Pressure swing adsorption device and rotary valve thereof
A rotary valve has a valve body and a valve sleeve disposed coaxially hermetically outside the valve body. The valve body has a first, a second, and a third group of flow channels, ports of these are disposed on a surface of the valve body. The valve sleeve is evenly opened with a plurality of through-holes, and an inner end of each through-hole is provided with a vertical groove extending up and down along an inner wall of the valve sleeve. The vertical groove is divided into three sections, each communicating with the ports of the first, the second, and the third group of flow channels, respectively. The first group of flow channels are in a working state, a switching valve is provided at the through-hole, which switches one group of the second group of flow channels and the third group of flow channels into the working state.
1 . A rotary valve comprising:
a valve body provided with a first group of flow channels, a second group of flow channels, and a third group of flow channels, wherein ports of the first group of flow channels, ports of the second group of flow channels, and ports of the third group of flow channels are disposed on a surface of the valve body, the valve body is a cylindrical structure and defines a rotation axis extending along a vertical direction; and
a valve sleeve sleeved coaxially hermetically outside the valve body along the rotation axis, wherein the valve sleeve comprises a plurality of through-holes, and an inner end of each through-hole is provided with a vertical groove extending up and down along an inner wall of the valve sleeve, the vertical groove is divided into three sections along the vertical direction, which communicate with the ports of the first group of flow channels, the ports of the second group of flow channels, and the ports of the third group of flow channels, respectively,
wherein the first group of flow channels are always in a working state, a switching valve is provided at each of the plurality of through-holes, and the switching valve switches one of the second group of flow channels and the third group of flow channels into the working state,
the valve body rotates around the rotation axis relative to the valve sleeve, so that the plurality of through-holes communicate with the ports of the one of the second group of flow channels and the third group of flow channels that is in the working state and the first group of flow channels by means of a predetermined combination to carry out a plurality of process sequences, and each through-hole communicates with ports of the first group of flow channels, and one of the second group of flow channels and the third group of flow channels.
2 . The rotary valve according to claim 1 , wherein the second group of flow channels includes a plurality of flow channels, and the third group of flow channels includes a plurality of flow channels.
3 . The rotary valve according to claim 1 , wherein the valve body is composed of at least two valve blocks that are detachably connected, and the second group of flow channels and the third group of flow channels are arranged in two or more valve blocks in the valve body.
4 . The rotary valve according to claim 1 , wherein the second group of flow channels and the third group of flow channels correspond to the same or different process sequences.
5 . The rotary valve according to claim 1 , wherein one port of the first group of flow channels is located at the center of the top surface of the valve body, and the other another port of the first group of flow channels is located on the sidewall of the valve body and is provided with an arc-shaped groove extending horizontally along the outer sidewall of the valve body.
6 . A pressure swing adsorption device, comprising:
a crude gas valve which is the rotary valve according to claim 1 , ports of the crude gas valve include a feed port arranged at the center of the top surface and a discharge port arranged at the center of the bottom surface;
a product gas valve which is the rotary valve according to claim 1 , ports of the product gas valve include a product gas port that is arranged at the center of top surface, and a valve body of the product gas valve and a valve body of the crude gas valve rotate synchronously according to a predetermined sequence; and
a plurality of adsorption towers with bottom gas pipes and top gas pipes, the bottom gas pipes communicate respectively with through-holes of the crude gas valve, and the top gas pipes communicate respectively with through-holes of the product gas valve.
7 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 6 , wherein:
the first group of flow channels of the product gas valve is a product gas channel, one port of which is the product gas port, and the other port is located on the sidewall of the valve body of the product gas valve and is provided with a first arc-shaped groove extending horizontally along the outer sidewall of the valve body of the product gas valve, the first arc-shaped groove is used to guide the product gas of corresponding adsorption tower to flow between the product gas port and the through-hole aligned with the first arc-shaped groove;
the second group of flow channels of the product gas valve are first pressure equalization channels, both ports of which are arranged on the sidewall of the valve body of the product gas valve, and the first pressure equalization channels are used to guide the product gas to flow between two through-holes aligned with the two ports of the first pressure equalization channels; and
the third group of flow channels of the product gas valve are second pressure equalization channels, both ports of which are arranged on the sidewall of the valve body of the product gas valve, and the second pressure equalization channels are used to guide the product gas to flow between two through-holes aligned with the two ports of the second pressure equalization channels.
8 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 7 , wherein the number of the first pressure equalization channels is 2 to 10, and the angle between adjacent first pressure equalization channels is 10° to 45°; the number of the second pressure equalization channels is 2 to 10, the angle between the adjacent second pressure equalization channels is 10° to 45°; and the arrangement of the first pressure equalization channels is the same as or different from the arrangement of the second pressure equalization channels.
9 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 7 , wherein the valve body of the product gas valve is composed of an upper valve block, a middle valve block and a lower valve block, the product gas channel is arranged in the middle valve block and passes through the upper valve block, the first pressure equalization channels and the second pressure equalization channels are respectively arranged in the upper valve block and the lower valve block, and the upper valve block and the lower valve block are detachably connected with the middle valve block.
