METHODS FOR INHIBITING RAS
The disclosure features methods for inhibiting RAS proteins. The disclosure also contains methods for the treatment of cancer.
1 . A method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, wherein the cancer comprises:
(a) a first RAS mutation that is G12C and a second RAS mutation at a position selected from the group consisting of H95, R68, G13 and Q61, or a second RAS mutation that is selected from the group consisting of Y96C, Y96F, Y96H, Y96N, Y96S; or
(b) a first RAS mutation at position G12 selected from the group consisting of G12H, G12I, G12K, G12M, G12N, G12P, G12Q, G12T, G12W and G12Y,
wherein the cancer is resistant to treatment with a RAS(OFF) inhibitor, the method comprising administering to the subject a RAS(ON) inhibitor.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the cancer comprises a first RAS mutation that is G12C and a second RAS mutation at position H95 or R68.
3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the second RAS mutation is selected from the group consisting of H95D, H95L, H95N, H95P, H95Q, H95R and H95Y.
4 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the second mutation is selected from the group consisting of R68G, R68K, R68M, R68S, R68T and R68W.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein any RAS mutation is selected from a KRAS mutation, an NRAS mutation, and an HRAS mutation.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is an inhibitor selective for RAS G12C, G13D, or G12D.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a RAS(ON) MULTI inhibitor.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a tri-complex RAS(ON) inhibitor.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a compound of Formula AI:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein the dotted lines represent zero, one, two, three, or four non-adjacent double bonds;
A is —N(H or CH 3 )C(O)—(CH 2 )— where the amino nitrogen is bound to the carbon atom of —CH(R 10 )—, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroarylene;
B is absent, —CH(R 9 )—, or >C═CR 9 R 9 ′ where the carbon is bound to the carbonyl carbon of —N(R 11 )C(O)—, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or 5 to 6-membered heteroarylene;
G is optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkylene, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkenylene, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 heteroalkylene, —C(O)O—CH(R 6 )— where C is bound to —C(R 7 R 8 )—, —C(O)NH—CH(R 6 )— where C is bound to —C(R 7 R 8 )—, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 heteroalkylene, or 3 to 8-membered heteroarylene;
L is absent or a linker;
W is hydrogen, cyano, S(O) 2 R′, optionally substituted amino, optionally substituted amido, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 hydroxyalkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 aminoalkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 haloalkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 guanidinoalkyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl optionally substituted 3 to 11-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered heteroaryl;
X 1 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 2 alkylene, NR, O, or S(O) n ;
X 2 is O or NH;
X 3 is N or CH;
n is 0, 1, or 2;
R is hydrogen, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C(O)R′, C(O)OR′, C(O)N(R′) 2 , S(O)R′, S(O) 2 R′, or S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 ;
each R′ is, independently, H or optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
Y 1 is C, CH, or N;
Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 , and Y 7 are, independently, C or N;
Y 5 is CH, CH 2 , or N;
Y 6 is C(O), CH, CH 2 , or N;
R 1 is cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or
R 1 and R 2 combine with the atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 2 is absent, hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6-membered aryl, optionally substituted 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl;
R 3 is absent, or
R 2 and R 3 combine with the atom to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 4 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, cyano, or methyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halogens;
R 5 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, cyano, hydroxy, or C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, cyclopropyl, or cyclobutyl;
R 6 is hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is hydrogen, halogen, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or
R 6 and R 7 combine with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 8 is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or
R 7 and R 8 combine with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form C═CR 7 ′R 8 ′; C═N(OH), C═N(O—C 1 -C 3 alkyl), C═O, C═S, C═NH, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 7a and R 8a are, independently, hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or combine with the carbon to which they are attached to form a carbonyl;
R 7 ′ is hydrogen, halogen, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl; R 8 ′ is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or
R 7 ′ and R 8 ′ combine with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 9 is hydrogen, F, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, or
R 9 and L combine with the atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 9 ′ is hydrogen or optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
