COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING MILK YIELD AND MILK COMPOSITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS IN RUMINANTS
The disclosure relates to isolated microorganisms, microbial ensembles, and compositions comprising the same. Furthermore, the disclosure teaches methods of utilizing the described microorganisms, microbial ensembles, and compositions comprising the same, in methods for modulating the production and yield of milk and milk components in ruminants. In particular aspects, the disclosure provides methods of increasing desirable components of milk in ruminants.
1 . An orally deliverable composition for increasing milk production or improving milk compositional characteristics in a ruminant, comprising:
a) one or more bacteria comprising a 16S nucleic acid sequence with at least about 97% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2125-4945; and
b) a carrier suitable for ruminant administration.
2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more bacteria comprises a 16S nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 2125-4945.
3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:
(a) one or more bacteria comprising a 16S nucleic acid sequence with at least about 97% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1-30, 2045-2103, 2108, 4104, 4116, 4364, 4620, 4814, 4828, 4921, 4943, 4944, and 4945; and/or
(b) one or more fungi comprising an ITS nucleic acid sequence with at least about 97% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 31-60 and 2104-2107.
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:
(a) one or more bacteria comprising a 16S nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-30, 2045-2103, 2108, 4104, 4116, 4364, 4620, 4814, 4828, 4921, 4943, 4944, and 4945; and/or
(b) one or more fungi comprising an ITS nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 31-60 and 2104-2107.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ruminant is a cow.
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ruminant is a calf.
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ruminant administered the composition exhibits an increase in milk production that leads to an increase in milk yield or an increase in energy-corrected milk.
8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ruminant administered the composition exhibits an improved milk compositional characteristic selected from the group consisting of: an increase in milk fat(s), an increase in milk protein(s), an increase of carbohydrates in milk, an increase of vitamins in milk, an increase of minerals in milk, or combinations thereof.
9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ruminant administered the composition exhibits at least one improved phenotypic trait, selected from the group consisting of: an improved efficiency in feed utilization, improved digestibility, an increase in polysaccharide and lignin degradation, an increase in fatty acid concentration in the rumen, pH balance in the rumen, a reduction in methane emissions, a reduction in manure production, improved dry matter intake, an improved efficiency of nitrogen utilization, or combinations thereof.
10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is formulated to protect the one or more bacteria from external stressors prior to entering the gastrointestinal tract of the ruminant.
11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is formulated to protect the one or more bacteria from oxidative stress.
12 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is formulated to protect the one or more bacteria from moisture.
13 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is dry.
14 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is combined with food.
15 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is combined with cereal, starch, oilseed cake, or vegetable waste.
16 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is combined with hay, haylage, silage, livestock feed, forage, fodder, beans, grains, micro-ingredients, fermentation compositions, mixed ration, total mixed ration, or a mixture thereof.
17 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is formulated as a solid, liquid, or mixture thereof.
18 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is formulated as a pellet, capsule, granulate, or powder.
19 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is combined with water, medicine, vaccine, vitamin, mineral, amino acid, enzyme, or a mixture thereof.
20 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is encapsulated.
21 . The composition of claim 20 , wherein the composition is encapsulated in a polymer or carbohydrate.
22 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the one or more bacteria are present in the composition in an amount of at least 10 2 cells.
23 . A method for increasing milk production or improving milk compositional characteristics in a ruminant, the method comprising orally administering to a ruminant an effective amount of the composition of claim 1 .
24 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition exhibits an increase in milk production that leads to a measured increase in milk yield.
25 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition exhibits an increase in milk production and improved milk compositional characteristics that leads to a measured increase in energy-corrected milk.
26 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition exhibits an improved milk compositional characteristic selected from the group consisting of: an increase in milk fat(s), an increase in milk protein(s), an increase of carbohydrates in milk, an increase of vitamins in milk, an increase of minerals in milk, or combinations thereof.
27 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition exhibits at least a 1% increase in the average production of: milk fat(s), milk protein(s), energy-corrected milk, or combinations thereof.
28 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition exhibits at least a 10% increase in the average production of milk fat(s), milk protein(s), energy-corrected milk, or combinations thereof.
29 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition exhibits at least a 20% increase in the average production of milk fat(s), milk protein(s), energy-corrected milk, or combinations thereof.
30 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition, further exhibits at least one improved phenotypic trait, selected from the group consisting of an improved efficiency in feed utilization, improved digestibility, an increase in polysaccharide and lignin degradation, an increase in fatty acid concentration in the rumen, pH balance in the rumen, a reduction in methane emissions, a reduction in manure production, improved dry matter intake, an improved efficiency of nitrogen utilization, or combinations thereof.
31 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition, further exhibits a shift in the microbiome of the rumen.
32 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition, further exhibits a shift in the microbiome of the rumen, wherein a population of microbes present in the rumen before administration of the composition increase in abundance after administration of the composition.
33 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition, further exhibits: a shift in the microbiome of the rumen, wherein a population of microbes present in the rumen before administration of the composition decrease in abundance after administration of the composition.
34 . The method according to claim 23 , wherein the ruminant administered the effective amount of the composition, further exhibits: a shift in the microbiome of the rumen, wherein a first population of microbes present in the rumen before administration of the composition increase in abundance after administration of the composition, and wherein a second population of microbes present in the rumen before administration of the composition decrease in abundance after administration of the composition.
35 . A composition that performs the same or better than recombinant bovine growth hormone for increasing milk production or improving milk compositional characteristics in a ruminant, wherein the composition comprises:
a) one or more bacteria comprising a 16S nucleic acid sequence with at least about 97% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2125-4945; and
b) a carrier suitable for ruminant administration.
36 . The composition of claim 35 , wherein the one or more bacteria comprises a 16S nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 2125-4945.
37 . The composition of claim 35 , wherein the composition comprises:
(a) one or more bacteria comprising a 16S nucleic acid sequence with at least about 97% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1-30, 2045-2103, 2108, 4104, 4116, 4364, 4620, 4814, 4828, 4921, 4943, 4944, and 4945; and/or
(b) one or more fungi comprising an ITS nucleic acid sequence with at least about 97% sequence identity to any one of SEQ ID NOs: 31-60 and 2104-2107.
38 . The composition of claim 35 , wherein the composition comprises:
(a) one or more bacteria comprising a 16S nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 1-30, 2045-2103, 2108, 4104, 4116, 4364, 4620, 4814, 4828, 4921, 4943, 4944, and 4945; and/or
(b) one or more fungi comprising an ITS nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 31-60 and 2104-2107.