Fluid immersion cooling system with multiple layers of coolant fluids and method of using same
A fluid immersion cooling system includes a fluid tank that contains a layer of a dual-phase coolant fluid and one or more layers of single-phase coolant fluids. The dual-phase and single-phase coolant fluids are immiscible, with the dual-phase coolant fluid having a lower boiling point and higher density than a single-phase coolant fluid. A substrate of an electronic system is submerged in the tank such that high heat-generating components are immersed at least in the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid. Heat from the components is dissipated to the dual-phase coolant fluid to generate vapor bubbles of the dual-phase coolant fluid. The vapor bubbles rise to a layer of a single-phase coolant fluid that is above the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid. The vapor bubbles condense to droplets of the dual-phase coolant fluid. The droplets fall down into the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid.
1. A fluid immersion cooling system comprising:
a fluid tank containing a component of an electronic system;
a layer of a dual-phase coolant fluid in the fluid tank, the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid is in liquid state, the component of the electronic system is immersed at least in the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid; and
a layer of a single-phase coolant fluid that is over the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid in the fluid tank, the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid is in liquid state, the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid and the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid are immiscible, a liquid density of the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid is higher than a liquid density of the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid, and a boiling point of the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid is lower than a boiling point of the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid.
2. The fluid immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid comprises a dielectric oil.
3. The fluid immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid comprises a fluorochemical.
4. The fluid immersion cooling system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a cooler unit that is coupled to an outlet and an inlet of the fluid tank.
5. The fluid immersion cooling system of claim 4 , wherein the cooler unit comprises:
a pump; and
a heat exchanger.
6. The fluid immersion cooling system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a condenser that is disposed above the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid.
7. The fluid immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the component of the electronic system is a central processing unit (CPU).
8. The fluid immersion cooling system of claim 1 , wherein the tank is an open container.
9. A method of cooling an electronic system, the method comprising:
submerging a component of an electronic system in a layer of a dual-phase coolant fluid that is in liquid state in a fluid tank;
dissipating heat from the component of the electronic system to the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid to generate vapor bubbles of the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid; and
condensing the vapor bubbles of the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid in a layer of a single-phase coolant fluid in the fluid tank, the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid is over the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid in the fluid tank, the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid is in liquid state,
wherein the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid and the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid are immiscible, a liquid density of the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid is higher than a liquid density of the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid, and a boiling point of the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid is lower than a boiling point of the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising:
collecting and condensing, in a condenser unit, vapor bubbles of the dual-phase coolant fluid that have not been contained in the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid, the condenser unit is disposed above the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the layer of the dual-phase coolant fluid comprises a fluorochemical.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the layer of the single-phase coolant fluid comprises a dielectric oil.