Impact testing apparatuses and methods for drug delivery devices
Impact testing apparatuses are disclosed which simulate and measure various impact-related events associated with the operation of a drug delivery device. The impact testing apparatus may include an impactor configured to simulate a plunger rod of the drug delivery device, and a guide sleeve configured to receive a syringe corresponding to the drug delivery device. The syringe may have a proximal end, a distal end defining an outlet, and an interior chamber extending between the proximal and distal ends and carrying a plunger. Additionally, the impact testing apparatus may include an energy source configured to reduce a distance between the impactor and the plunger so that the impactor strikes the plunger. Various sensors may be included to measure characteristics of one or more impacts caused by the impactor. Methods of impact testing a syringe filled with a fluid and carrying a plunger are also disclosed.
1. A testing apparatus for simulating operation of a drug delivery device having a container containing a fluid and a plunger, the plunger having a distally facing end surface and a proximally facing end surface each being disposed within the container, the testing apparatus comprising:
a guide sleeve configured to receive a syringe, the syringe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a plunger;
an impactor configured to simulate a plunger rod of the drug delivery device, wherein at least a distal end of the impactor is configured to fit within the container of the drug delivery device;
an energy source configured to reduce a distance between the impactor and the plunger such that the distal end of the impactor contacts the proximally facing end surface of the plunger; and
a monitoring system configured to measure at least one characteristic of at least one impact caused by the impactor.
2. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a retaining member configured to maintain a position of the syringe relative to the guide sleeve prior to activation of the energy source and permit the syringe to move relative to the guide sleeve in response to the impactor contacting the plunger.
3. The testing apparatus of claim 2 , comprising a first impact state, where the impactor initially contacts the plunger and the retaining member occupies a first position, and a second impact state, where the impactor causes the syringe or a carrier holding the syringe to contact an anvil member and the retaining member occupies a second position.
4. The testing apparatus of claim 2 , the retaining member being configured to move toward the guide sleeve in response to the impactor contacting and moving the plunger.
5. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an anvil member having a first axial opening aligned with a second axial opening of the guide sleeve, the first axial opening of the anvil member having a smaller inner diameter than the second axial opening of the guide sleeve.
6. The testing apparatus of claim 5 , further comprising a first radial opening extending through a sidewall of the anvil member, a second radial opening extending through a sidewall of the guide sleeve, the first and second radial openings being aligned with each other to provide access to the first and second axial openings through the respective sidewalls of the anvil member and the guide sleeve.
7. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , the monitoring system comprising a sensor and a computing unit to receive and process a pressure signal and/or a force signal output by the sensor.
8. The testing apparatus of claim 7 , the monitoring system comprising a digital camera configured to capture video of the one or more impacts caused by the impactor and output a video signal to the computing unit, wherein the computing unit calculates one or more velocities based on the video signal.
9. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , the monitoring system comprising a load cell disposed distal to the guide sleeve.
10. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , the monitoring system comprising a first load cell and a second load cell, the first load cell being connected to and moveable with the impactor and configured to output a first force signal, the second load cell being mounted stationarily relative to the impactor and configured to output a second force signal representative.
11. The testing apparatus of claim 10 , the first force signal being representative of at least a first impact caused by the impactor, and the second force signal being representative of at least a second impact caused by the impactor.
12. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , comprising a protective enclosure having an openable door, at least the guide sleeve and the impactor being disposed within the protective enclosure.
13. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , the energy source comprising a hydraulic or pneumatic element configured to drive the impactor.
14. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , the energy source comprising a spring configured to drive the impactor.
15. The testing apparatus of claim 14 , the energy source comprising a manually operable actuator for releasing the spring.
16. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , comprising an adjustable clamp for mounting the energy source.
17. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , the monitoring system comprising a pressure sensor configured to output a pressure signal representative of a pressure of a fluid expelled from the syringe.
18. The testing apparatus of claim 1 , the monitoring system comprising a load cell configured to output a force signal representative of the at least one impact caused by the impactor.
19. A testing apparatus for simulating operation of a drug delivery device, the testing apparatus comprising:
a guide sleeve configured to receive a syringe, the syringe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a plunger;
an impactor configured to simulate a plunger rod of the drug delivery device;
an energy source configured to reduce a distance between the impactor and the plunger such that the impactor contacts the plunger;
a monitoring system configured to measure at least one characteristic of at least one impact caused by the impactor;
a retaining member configured to maintain a position of the syringe relative to the guide sleeve prior to activation of the energy source and permit the syringe to move relative to the guide sleeve in response to the impactor contacting the plunger; and
a first impact state, where the impactor initially contacts the plunger and the retaining member occupies a first position, and a second impact state, where the impactor causes the syringe or a carrier holding the syringe to contact an anvil member and the retaining member occupies a second position.
20. A testing apparatus for simulating operation of a drug delivery device, the testing apparatus comprising:
a guide sleeve configured to receive a syringe, the syringe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a plunger;
an impactor configured to simulate a plunger rod of the drug delivery device;
an energy source configured to reduce a distance between the impactor and the plunger such that the impactor contacts the plunger; and
a monitoring system configured to measure at least one characteristic of at least one impact caused by the impactor, the monitoring system comprising a first load cell and a second load cell, the first load cell being connected to and moveable with the impactor and configured to output a first force signal, the second load cell being mounted stationarily relative to the impactor and configured to output a second force signal representative.
21. A testing apparatus for simulating operation of a drug delivery device, the testing apparatus comprising:
a guide sleeve configured to receive a syringe, the syringe having a proximal end, a distal end, and a plunger;
an impactor configured to simulate a plunger rod of the drug delivery device;
an energy source configured to reduce a distance between the impactor and the plunger such that the impactor contacts the plunger;
a monitoring system configured to measure at least one characteristic of at least one impact caused by the impactor;
an anvil member having a first axial opening aligned with a second axial opening of the guide sleeve, the first axial opening of the anvil member having a smaller inner diameter than the second axial opening of the guide sleeve; and
a first radial opening extending through a sidewall of the anvil member, a second radial opening extending through a sidewall of the guide sleeve, the first and second radial openings being aligned with each other to provide access to the first and second axial openings through the respective sidewalls of the anvil member and the guide sleeve.