10 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 7 , wherein:
the first group of flow channels of the crude gas valve is a crude gas channel, one port of which is the feed port, and the other port is located on the sidewall of the valve body and is provided with a second arc-shaped groove extending horizontally along the outer sidewall of the valve body of the crude gas valve, the second arc-shaped groove is used to guide the feed gas flow into the through-hole aligned with the second arc-shaped groove, the second arc-shaped groove has the same radian as the first arc-shaped groove and is vertically opposite to the first arc-shaped groove;
the second group of flow channels of the crude gas valve is a first exhaust channel, one port of which is the discharge port, and the other port is a first exhaust gas inlet located on the sidewall of the valve body of the crude gas valve, the first exhaust channel is used to guide exhaust gas from the through-hole aligned with the first exhaust gas inlet to the discharge port; and
the third group of flow channels of the crude gas valve is a second exhaust channel, which forms an F-shape with the first exhaust channel, one port of the second exhaust channel is the discharge port, and the other port is a second exhaust gas inlet located on the sidewall of the valve body of the crude gas valve, and the second exhaust channel is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through-hole aligned with the second exhaust gas inlet to the discharge port.
11 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 10 , wherein the first exhaust gas inlet and/or the second exhaust gas inlet are provided with a third arc-shaped groove extending horizontally along the outer sidewall of the valve body of the crude gas valve, and the third arc-shaped groove is used to guide the exhaust gas from the through-hole aligned with the third arc-shaped groove to discharge port.
12 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 10 , wherein the radians of the first arc-shaped groove and the second arc-shaped groove are π/6 to 5π/6.
13 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 6 , wherein the number of the adsorption towers is greater than or equal to 4.
14 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 6 , wherein the predetermined sequence is a process sequence of pressure swing adsorption.
15 . The pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 6 , wherein the valve body of the product gas valve and the valve body of the crude gas valve rotate at a constant speed or a stepped speed.
16 . A method for recovering component with weaker adsorbability from a gas mixture using the pressure swing adsorption device according to claim 10 , the plurality of adsorption towers comprising a first adsorption tower, a second adsorption tower, a third adsorption tower and a fourth adsorption tower, the method can be selectively operated in one of a first process sequence and a second process sequence.
17 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein when the switching valve of the crude gas valve causes the second group of flow channels of the crude gas valve to be in the working state and the switching valve of the product gas valve causes the second group of flow channels of the product gas valve to be in the working state, the method is operated in the first process sequence;
the first process sequence includes the following sequences:
Sequence 1: the first adsorption tower is in an adsorption step, the second adsorption tower is in a first pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in a reverse-discharge regeneration step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in a first depressurization step;
Sequence 2: the first adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the second adsorption tower is in a cut-out state without performing any operation, the third adsorption tower is in a purge regeneration step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in a purge step;
Sequence 3: the first adsorption tower is in an adsorption+pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in an adsorption-ready pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in a second pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in a second depressurization step;
Sequence 4: the first adsorption tower is in the first depressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the third adsorption tower is in the first pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the reverse-discharge regeneration step;
Sequence 5: the second adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the third adsorption tower is in the cut-out state without performing any operation, the fourth adsorption tower is in the purge regeneration step, and the first adsorption tower is in the purge step;
Sequence 6: the first adsorption tower is in the second depressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the adsorption+pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption-ready pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the second pressurization step;
Sequence 7: the first adsorption tower is in the reverse-discharge regeneration step, the second adsorption tower is in the first depressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the first pressurization step;
Sequence 8: the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the fourth adsorption tower is in the cut-out state without performing any operation, the first adsorption tower is in the purge regeneration step, and the second adsorption tower is in the purge step;
Sequence 9: the first adsorption tower is in the second pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the second depressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption+pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption-ready pressurization step;
Sequence 10: the first adsorption tower is in the first pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the reverse-discharge regeneration step, the third adsorption tower is in the first depressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption step;
Sequence 11: the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the first adsorption tower is in the cut-out state without performing any operation, the second adsorption tower is in the purge regeneration step, and the third adsorption tower is in the purge step; and
Sequence 12: the first adsorption tower is in the adsorption-ready pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the second pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the second depressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption+pressurization step.
18 . The method according to claim 16 , wherein when the switching valve of the crude gas valve causes the third group of flow channels of the crude gas valve to be in the working state and the switching valve of the product gas valve causes the third group of flow channels of the product gas valve to be in the working state, the method is operated in the second process sequence;
the second process sequence includes the following sequences:
Sequence 1: the first adsorption tower is in an adsorption step, the second adsorption tower is in a first pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in a reverse-discharge regeneration step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in a first depressurization step;
Sequence 2: the first adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the second adsorption tower, the third adsorption tower and the fourth adsorption tower are all in a cut-out state without performing any operation;
Sequence 3: the first adsorption tower is in an adsorption+pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in an adsorption-ready pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in a second pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in a second depressurization step;
Sequence 4: the first adsorption tower is in the first depressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the third adsorption tower is in the first pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in a reverse-discharge regeneration step;
Sequence 5: the second adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the first adsorption tower, the third adsorption tower and the fourth adsorption tower are all in the cut-out state without performing any operation;
Sequence 6: the first adsorption tower is in the second depressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the adsorption+pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption-ready pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the second pressurization step;
Sequence 7: the first adsorption tower is in the reverse-discharge regeneration step, the second adsorption tower is in the first depressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the first pressurization step;
Sequence 8: the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the first adsorption tower, the second adsorption tower and the fourth adsorption tower are all in the cut-out state without performing any operation;
Sequence 9: the first adsorption tower is in the second pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the second depressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the adsorption+pressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption-ready pressurization step;
Sequence 10: the first adsorption tower is in the first pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the reverse-discharge regeneration step, the third adsorption tower is in the first depressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption step;
Sequence 11: the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption step, the first adsorption tower, the second adsorption tower and the third adsorption tower are all in the cut-out state without performing any operation;
Sequence 12: the first adsorption tower is in the adsorption-ready pressurization step, the second adsorption tower is in the second pressurization step, the third adsorption tower is in the second depressurization step, and the fourth adsorption tower is in the adsorption+pressurization step.