Downhole component having a variable bending stiffness
An embodiment of a coupling device is configured to be disposed in a borehole string in a borehole in a subterranean region. The coupling device includes a coupler body having a longitudinal axis, the coupler body including an elongated shaft extending along the longitudinal axis and configured to carry loads through the coupling device, a stiffness control device connected to the elongated shaft, the stiffness control device configured to adjust a bending stiffness of the coupler body, and an actuator configured to cause the stiffness control device to adjust the bending stiffness of the coupler body.
1. A coupling device configured to be disposed in a borehole string in a borehole in a subterranean region, comprising:
a coupler body having a longitudinal axis, the coupler body including an elongated shaft extending along the longitudinal axis and configured to carry loads through the coupling device;
a stiffness control device connected to the elongated shaft, the stiffness control device configured to adjust a bending stiffness of the coupler body; and
an actuator configured to cause the stiffness control device to adjust the bending stiffness of the coupler body, wherein:
the actuator is configured to react to a change of a force that acts on the coupling device, the force being at least one of a gravitational force due to a change of an inclination of the coupler body and a change of a centrifugal force due to a change of a rotational speed of the coupler body; or
the stiffness control device is a hydraulic device that includes two or more hydraulic chambers in fluid communication via a hydraulic flow line, and the actuator is configured to control the stiffness control device by actuating a flow control device to change a size of a restriction in the hydraulic flow line.
2. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to react to both the change of the gravitational force due to the change of the inclination of the coupler body and the change of the centrifugal force due to the change of the rotational speed of the coupler body.
3. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic device includes one or more movable pistons in at least one of the hydraulic chambers, the at least one of the hydraulic chambers shaped to maintain a fluid tight seal between the one or more movable pistons and the at least one of the hydraulic chambers.
4. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to control the stiffness control device by actuating the flow control device in response to the force that acts on the coupling device to change the size of the restriction in the hydraulic flow line.
5. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the actuator includes a centrifugal governor operably connected to the stiffness control device.
6. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to adjust the bending stiffness of the coupler body in a gradual manner.
7. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the actuator includes a mass configured to move in response to the gravitational force on the mass.
8. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the coupler body includes a sleeve that surrounds at least a portion of the elongated shaft, and the stiffness control device is configured to adjust the bending stiffness of the coupler body by controlling an extent of a deflection of the elongated shaft relative to the sleeve.
9. The coupling device of claim 8 , wherein the elongated shaft has a first end that is fixedly attached to or integral with the sleeve, and a second end that contacts the stiffness control device.
10. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the two or more hydraulic chambers comprise three or more hydraulic chambers that are connected by a manifold valve.
11. The coupling device of claim 1 , wherein the actuator is configured to transition the flow control device between a first state and a second state, wherein the coupler body has a first level of bending stiffness when the flow control device is in the first state, and the coupler body has a second level of bending stiffness when the flow control device is in the second state, wherein the first level of bending stiffness is less than the second level of bending stiffness, and wherein the restriction is more open in the first state than in the second state.
12. The coupling device of claim 11 , wherein the actuator is configured to put the flow control device into a third state, and wherein the restriction is partially open and the coupler body has a third level of bending stiffness that is greater than the first level of bending stiffness and less than the second level of bending stiffness.
13. The coupling device of claim 8 , wherein the stiffness control device is a first stiffness control device that controls the extent of the deflection at a first axial position of the sleeve and further comprising a second stiffness control device that controls the extent of the deflection at a second axial position of the sleeve.
14. A method to adjust a bending stiffness of a coupler disposed in a borehole, the method comprising:
deploying a borehole string in the borehole in a subterranean region, the borehole string including the coupler, the coupler having a longitudinal axis, the coupler including an elongated shaft extending along the longitudinal axis and configured to carry loads through the coupler, wherein a stiffness control device is connected to the elongated shaft, and an actuator is configured to cause the stiffness control device to adjust the bending stiffness of the coupler body, wherein:
the actuator is configured to react to a change of a force that acts on the coupler, the force being at least one of a gravitational force due to a change of an inclination of the coupler body and a change of a centrifugal force due to a change of a rotational speed of the coupler body; or
the stiffness control device is a hydraulic device that includes two or more hydraulic chambers in fluid communication via a hydraulic flow line, and the actuator is configured to control the stiffness control device by actuating a flow control device to change a size of a restriction in the hydraulic flow line;
controlling at least one of the inclination of the coupler and the rotational speed of the coupler; and
causing the stiffness control device to adjust the bending stiffness of the coupler in response to the controlling.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein controlling the rotational speed of the coupler includes at least one of: increasing the rotational speed of the coupler to increase the bending stiffness of the coupler, and decreasing the rotational speed of the coupler to decrease the bending stiffness of the coupler.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein controlling the inclination of the coupler includes transitioning an orientation of the coupler from a first inclination of the coupler to a second inclination of the coupler, the transitioning causing the stiffness control device to increase the bending stiffness of the coupler from a first bending stiffness to a second bending stiffness that is greater than the first bending stiffness.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the actuator is configured to control the stiffness control device by actuating the flow control device in response to the force that acts on the coupler to change the size of the restriction in the hydraulic flow line.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the flow control device is transitioned between a first state and a second state by the actuator, wherein the coupler has a first level of bending stiffness when the flow control device is in the first state, and the coupler has a second level of bending stiffness when the flow control device is in the second state, the first level of bending stiffness being less than the second level of bending stiffness, and the restriction being more open in the first state than in the second state.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the actuating the flow control device includes putting the flow control device into a third state by the actuator, wherein the restriction is more open in the second state and less open than in the first state and the coupler has a third level of bending stiffness that is greater than the first level of bending stiffness and less than the second level of bending stiffness.
20. The method of claim 14 , further comprising measuring a vibration level of the borehole string, wherein controlling the at least one of the inclination of the coupler and the rotational speed of the coupler is in response to the measured vibration level.