force sensor; and
a print recipe comprising information for layers in a 3D printed part to be built on the print platform;
wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system is configured to:
project an image through the membrane into the volume of resin using the illumination system;
move the print platform in a z-direction;
measure a force on the print platform using the force sensor, and
update a print platform movement in the print recipe during a printing run based on the force on the print platform.
12. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 11 , wherein the updating the print platform movement in the print recipe comprises updating one or more of a print platform position, a print platform velocity, and a print platform acceleration in the print recipe.
13. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 11 , further comprising resin bulk temperature sensor, and wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system is further configured to determine a viscosity of the resin using the force sensor and the resin bulk temperature sensor.
14. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 11 , further comprising an elevator system and a z-stage coupled to the elevator system, wherein the elevator system enables the print platform to move in the z-direction through action of the z-stage.
15. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 14 , wherein the elevator system comprises elevator arms, wherein the elevator arms are coupled to the print platform, and wherein the force sensor is coupled to the elevator arms.
16. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 14 , further comprising a z-stage position sensor configured to measure a print platform position, and wherein the updating the print platform movement in the print recipe further comprises updating the print platform movement in the print recipe during the printing run based on the print platform position measured by the z-stage position sensor.
17. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 14 , further comprising resin bulk temperature sensor, and wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system is further configured to:
determine a viscosity of the resin using the force sensor and the resin bulk temperature sensor; and
update a maximum acceptable acceleration and a maximum acceptable velocity of the elevator system based on the determined viscosity of the resin.
18. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 11 , further comprising a bulk resin temperature sensor, wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system is further configured to:
measure a resin temperature using the bulk resin temperature sensor; and
change an operating global energy level in the print recipe in response to the measured resin temperature being different from an expected resin temperature for a given amount of delivered illumination energy.
19. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 18 , wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system is further configured to increase the operating global energy level in the print recipe in response to the measured resin temperature being less than an expected resin temperature for a given amount of delivered illumination energy.
20. The photoreactive 3D printing system of claim 11 , further comprising a thermal image sensor configured to measure a temperature distribution of the volume of resin, and wherein the photoreactive 3D printing system is further configured to update an illumination energy in the print recipe during the printing run based on the temperature distribution of the volume of resin measured by the thermal image sensor.