PHOTOCURABLE CONDUCTIVE BLACK COMPOSITION AND A METHOD FOR FORMING A CURED PRODUCT THEREOF
Provided is a photocurable conductive black composition including: (a) at least one (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer; (b) at least one photopolymerizable compound; (c) a photoinitiator; (d) a visible-light blocking system; (e) conductive fillers; and optionally (f) a thermal initiator. Also provided are a method for forming a cured product composed of the photocurable conductive black compositions, and an article comprising the cured product.
1 . A photocurable conductive black composition comprising:
(a) 10-90 parts by weight of at least one (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer;
(b) 90-10 parts by weight of at least one polymerizable compound;
(c) 0.1-10 parts by weight of a photoinitiator;
(d) 0.1-10 parts by weight of a visible-light blocking system; and
(e) 0.1-10 parts by weight of conductive fillers;
wherein
the total amount of the (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer of component (a) and the polymerizable compound of component (b) is 100 parts by weight;
the amounts of component (c), component (d) and component (e) are based on the total amount of the (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer of component (a) and the polymerizable compound of component (b) being 100 parts by weight; and
the photocurable conductive black composition has an average optical density in the visible-light region from 400 nm to 700 nm, referred as OD AVG , being 1.0 or more; an optical density at the wavelength of 365 nm, referred as OD 365 , being 1.9 or less; and the optical density data are obtained by measuring a 30 μm thick cured film composed of the photocurable conductive black composition by a UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy.
2 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of OD AVG to OD 365 of the photocurable conductive black composition is 1.0 or more.
3 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer of component (a) has an average (meth)acrylate functionality of two or more per molecule.
4 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer of component (a) has a viscosity in a range of 5,000 to 400,000 mPa·s at 60° C.
5 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer of component (a) has an oligomeric backbone from the reaction of at least one diisocyanate and at least one polyalkylene glycol.
6 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable compound of component (b) comprises at least one reactive ethylenic unsaturated bond and has a molecular weight of less than 3,000.
7 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerizable compound of component (b) comprises at least one (meth)acrylate functional group and has a molecular weight of less than 3,000.
8 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 7 , wherein the polymerizable compound of component (b) comprises a (meth)acrylate compound, a di(meth)acrylate compound, a poly(meth)acrylate compound, or a combination thereof.
9 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 8 , wherein
the (meth)acrylate compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of butyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, isooctyl (meth)acrylate, 2-propylheptyl (meth)acrylate, isodecyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, tridecyl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, behenyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth)acrylate, cyclic trimethylolpropane formal (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentadienyl (meth)acrylate, dihydrodicyclopentadienyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentenyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, (o-phenylphenoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, nonylphenol (meth)acrylate, 9-anthracenyl methyl (meth)acrylate, 1-pyrenylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol methyl ether (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol methyl ether (meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether (meth)acrylate, ethoxylated phenol (meth)acrylate, ethoxylated nonylphenol (meth)acrylate, ethoxylated neopentyl glycol mono(meth)acrylate, propoxylated neopentyl glycol mono(meth)acrylate, caprolactone (meth)acrylate, 2-(meth)acryloyloxyethyl succinate, 2-(acetoacetoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-(phosphonooxy)propyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(2-phosphonooxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 5-(phosphonooxy)pentyl (meth)acrylate, 6-(phosphonooxy)hexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-[(hydroxymethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-[(ethoxyhydroxyphosphinyl)oxy]ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-[(hydroxypropoxy-phosphinyl)oxy]ethyl (meth)acrylate, and a combination thereof;
the di(meth)acrylate compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,2-ethanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,3-butanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,8-octanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,10-decanediol di(meth)acrylate, polybutadiene di(meth)acrylate, polytetramethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetrapropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, glycerol 1,3-di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated glyceryl di(meth)acrylate, propoxylated glyceryl di(meth)acrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated neopentyl glycol ethoxylate di(meth)acrylate, propoxylated neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A di(meth)acrylate, propoxylated bisphenol A di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated propoxylated bisphenol A di(meth)acrylate, methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate, bis[2-((meth)acryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate, and a combination thereof; and
the poly(meth)acrylate compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, propoxylated trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, glycerin tri(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated glyceryl tri(meth)acrylate, propoxylated glyceryl tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, propoxylated pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetra(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated ditrimethylolpropane tetra(meth)acrylate, propoxylated ditrimethylol-propane tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated dipentaerythritol penta(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, and a combination thereof.
10 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the photoinitiator of component (c) comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylethoxyphenylphosphine oxide, phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, bis(2,6-di-methoxybenzoyl)(2,4,4-tri-methyl-pentyl)phosphine oxide, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, 2-hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-4′-morpholinobutyrophenone, 2-methyl-4′-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone, benzophenone, benzyl dimethyl ketal, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, and a mixture thereof.
11 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the visible-light blocking system of component (d) comprises dyes, pigments, or mixtures thereof.
12 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive fillers of component (e) are in a form of particles, flakes, whiskers, tubes, or wires.
13 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the conductive fillers of component (e) comprise metallic fillers, carbon-based fillers, or combinations thereof.
14 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 13 , wherein the conductive fillers of component (e) are metallic fillers comprising at least one metal selected from Au, Ag, Cu, and an alloy thereof; or metal-coated fillers that are surface-coated with Au, Ag, or Cu.
15 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 13 , wherein the conductive fillers of component (e) are carbon-based fillers including carbon black, graphite, graphene, carbon hollow spheres, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, or combinations thereof.
16 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , wherein the photocurable conductive black composition after curing is electrically conductive and has an electrical resistivity of 0.1 MΩ/square or less.
17 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 1 , further comprising (f) 0.1-10 parts by weight of a thermal initiator, based on the total amount of the (meth)acrylate-functionalized urethane oligomer of component (a) and the polymerizable compound of component (b) being 100 parts by weight.
18 . The photocurable conductive black composition according to claim 17 , wherein the thermal initiator of component (f) is an organic peroxide, an azo compound, or a combination thereof.
19 . A method for forming a cured product composed of the photocurable conductive black composition of claim 1 , comprising:
i) providing a substrate;
ii) applying the photocurable conductive black composition of claim 1 to the substrate;
iii) irradiating light rays in a wavelength region of from 300 nm to 400 nm by a light source to obtain a substrate having a cured product of the photocurable conductive black composition of claim 1 ; and
iv) optionally, heating the substrate having the cured product of step (iii);
wherein
the substrate is a component of an article; and
the article is an entertainment device, a mobile device, or an electronic device.
20 . An article, comprising a cured product composed of the photocurable conductive black composition of claim 1 , wherein the article is an entertainment device, a mobile device, or an electronic device.