Additive manufacturing devices and methods
In the embodiments of the present disclosure, additive manufacturing devices and methods are provided. The additive manufacturing device includes a light source, a building device, and a light scattering member. The light source is configured to provide light to cure photocurable resins. The building device includes a resin tank configured to store the photocurable resins. The building device has a building surface on which the photocurable resins are cured. The light scattering member is arranged between the light source and the building surface.
1. An additive manufacturing device for manufacturing a transparent dental appliance, comprising
a light source configured to provide light to cure photocurable resins;
a building device including a resin tank configured to store the photocurable resins, the building device having a building surface on which the photocurable resins are cured; and
a light scattering member arranged between the light source and the building surface, the light scattering member being configured to alter a light propagation direction of the light from the light source to cause a light scattering effect on the building surface, wherein:
the light scattering member has a haze of no less than 50%,
a transmittance rate of the light scattering member is no more than 80%, and
the light scattering member has a half peak angle ratio (R) of no less than 1.5, wherein the R is defined as θ n /θ 0 , θ n being a first half peak angle of the light scattering member, θ 0 being a second half peak angle of a membrane made of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), and the θ n and the θ 0 are measured under the same conditions.
2. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein
the haze of the light scattering member is no less than 60%.
3. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein
the R of the light scattering member is no less than 2.5.
4. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein
the R of the light scattering member is no more than 8.0.
5. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein
the haze of the light scattering member is no less than 90%.
6. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein
a thickness of the light scattering member is no more than 1000 μm.
7. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein:
the light scattering member includes an anti-sticking surface layer and a first layer;
the anti-sticking surface layer is in contact with the photocurable resins, from which the transparent dental appliance is additively manufactured, and the anti-sticking surface layer is configured to separate the photocurable resins after curing; and
the first layer is not in contact with the photocurable resins and is configured to cause the light scattering effect on the building surface.
8. The additive manufacturing device of claim 7 , wherein the anti-sticking surface layer is the FEP membrane.
9. The additive manufacturing device of claim 7 , wherein
the first layer includes a rear projection membrane.
10. The additive manufacturing device of claim 7 , wherein
the first layer includes a silicone membrane and a double-sided matting polyethylene (PE) membrane.
11. The additive manufacturing device of claim 7 , wherein the first layer includes a silicone membrane, a matting thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) membrane, and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane.
12. The additive manufacturing device of claim 7 , wherein the first layer includes a substrate having microstructures arranged on the substrate, the microstructures are configured to increase scattering, and the microstructures include at least one of surface textures, micropores, fiber structures, or nano-particles.
13. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein the building device further includes a build platform configured to move in a direction away from the light source to cause the cured photocurable resins to move away from the building surface.
14. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein
a first ratio A1 is a ratio of a maximum value to a minimum value of a light intensity in a single pixel on the building surface, wherein the single pixel is formed by the light that passes through the light scattering member,
a second ratio A2 is a ratio of a maximum value to a minimum value of a light intensity in a single pixel on the building surface, wherein the single pixel is formed by the light that does not pass through the light scattering member, and
the first ratio A1 of at least one pixel is less than the second ratio A2 of at least one pixel.
15. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein
a first full-width at half of maximum (FWHM1) is a full-width at half of maximum (FWHM) of a Gaussian distribution curve of a light intensity in a single pixel on the building surface, wherein the single pixel is formed by the light that passes through the light scattering member,
a second full-width at half of maximum (FWHM2) is an FWHM of a Gaussian distribution curve of a light intensity in a single pixel on the building surface, wherein the single pixel is formed by the light that does not pass through the light scattering member, and
the FWHM1 of at least one pixel is greater than the FWHM2 of at least one pixel.
16. The additive manufacturing device of claim 1 , wherein the light scattering member includes a light uniforming device, a distance between the light uniforming device and the building surface is less than a distance between the light uniforming device and the light source, and the light uniforming device is configured to adjust a distribution of inner-pixel light intensity of the light source.
17. A method of constructing an additive manufacturing device for manufacturing a transparent dental appliance, comprising
providing a building device including a resin tank configured to store photocurable resins, the building device having a building surface on which the photocurable resins are cured; and
positioning a light source against the building device to provide light to cure the photocurable resins;
providing a light scattering member that is configured to alter a light propagation direction of the light from the light source to cause light scattering effect on the building surface, wherein the light scattering member has a haze of no less than 50%, a transmittance rate of the light scattering member is no more than 80%, and the light scattering member has a half peak angle ratio (R) of no less than 2.0, wherein the R is defined as θ n /θ 0 , θ n being a first half peak angle of the light scattering member (θ n ), θ 0 being a second half peak angle of a membrane made of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), and the θ n and the θ 0 are measured under the same conditions, and
arranging the light scattering member between the light source and the building surface.
18. An additive manufacturing method for manufacturing a transparent dental appliance, comprising:
placing photocurable resins in a resin tank of a building device; and
curing the photocurable resins to produce the transparent dental appliance by irradiating the light that is emitted by a light source and scattered by a light scattering member onto the photocurable resins, the light scattering member being arranged between the light source and the building surface, the light scattering member being configured to alter a light propagation direction of the light from the light source to cause a light scattering effect on the building surface,
wherein
the light scattering member has a haze of no less than 50,
a transmittance rate of the light scattering member is no more than 80%, and
the light scattering member has a half peak angle ratio (R) of no less than 2.0, wherein the R is defined as θ n /θ 0 , θ n being a first half peak angle of the light scattering member (θ n ), θ 0 being a second half peak angle of a membrane made of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), and the θ n and the θ 0 are measured under the same conditions.
19. The additive manufacturing device of claim 7 , wherein:
the anti-sticking surface layer includes fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP);
the first layer is an elastic layer and includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); and
the elastic layer includes an elastic medium and a reinforcing scaffold, and the elastic medium is filled in pores of the reinforcing scaffold.