Annotation cross-labeling for autonomous control systems
An annotation system uses annotations for a first set of sensor measurements from a first sensor to identify annotations for a second set of sensor measurements from a second sensor. The annotation system identifies reference annotations in the first set of sensor measurements that indicates a location of a characteristic object in the two-dimensional space. The annotation system determines a spatial region in the three-dimensional space of the second set of sensor measurements that corresponds to a portion of the scene represented in the annotation of the first set of sensor measurements. The annotation system determines annotations within the spatial region of the second set of sensor measurements that indicates a location of the characteristic object in the three-dimensional space.
1 . A method, comprising:
obtaining, by a processor, an image of a real-world scene captured by a first sensor, wherein at least a portion of an object is represented by the image;
annotating, by the processor, a portion of the image with a first annotation, the first annotation indicating a location of the object in the image;
obtaining, by the processor, sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by a second sensor, the sensor measurements representing the real-world scene in three-dimensional space;
determining, by the processor, a spatial region associated with the sensor measurements that at least partially corresponds with the portion of the image annotated with the first annotation;
searching, by the processor, within the spatial region to identify a portion of the spatial region that includes the object; and
annotating, by the processor, the sensor measurements with a second annotation, the second annotation indicating a location of the object in the portion of the spatial region.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the sensor measurements captured by the second sensor comprises obtaining sensor measurements that are arranged as a point cloud that models the real-world scene with respect to a three-dimensional coordinate system.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the sensor measurements captured by the second sensor comprises obtaining sensor measurements that are arranged as a depth map, the depth map comprising depth measurements that indicate distances to objects in the real-world scene from the first sensor.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein searching within the spatial region to identify the portion of the spatial region that includes the object comprises:
determining a filtered subset of sensor measurements contained in the spatial region, and applying an annotation model to the filtered subset of sensor measurements to identify the portion of the spatial region that includes the object.
5 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
generating training data based on the sensor measurements and the second annotation; and
training a computer model using the training data.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the image of the real-world scene captured by the first sensor comprises obtaining the image from a camera, and
wherein obtaining the sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by the second sensor comprises: obtaining the sensor measurements from a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor or a radio detection and ranging (RADAR) sensor.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the image of the real-world scene captured by the first sensor comprises obtaining the image from a camera, and
wherein obtaining the sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by the second sensor comprises: obtaining the sensor measurements from an infrared (IR) sensor.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by the second sensor comprises obtaining the sensor measurements of the real-world scene, where the sensor measurements are captured with respect to a viewpoint of the second sensor which is different from a viewpoint of the first sensor.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein annotating the sensor measurements with the second annotation comprises annotating the sensor measurements based on a bounding box that surrounds at least a portion of the object in the three-dimensional space.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein annotating the sensor measurements with the second annotation comprises assigning a label to a subset of the sensor measurements, the label identifying the object.
11 . A system, comprising:
at least one computer processor for executing computer program instructions; and
a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions executable by the at least one computer processor to perform operations comprising:
obtaining an image of a real-world scene captured by a first sensor, wherein at least a portion of an object is represented by the image;
annotating a portion of the image with a first annotation, the first annotation indicating a location of the object in the image;
obtaining sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by a second sensor, the sensor measurements representing the real-world scene in three-dimensional space;
determining a spatial region associated with the sensor measurements that at least partially corresponds with the portion of the image annotated with the first annotation;
searching within the spatial region to identify a portion of the spatial region that includes the object; and
annotating the sensor measurements with a second annotation, the second annotation indicating a location of the object in the portion of the spatial region.
12 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements captured by the second sensor cause the at least one computer processor to obtain sensor measurements that are arranged as a point cloud that models the real-world scene with respect to a three-dimensional coordinate system.
13 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements captured by the second sensor cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements, wherein the sensor measurements are arranged as a depth map, the depth map comprising depth measurements that indicate distances to objects in the real-world scene from the first sensor.
14 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to search within the spatial region to identify the portion of the spatial region that includes the object cause the at least one computer processor to:
determine a filtered subset of sensor measurements contained in the spatial region; and
apply an annotation model to the filtered subset of sensor measurements to identify the portion of the spatial region that includes the object.
15 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions further cause the at least one computer processor to:
generate training data based on the sensor measurements and the second annotation; and
train a computer model using the training data.
16 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the image of the real-world scene captured by the first sensor cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the image from a camera, and
wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by the second sensor cause the at least one computer processor to: obtain the sensor measurements from a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor or a radio detection and ranging (RADAR) sensor.
17 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the image of the real-world scene captured by the first sensor cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the image from a camera, and
wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by the second sensor cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements from an infrared (IR) sensor.
18 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements of the real-world scene captured by the second sensor cause the at least one computer processor to obtain the sensor measurements of the real-world scene, wherein the sensor measurements are captured with respect to a viewpoint of the second sensor which is different from a viewpoint of the first sensor.
19 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to annotate the sensor measurements with the second annotation cause the at least one computer processor to annotate the sensor measurements based on a bounding box that surrounds at least a portion of the object in the three-dimensional space.
20 . The system of claim 11 , wherein the instructions that cause the at least one computer processor to annotate the sensor measurements with the second annotation cause the at least one computer processor to assign a label to a subset of the sensor measurements, the label identifying the object.