Structural reinforcements
A structural reinforcement for an article including a carrier ( 10 ) that includes: (i) a mass of polymeric material ( 12 ) having an outer surface; and (ii) at least one fibrous composite insert ( 14 ) or overlay ( 960 ) having an outer surface and including at least one elongated fiber arrangement (e.g., having a plurality of ordered fibers). The fibrous insert ( 14 ) or overlay ( 960 ) is envisioned to adjoin the mass of the polymeric material in a predetermined location for carrying a predetermined load that is subjected upon the predetermined location (thereby effectively providing localized reinforcement to that predetermined location). The fibrous insert ( 14 ) or overlay ( 960 ) and the mass of polymeric material ( 12 ) are of compatible materials, structures or both, for allowing the fibrous insert or overlay to be at least partially joined to the mass of the polymeric material. Disposed upon at least a portion of the carrier ( 10 ) may be a mass of activatable material ( 126 ). The fibrous insert ( 14 ) or overlay ( 960 ) may include a polymeric matrix.
1. A method of making a composite article comprising the steps of:
a) providing a mass of polymeric material having an outer surface and including a first polymeric material;
b) embedding at least one fibrous composite material, each in the form of an insert or overlay, having an outer surface and including at least one elongated fiber arrangement having a plurality of ordered fibers distributed in a predetermined manner in a second polymeric material;
c) joining the at least one fibrous composite material with the mass of the polymeric material in a predetermined location via pultrusion or molding so that the at least one fibrous composite material is adapted for carrying a predetermined load that is subjected upon the predetermined location; wherein the at least one fibrous composite material insert or overlay and the mass of polymeric material include compatible materials, structures or both, for allowing the at least one fibrous composite material insert or overlay to be at least partially joined to the mass of polymeric material;
d) shaping the mass of polymeric material and the at least one fibrous composite material via the pultrusion or molding;
e) forming the composite article, containing the joined at least one fibrous composite material with the mass of polymeric material, for having a generally continuous profile along its length;
f) extruding a sealant material along a first exterior surface of the composite article, wherein the sealant material is capable of activation for expansion by an external stimulus; and
g) locating a film on a second exterior surface of the composite article, wherein the first and second exterior surfaces of the composite article are opposing surfaces, wherein the film is permanently affixed to the second exterior surface of the composite article and is free of contact with the expandable sealant material prior to any activation of the sealant material.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sealant material is capable of curing to form an adhesive bond to a vehicle cavity.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the second polymeric material is a material that cures upon exposure to heat.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the outer surface of the at least one fibrous composite material is at least partially co-extensive and continuous with the outer surface of the mass of polymeric material.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the composite article has a length of at least about 50 mm long.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the composite article has a length of at least about 100 mm long.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the composite article is adapted to be located in the vehicle cavity.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the mass of polymeric material is a polyurethane-based material.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the at least one fibrous composite material comprises fibers having an average diameter of about 1 to about 50 microns.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the mass of polymeric material has a tensile strength at yield according to ASTM D638-14 of at least 15 MPa.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the at least one fibrous composite material comprises glass fibers.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein an exterior surface of the composite article comprises at least one wall having a wall thickness of at least 1.5 mm.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein an exterior surface of the composite article comprises at least one wall having a wall thickness of at least 5 mm.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fibrous composite material has a void content that is below about 5% as measured by ASTM D2734-09.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fibrous composite material has a void content that is below about 1% as measured by ASTM D2734-09.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein one or both of the mass of polymeric material and the second polymeric material has a glass transition temperature (Tg) below about 200° C.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fibrous composite material has a flexural strength per ASTM D790-10 of at least 450 MPa.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composite article includes a plurality of ribs.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second polymeric material is overmolded onto the mass of polymeric material.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the mass of polymeric material comprises pultruding the mass of polymeric material.