Systems and methods for downhole power generation
A downhole power generation system includes a generator that generates AC input power having a variable input voltage that varies based on a rotational rate of a turbine, which in turn is based on a variable flow rate of a fluid flow. An active rectifier converts the AC power having the variable input voltage to DC power having a constant output voltage. This may increase the range of usable input voltages and decrease a number of flow kits used in a downhole drilling assembly.
1. A downhole power generation system, comprising:
a generator configured to generate alternating current (AC) input power having a variable input voltage from a variable fluid flow;
an active rectifier configured to receive the AC input power having the variable input voltage and convert the AC input power to a direct current (DC) output power having a constant output voltage; and
a controller including:
a rectifier manager configured to control the active rectifier, the rectifier manager being initially dormant during a startup of the generator; and
a startup manager configured to direct to the rectifier manager an initial DC output power generated by the active rectifier during the startup of the generator, the initial DC output power enabling the rectifier manager to begin controlling the active rectifier.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the generator includes a single flow kit.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the generator does not include a field coil to regulate the variable input voltage.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the constant output voltage is greater than a maximum input voltage of the variable input voltage.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the constant output voltage is approximately 10 times greater than a minimum input voltage of the variable input voltage.
6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
one or more sensors that sense the variable input voltage from the generator; and
wherein the controller is configured to maintain the constant output voltage based on data from the one or more sensors.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the startup manager is configured to direct DC output power to other elements of the downhole power generation system as additional power is generated during the startup of the generator.
8. A method for generating downhole power, comprising:
generating an alternating current (AC) input power with a first input voltage using a generator of a power system, wherein the AC input power with the first input voltage is generated from a first fluid flow having a first flow rate;
converting the AC input power with the first input voltage to a direct current (DC) output power with a constant output voltage using an active rectifier of the power system;
generating the AC input power with a second input voltage different from the first input voltage, wherein the AC input power with the second input voltage is generated from a second fluid flow having a second flow rate; and
converting the AC input power to the DC output power with the constant output voltage using the active rectifier;
wherein the power system includes:
a controller including:
a rectifier manager configured to control the active rectifier, the rectifier manager being initially dormant during a startup of the generator; and
a startup manager configured to direct to the rectifier manager an initial DC output power generated by the active rectifier during the startup of the generator, the initial DC output power enabling the rectifier manager to begin controlling the active rectifier.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein converting the AC input power with the second input voltage to the DC output power with the constant output voltage includes adjusting the active rectifier using the controller to maintain the constant output voltage.
10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
determining that the second input voltage is different from the first input voltage; and
adjusting the active rectifier to maintain the constant output voltage.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein determining that the second input voltage is different from the first input voltage includes sensing the first input voltage and the second input voltage.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein determining that the second input voltage is different from the first input voltage includes sensing the first flow rate and the second flow rate.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein sensing the first flow rate and the second flow rate includes sensing a rotational rate of a turbine.
14. The method of claim 8 , wherein the DC output power generated from the AC input power with the first input voltage is different from the DC output power generated from the AC input power with the second input voltage.