System for an internal combustion engine with an electric torque assist
Embodiments herein provide a system and method for using an Integrated Starter Generator (ISG) for electric torque assistance on specific strokes of a 2-stroke or 4-stroke Internal Combustion (IC) engine ( 300 ) with reduced inertial mass than a conventional inertial mass loaded IC engine in order to overcome a speed variation problem caused by the engine's lower inertia at low and idle speeds and thus meeting a crankshaft speed shortfall. Furthermore, enabling the 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines to run on a lean fuel-air mixture improves emissions at low and idling speeds, and leads to better IC engine emission control.
1 . A system ( 300 ) for an internal combustion (IC) engine with an electric torque assist, wherein the system ( 300 ) comprises:
a crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) of the IC engine;
a piston assembly that is connected with the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) of the IC engine;
characterized in that,
an integrated starter generator (ISG) ( 312 ) that is connected to a side of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) of the IC engine using a shaft ( 320 ), wherein the ISG ( 312 ) operates in any of a motoring mode (M) or a generation mode (G);
one or more sensors ( 310 ) that are mounted internally or externally between the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) and the ISG ( 312 ) of the IC engine, wherein the one or more sensors ( 310 ) provides a stream of pulses proportional to an instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) and generates pulses with respect to the position of the piston assembly;
a MOSFET bridge ( 330 ) that is connected to the ISG ( 312 ), wherein the MOSFET bridge ( 330 ) enables the motoring mode (M) or the generation mode (G) of the ISG ( 312 );
a MOSFET driver ( 335 ) that is connected to the MOSFET bridge ( 330 ), wherein the MOSFET driver ( 335 ) is configured to switch operations of the MOSFET bridge ( 330 ) during the electric torque assist to the motoring mode (M) or the generation mode (G);
a battery ( 340 ) and a pulsar coil ( 316 ); and
a control unit ( 325 ) comprising:
a controller or a processor ( 405 ) that is configured to:
determine the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) using the stream of pulses from the one or more sensors ( 310 );
compute the pulses from the one or more sensors ( 310 ) into one or more engine cycle phases;
monitor the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) and speed shortfall in the IC engine;
determine a target value for the electric torque assist by analysing the speed shortfall and the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ), or detecting the position of piston assembly by the one or more sensors ( 310 ), when the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) is less than a predefined threshold speed value of the IC engine; and
provide the electric torque assist to the ISG ( 312 ) by switching the MOSFET bridge ( 330 ) to the motoring mode (M) of the ISG ( 312 ) using the MOSFET driver ( 335 ) to maintain an optimum electric torque assist throughout the one or more engine cycle phases.
2 . The system ( 300 ) of claim 1 , wherein the IC engine comprises a 2-stroke engine or a 4-stroke engine.
3 . The system ( 300 ) of claim 1 , wherein the controller or the processor ( 405 ) is configured to switch the MOSFET bridge ( 330 ) to the generation mode (G) of the ISG ( 312 ) when the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) is greater than or equal to the predefined threshold speed value of the IC engine.
4 . The system ( 300 ) of claim 2 , wherein the one or more engine cycle phases for the 4-stroke engine comprises a suction stroke, a compression stroke, a power stroke, and an exhaust stroke, wherein the one or more engine cycle phases for the 2-stroke engine comprises a suction/compression stroke and a power/exhaust stroke.
5 . The system ( 300 ) of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sensors ( 310 ) is mounted externally to the ISG ( 312 ) of the IC engine to include one or more sensors, wherein the one or more sensors comprise magnetic pick-up coils, Hall-effect sensors, magneto-resistive element (MRE) sensors, and optical sensors.
6 . The system ( 300 ) of claim 1 , wherein the one or more sensors ( 310 ) is mounted internally to the ISG ( 312 ) of the IC engine to determine the stream of pulses, wherein the stream of pulses can be detected with the control unit ( 325 ) using any of back EMF measurement, zero-crossing detection, or current sensing ( 434 ).
7 . The system ( 300 ) of claim 1 , wherein the one or more engine cycle phases can be detected using the pulsar coil ( 316 ).
8 . A method for an internal combustion (IC) engine with electric torque assist comprises:
providing, using a one or more sensors ( 310 ), a stream of pulses proportional to an instantaneous speed of a crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) and a position of a piston assembly reaching a Top Dead Center (TDC) of the IC engine when it is running;
determining, using a control unit ( 325 ), the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) using the stream of pulses from the one or more sensors ( 310 );
computing, using the control unit ( 325 ), the pulses from the one or more sensors ( 310 ) into one or more engine cycle phases comprising a suction stroke, a compression stroke, a power stroke, and an exhaust stroke;
monitoring, using the control unit ( 325 ), the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) and speed shortfall in the IC engine;
determining, using the control unit ( 325 ), a target value for the electric torque assist by analysing the speed shortfall and the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ), or detecting the position of piston assembly by the one or more sensors ( 310 ), when the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) is less than a pre-defined threshold speed value of the IC engine; and
providing, using the control unit ( 325 ), the electric torque assist to an ISG ( 312 ) by switching a MOSFET bridge ( 330 ) to a motoring mode (M) of the ISG ( 312 ) using a MOSFET driver ( 335 ) to maintain an optimum electric torque assist throughout the one or more engine cycle phases; and
switching, using the control unit ( 325 ), the ISG ( 312 ) in a generation mode using the MOSFET bridge ( 330 ) when the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft assembly ( 305 ) is greater than or equal to the predefined threshold speed value of the IC engine.