SINGLET OXYGEN GENERATING DEVICE FOR SELECTIVE DESTRUCTION OF PATHOGENS
A device for generating singlet oxygen is provided. The device has a sensitizer that converts triplet oxygen to singlet oxygen upon exposure to light. The device is configured to keep the sensitizer from contacting external fluids.
1 . A singlet oxygen generating (SOG) system comprising:
an elongated plenum with a longitudinal axis;
a fluid inlet at a proximal end of the elongated plenum;
a fluid outlet at a distal end of the elongated plenum;
a plurality of elongated fins within the elongated plenum that extend along the longitudinal axis, the elongated fins comprising a superhydrophobic membrane having a hydrophobic sensitizer that converts triplet oxygen to singlet oxygen upon exposure to light, the superhydrophobic membrane having a surface with a water contact angle of at least 140°;
a light source configured to illuminate the hydrophobic sensitizer; and
a thermally conductive substrate in direct contact with the light source configured to conduct heat away from the light source.
2 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the light source is disposed outside the elongated plenum and the elongated plenum comprises an optically transparent window configured to permit light from the light source to enter the elongated plenum.
3 . The system as recited in claim 2 , wherein the system further comprises a second light source that is disposed outside the elongated plenum and the elongated plenum comprises a second optically transparent window configured to permit light from the second light source to enter the elongated plenum.
4 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the light source is disposed inside of the plenum.
5 . The system as recited in claim 4 , wherein the light source is inside of an interior optically transparent window which keeps the light source fluidly isolated from the plenum.
6 . The system as recited in claim 2 , wherein the system further comprises a second light source that is disposed inside of the plenum.
7 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic membrane is a polymer selected from a group consisting of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), a polyolefin, a polyethylene, polypropylene, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a crystalline polymer and a nylon.
8 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic sensitizer absorbs light at a wavelength and the superhydrophobic membrane has a grain size not greater than one-fourth the wavelength such that the superhydrophobic membrane is at least 80% transmissive of the wavelength.
9 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic membrane is at least 80% transmissive of the wavelength.
10 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of elongated fins includes a central fin disposed central in the elongated plenum and an outer fin disposed proximate the light source, the central fin receiving at least half light intensity as the outer fin.
11 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic membrane has pores with a diameter between 20 μm and 5000 μm.
12 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic membrane has filaments with a diameter between 20 μm and 30 μm.
13 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of elongated fins comprise a first fin and a second fin that are adjacent one another and separated by a gap between 0.001 mm and 3.0 mm.
14 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic sensitizer is zinc hexadecafluorophthalocyanine (ZnF 16 Pc).
15 . The system as recited in claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic sensitizer is disposed on the superhydrophobic membrane at a thickness between 2 nm and 100 nm.
16 . The system as recited in claim 1 , where each fin in the plurality of elongated fins consists of the superhydrophobic membrane and the hydrophobic sensitizer.
17 . The system as recited in claim 16 , wherein each fin the plurality of elongated fins has a thickness between 20 μm and 2000 μm.
18 . A water treatment system comprising the singlet oxygen generating (SOG) system as recited in claim 1 .
19 . A singlet oxygen generating (SOG) system comprising:
an elongated plenum with a longitudinal axis;
a fluid inlet at a proximal end of the elongated plenum;
a fluid outlet at a distal end of the elongated plenum;
a plurality of elongated fins within the elongated plenum that extend normal to an edge wall of the elongated plenum by an angle (θ) that is 90°±45°, wherein the edge wall extends parallel to the longitudinal axis, the elongated fins comprising a superhydrophobic membrane having a hydrophobic sensitizer that converts triplet oxygen to singlet oxygen upon exposure to light, the superhydrophobic membrane having a surface with a water contact angle of at least 140°;
a light source configured to illuminate the hydrophobic sensitizer; and
a thermally conductive substrate in direct contact with the light source configured to conduct heat away from the light source.
20 . The system as recited in claim 19 , wherein the angle (θ) is 90°±15°.