R 10 is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
R 10a is hydrogen or halo;
R 11 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
R 16 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a compound of Formula BI:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein the dotted lines represent zero, one, two, three, or four non-adjacent double bonds;
A is —N(H or CH 3 )C(O)—(CH 2 )— where the amino nitrogen is bound to the carbon atom of —CH(R 10 )—, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroarylene;
B is absent, —CH(R 9 )—, >C═CR 9 R 9 ′, or >CR 9 R 9 ′ where the carbon is bound to the carbonyl carbon of —N(R 11 )C(O)—, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or 5 to 6-membered heteroarylene;
G is optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkylene, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkenylene, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 heteroalkylene, —C(O)O—CH(R 6 )— where C is bound to —C(R 7 R 8 )—, —C(O)NH—CH(R 6 )— where C is bound to —C(R 7 R 8 )—, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 heteroalkylene, or 3 to 8-membered heteroarylene;
L is absent or a linker;
W is a cross-linking group comprising a vinyl ketone, a vinyl sulfone, an ynone, a haloacetyl, or an alkynyl sulfone;
X 1 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 2 alkylene, NR, O, or S(O) n ;
X 2 is O or NH;
X 3 is N or CH;
n is 0, 1, or 2;
R is hydrogen, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C(O)R′, C(O)OR′, C(O)N(R′) 2 , S(O)R′, S(O) 2 R′, or S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 ;
each R′ is, independently, H or optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
Y 1 is C, CH, or N;
Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 , and Y 7 are, independently, C or N;
Y 5 is CH, CH 2 , or N;
Y 6 is C(O), CH, CH 2 , or N;
R 1 is cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or
R 1 and R 2 combine with the atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 2 is absent, hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6-membered aryl, optionally substituted 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl; R 3 is absent, or
R 2 and R 3 combine with the atom to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 4 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, cyano, or methyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halogens;
R 5 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, cyano, hydroxy, or C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, cyclopropyl, or cyclobutyl;
R 6 is hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is hydrogen, halogen, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or
R 6 and R 7 combine with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 8 is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or
R 7 and R 8 combine with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form C═CR 7 ′R 8 ′; C═N(OH), C═N(O—C 1 -C 3 alkyl), C═O, C═S, C═NH, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 7a and R 8a are, independently, hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or combine with the carbon to which they are attached to form a carbonyl;
R 7 ′ is hydrogen, halogen, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl; R 8 ′ is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or
R 7 ′ and R 8 ′ combine with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 9 is H, F, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, or
R 9 and L combine with the atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 9 ′ is hydrogen or optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl; or
R 9 and R 9 ′, combined with the atoms to which they are attached, form a 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl or a 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 10 is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
R 10a is hydrogen or halo;
R 11 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl; and
R 21 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a compound of Formula CI:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein the dotted lines represent zero, one, two, three, or four non-adjacent double bonds;
A is —N(H or CH 3 )C(O)—(CH 2 )— where the amino nitrogen is bound to the carbon atom of —CH(R 10 )—, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroarylene;
B is —CH(R 9 )— or >C═CR 9 R 9 ′ where the carbon is bound to the carbonyl carbon of —N(R 11 )C(O)—, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or 5 to 6-membered heteroarylene;
G is optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkylene, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkenylene, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 heteroalkylene, —C(O)O—CH(R 6 )— where C is bound to —C(R 7 R 8 )—, —C(O)NH—CH(R 6 )— where C is bound to —C(R 7 R 8 )—, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 heteroalkylene, or 3 to 8-membered heteroarylene;
L is absent or a linker;
W is a cross-linking group comprising a carbodiimide, an oxazoline, a thiazoline, a chloroethyl urea, a chloroethyl thiourea, a chloroethyl carbamate, a chloroethyl thiocarbamate, an aziridine, a trifluoromethyl ketone, a boronic acid, a boronic ester, an N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), an iso-EEDQ or other EEDQ derivative, an epoxide, an oxazolium, or a glycal;
X 1 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 2 alkylene, NR, O, or S(O) n ;
X 2 is O or NH;
X 3 is N or CH;
n is 0, 1, or 2;
