Apparatus and method for reducing the cross section of a tubular hollow body by shaping the hollow body
An apparatus for reducing the cross-section of a tubular hollow body with a hollow body wall has a shaping die on the outer side of the hollow body, a mandrel in the interior of the hollow body, and a shaping drive with a mandrel drive and a die drive. The shaping die is movable by the die drive to reduce a cross-section of the hollow body with an axial movement of the die. The mandrel is movable via the mandrel drive along the hollow body axis through the die opening in the shaping die. The hollow body wall is subjected to a tensile stress by the mandrel and is drawn in the direction of the axial movement of the mandrel through the die opening. The mandrel drive and the die drive are controlled so that the axial mandrel movement and the axial die movement die are superimposed on one another.
1 . An apparatus for reducing the cross-section of a tubular hollow body ( 2 ) by shaping the hollow body ( 2 ) which has a hollow body wall ( 3 ) made of a plastically deformable material and a hollow body axis ( 4 ) running in the longitudinal direction of the hollow body ( 2 ), the apparatus comprising:
a shaping die ( 5 ) which is designed for arrangement on an outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ) and which has a die opening ( 7 ) designed for receiving the hollow body ( 2 ), the die opening ( 7 ) having an opening cross-section which is smaller than a hollow body cross-section of the hollow body ( 2 ) in an initial state,
a mandrel ( 6 ) which is designed for arrangement in an interior of the hollow body ( 2 ),
and
a shaping drive ( 8 ) which has a die drive ( 10 ) and a drive controller ( 11 ),
wherein the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ) is movable with an axial movement of the die along the hollow body axis ( 4 ) in a direction ( 14 ) of the axial movement of the die relative to the hollow body ( 2 ) by means of the die drive ( 10 ) with the hollow body cross-section being reduced,
wherein the shaping drive ( 8 ) has, in addition to the die drive ( 10 ), a mandrel drive ( 9 ) by means of which the mandrel ( 6 ) arranged in the interior of the hollow body ( 2 ) can be moved along the hollow body axis ( 4 ) through the die opening ( 7 ) with an axial mandrel movement directed counter to the axial die movement of the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ),
wherein the drive controller ( 11 ) of the shaping drive ( 8 ), is configured to control the mandrel drive ( 9 ) and the die drive ( 10 ) in such a way that the axial mandrel movement and the axial die movement of the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ) are superposed on one another,
wherein the apparatus is configured such that the mandrel ( 6 ) moving in a direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement is effectively supported on the hollow body wall ( 3 ) in a force-fit in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement such that the mandrel ( 6 ) moving in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement subjects the hollow body wall ( 3 ) to tensile stress in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement and the hollow body wall ( 3 ) is drawn through the die opening ( 7 ) relative to the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outside of the hollow body ( 2 ) in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement.
2 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein an axial abutment ( 12 ) is provided for the hollow body ( 2 ), on which the hollow body ( 2 ) is supported in the direction ( 14 ) of the axial die movement and which is stationary along the hollow body axis ( 4 ) during the axial die movement performed by the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outside of the hollow body ( 2 ) relative to the hollow body ( 2 ).
3 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the die drive ( 10 ) is configured to move the shaping die ( 5 ) with a positioning movement from a position away from the hollow body ( 2 ) to be shaped to a position in which the shaping die ( 5 ) is arranged on the outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ), and
wherein the drive controller ( 11 ) of the shaping drive ( 8 ) is configured to control the die drive ( 10 ) and the mandrel drive ( 9 ) in such a way that the mandrel drive ( 9 ) initiates the axial mandrel movement before the shaping die ( 5 ) is arranged on the outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ) due to the positioning movement of the shaping die ( 5 ).
4 . The apparatus according claim 1 , wherein a common cross-section of the mandrel ( 6 ) and the hollow body wall ( 3 ) of the hollow body ( 2 ) in the initial state is larger than the opening cross-section of the die opening ( 7 ) of the shaping die ( 5 ).
5 . The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein
the shaping die ( 5 ) is provided with a shaping element, on a circumference of the die opening ( 7 ), and/or
the mandrel ( 6 ) is provided with a shaping element on a circumference of the mandrel.
6 . The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outside of the hollow body ( 2 ) presses the hollow body wall ( 3 ) against the mandrel ( 6 ) in the radial direction of the hollow body axis ( 4 ), such that the mandrel ( 6 ) is effectively supported against the hollow body wall ( 3 ) in a force-fit in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement.
7 . A method for reducing the cross-section of a tubular hollow body ( 2 ) by shaping the hollow body ( 2 ) which has a hollow body wall ( 3 ) made of a plastically deformable material and a hollow body axis ( 4 ) running in the longitudinal direction of the hollow body ( 2 ),
wherein a shaping die ( 5 ) is arranged on the outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ) and has a die opening ( 7 ) designed for receiving the hollow body ( 2 ) the die opening ( 7 ) having an opening cross-section which is smaller than the hollow body cross-section of the hollow body ( 2 ) in an initial state,
wherein a mandrel ( 6 ) is arranged in an interior of the hollow body ( 2 ), comprising the steps of:
moving the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outer side of the hollow body ( 2 ) with an axial movement of the die along the hollow body axis ( 4 ) in a direction ( 14 ) of the axial movement of the die relative to the hollow body ( 2 ) by means of a die drive ( 10 ) with the hollow body cross-section being reduced,
moving the mandrel ( 6 ) arranged inside the hollow body ( 2 ) along the hollow body axis ( 4 ) through the die opening ( 7 ) by means of a mandrel drive ( 9 ) provided in addition to the die drive ( 10 ) with an axial mandrel movement opposite the axial die movement of the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outside of the hollow body ( 2 ),
controlling the mandrel drive ( 9 ) and the die drive ( 10 ) in such a way that the axial mandrel movement and the axial die movement of the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outside of the hollow body ( 2 ) are superimposed on one another,
effectively supporting the mandrel ( 6 ) moving in a direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement on the hollow body wall ( 3 ) in a force-fit in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement and
subjecting the hollow body wall ( 3 ) to tensile stress in a direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement by means of the mandrel ( 6 ) moving in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement such that the hollow body wall ( 3 ) is drawn through the die opening ( 7 ) relative to the shaping die ( 5 ) arranged on the outside of the hollow body ( 2 ) in the direction ( 13 ) of the axial mandrel movement.