Process and apparatus for producing a molded fiber article
The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing a molded fiber article. The process comprises the steps of —dissolving fibrous materials in water to form a fibrous material suspension in a pulper, —removing moisture from the fibrous material suspension by pressing to form a molded fiber article in a mold and/or —drying the molded fiber article by supplying heat, —demolding the molded fiber article from the mold. The process is characterized by the feature whereby, in mold drying of the molded fiber article in the mold, a moisture content of the molded fiber article of not more than 10% by weight or not more than 7.5% by weight or not more than 5% by weight is achieved.
1. A process for producing a molded fiber article comprising the steps
dissolving of fibrous materials in water to form a fibrous material suspension in a pulper,
dehumidifying of the fibrous material suspension by pressing to form a molded fiber article in a mold
drying the molded fiber article by supplying heat to the mold and
demolding of the molded fiber article from the mold,
in which
during a mold drying of the molded fiber article, the molded fiber article is subjected to electromagnetic waves to dry the molded fiber article in the mold until a moisture content of the molded fiber article of not more than 10% by weight or not more than 7.5% by weight or not more than 5% by weight is achieved,
wherein
the molded fiber article is dried in a drying station and then demolded from the mold in a demolding station, wherein the pulper, the drying station and the demolding station; and
wherein either:
electromagnetic waves are generated in the drying station by a wave generator and are introduced via a waveguide into a capacitor plate with a mold receiving area, and wherein the capacitor plate has a first dielectric layer in the mold receiving area, and a mold made of an electrically conductive material is arranged in the mold so that the capacitor plate forms a first capacitor with one first mold half of the mold, and wherein a second dielectric layer is provided in a contact region between the first mold half and a second mold half, so that the first mold half and the second mold half form a second capacitor; or
between a capacitor plate and a ground plate, the mold is directly received, wherein the mold is formed of an electrically insulating material, so that the capacitor plate and ground plate form a capacitor.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the molded fiber article after dehumidifying the fibrous material suspension in the mold has a moisture content of not more than 30% by weight or not more than 25% by weight or not more than 20% by weight.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mold is conveyed by a transport device, from the pulper to the drying station and to the demolding station.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein one or more molds are releasably attached to at least one of the workstations and/or to the transport device, so that, after processing in at least one of the workstations, one or more molds are coupled into or out of one of the workstations and/or the transport device accordingly, automatically.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein one or more molds are conveyed in at least one circuit by the transport device.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a step of dripping the molded fiber article in the mold is provided between the step of dehumidifying and the step of drying.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the drying station and/or a cooling station and/or the demolding station are arranged in a transport direction along the transport device and receive at least one mold for processing in succession or simultaneously.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the drying station and/or a cooling station and/or the demolding station are arranged in the transport direction along the transport device, the drying station, the cooling station, and the demolding station receiving two or more molds for processing in succession and/or simultaneously.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mold is placed between at least two capacitor plates of the drying station, wherein the electromagnetic waves being applied to the mold via the capacitor plates.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein electromagnetic waves are generated in the drying station by a wave generator and are introduced via a waveguide into a capacitor plate with a mold receiving area.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein electromagnetic waves are generated in the drying station by the wave generator and are introduced via the waveguide into the capacitor plate with the mold receiving area.
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein electromagnetic waves are generated in the drying station by the wave generator and are introduced via the waveguide into the capacitor plate with the mold receiving area, and
wherein
the mold is formed of a dielectric material, so that the capacitor plate and the ground plate form a capacitor.
13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein simultaneously with the application of the electromagnetic waves, the molded fiber article in the mold is compressed in the drying station.