R is hydrogen, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkynyl, C(O)R′, C(O)OR′, C(O)N(R′) 2 , S(O)R′, S(O) 2 R′, or S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 ;
each R′ is, independently, H or optionally substituted C 1 -C 4 alkyl;
Y 1 is C, CH, or N;
Y 2 , Y 3 , Y 4 , and Y 7 are, independently, C or N;
Y 5 is CH, CH 2 , or N;
Y 6 is C(O), CH, CH 2 , or N;
R 1 is cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or
R 1 and R 2 combine with the atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 2 is absent, hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6-membered aryl, optionally substituted 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl; R 3 is absent, or
R 2 and R 3 combine with the atom to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 4 is absent, hydrogen, halogen, cyano, or methyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halogens;
R 5 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, cyano, hydroxy, or C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, cyclopropyl, or cyclobutyl;
R 6 is hydrogen or methyl; R 7 is hydrogen, halogen, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or
R 6 and R 7 combine with the carbon atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 8 is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or
R 7 and R 8 combine with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form C═CR 7 ′R 8 ′; C═N(OH), C═N(O—C 1 -C 3 alkyl), C═O, C═S, C═NH, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 7a and R 8a are, independently, hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or combine with the carbon to which they are attached to form a carbonyl;
R 7 ′ is hydrogen, halogen, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl; R 8 ′ is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy, cyano, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkoxyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 8-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl, or optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or
R 7 ′ and R 8 ′ combine with the carbon atom to which they are attached to form optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 9 is hydrogen, F, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, or
R 9 and L combine with the atoms to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted 3 to 14-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 9 ′ is hydrogen or optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl;
R 10 is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C 1 -C 3 alkoxy, or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
R 10a is hydrogen or halo; and
R 11 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl; and
R 34 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a compound of Formula DIa:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein A is optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, optionally substituted 5 to 6-membered heteroarylene, optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkylene, or optionally substituted C 2 -C 4 alkenylene;
Y is
W is hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 10-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl;
X 1 and X 4 are each, independently, CH 2 or NH;
R 1 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted 3 to 15-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6 to 10-membered aryl, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl; and
R 2 is hydrogen, optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl, optionally substituted 3 to 7-membered heterocycloalkyl, optionally substituted 6-membered aryl, optionally substituted 5 or 6-membered heteroaryl; and R 10 is hydrogen, hydroxy, optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl.
13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a compound of Formula EI:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein A is optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroarylene;
L 1 is absent or a linker;
W is a cross-linking group comprising a vinyl ketone, vinyl sulfone, ynone, or an alkynyl sulfone:
R 1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted 3 to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl, or optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 heteroalkyl;
R 2 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl; and
R 3 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl or optionally substituted C 1 -C 3 heteroalkyl.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the RAS(ON) inhibitor is a compound of Formula FI:
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein A is optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered heterocycloalkylene, optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkylene, optionally substituted 6-membered arylene, or optionally substituted 5 to 10-membered heteroarylene;
W is a cross-linking group comprising an aziridine, an epoxide, a carbodiimide, an oxazoline, a thiazoline, a chloroethyl urea, a chloroethyl thiourea, a chloroethyl carbamate, a chloroethyl thiocarbamate, a trifluoromethyl ketone, a boronic acid, a boronic ester, an N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ), an iso-EEDQ or other EEDQ derivative, an oxazolium, or a glycal;
X 1 is CH 2 or O;
m is 1 or 2;
n is 0 or 1;
R 1 is hydrogen or optionally substituted 3 to 10-membered heterocycloalkyl;
R 2 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl; and
R 3 is optionally substituted C 1 -C 6 alkyl or optionally substituted 3 to 6-membered cycloalkyl.