Ionic thruster methods and apparatus for aircraft
Ionic thruster methods and apparatus for aircraft are disclosed. An example ionic thruster for aircraft includes a nozzle. The nozzle includes an outlet and an inlet, the inlet to receive fluid and containing an electrode mount. A ground electrode is disposed within the nozzle. Conducting pins are coupled to the electrode mount, each of the pins having a first end coupled to the electrode mount and a second end positioned closer to the ground electrode than the first end, the pins spaced apart from the ground electrode.
1 . A thruster for aircraft comprising:
a nozzle including an outlet and an inlet, the inlet to receive fluid and containing an electrode mount;
a spacer at an inner diameter of the nozzle and extending along a portion of a length of the nozzle;
a ground electrode contacting a distal end of the spacer within the nozzle, the length of the nozzle extending past the ground electrode;
conducting pins coupled to the electrode mount, each of the pins having a first end coupled to the electrode mount and a second end positioned closer to the ground electrode than the first end, the pins spaced apart from the ground electrode by the spacer; and
an electromagnet surrounding a space between the pins and the ground electrode, the electromagnet extending beyond the pins and the ground electrode along the length of the nozzle, the electromagnet to direct a corona discharge from the pins towards a central axis of the nozzle.
2 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , further including a voltage source coupled to the conducting pins and the ground electrode, the voltage source to create an electric field between the pins and the ground electrode.
3 . The thruster as recited in claim 2 , wherein the electric field is to generate the corona discharge.
4 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , wherein the central axis extends between the inlet and the outlet.
5 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , wherein the nozzle is composed of a non-conductive material.
6 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , wherein the conducting pins are parallel to the central axis of the nozzle, the central axis to extend between the inlet and the outlet.
7 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrode mount is composed of a conductive material.
8 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , further including a dielectric guide having holes therethrough, the holes to surround the pins and allow fluid to flow from the inlet to the outlet.
9 . The thruster as recited in claim 8 , wherein each hole converges towards an end of a respective one of the pins.
10 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , wherein the ground electrode is a plate having holes to allow fluid to flow between the inlet and the outlet.
11 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrode mount includes radial supports extending away from a center of the electrode mount to an internal wall of the nozzle.
12 . The thruster as recited in claim 1 , wherein the nozzle converges between the inlet and the outlet.
13 . An aircraft comprising:
a voltage source; and
a thruster including:
a body including an outlet and an inlet, the body to receive fluid and containing an electrode mount;
a spacer at an inner diameter of the body and extending along a portion of a length of the body;
a ground electrode contacting a distal end of the spacer within the body and electrically coupled to the voltage source, the length of the body extending past the ground electrode;
conducting pins coupled to the electrode mount and electrically coupled to the voltage source, each of the pins having a first end coupled to the electrode mount and a second end positioned closer to the ground electrode than the first end; and
an electromagnet surrounding a space between the pins and the ground electrode, the electromagnet extending beyond the pins and the ground electrode along the length of the body, the electromagnet to direct a corona discharge from the pins towards a central axis of the body.
14 . The aircraft as recited in claim 13 , wherein the voltage source is to cause the corona discharge between the conducting pins and the ground electrode.
15 . The aircraft as recited in claim 13 , wherein the electromagnet is to narrow the corona discharge between the pins and the ground electrode.
16 . The aircraft as recited in claim 13 , wherein the body is composed of a non-conductive material.
17 . The aircraft as recited in claim 13 , further including a dielectric guide having holes therethrough and surrounding the pins to allow fluid to flow through the dielectric guide.
18 . A method for generating thrust on an aircraft, the method comprising:
providing a voltage to a thruster, the thruster including:
a nozzle including an outlet and an inlet, the inlet to receive air;
an electrode mount disposed within the inlet;
a spacer at an inner diameter of the nozzle and extending along a portion of a length of the nozzle;
a ground electrode contacting a distal end of the spacer within the nozzle, the length of the nozzle extending past the ground electrode;
conducting pins coupled to the electrode mount, each of the pins having a first end coupled to the electrode mount and a second end positioned closer to the ground electrode than the first end, the pins spaced apart from the ground electrode by the spacer;
an electromagnet surrounding a space between the pins and the ground electrode, the electromagnet extending beyond the pins and the ground electrode along the length of the nozzle;
generating a corona discharge with the voltage, the corona discharge to extend between the conducting pins and the ground electrode;
providing, by the electromagnet, a magnetic field to direct the corona discharge from the pins towards a central axis of the nozzle; and
inducing an ionic wind with the corona discharge, the ionic wind to generate the thrust.
19 . The method as recited in claim 18 , wherein a magnitude of the thrust changes in response to a change in the voltage.
20 . The method as recited in claim 18 , the method further including:
providing the magnetic field around the corona discharge, the magnetic field to affect the corona discharge to increase the thrust.