Arrangement comprising energy storage units and a related method
An arrangement is disclosed, comprising a series connection of a plurality of energy storage units, a plurality of bypass circuits, each bypass circuit being configured to bypass a respective one of the energy storage units in the series connection, and a plurality of control modules, wherein each control module corresponds to a respective one of the bypass circuits. Each control module is configured to control operation of the corresponding bypass circuit and at least one other bypass circuit of the plurality of bypass circuits to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage units in the series connection in such a way that operation of each bypass circuit of the plurality of bypass circuits to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection is controllable by means of at least two of the control modules. A related method is also disclosed.
1. An arrangement comprising:
a series connection of a plurality of energy storage units;
a plurality of bypass circuits, each bypass circuit being configured to bypass a respective one of the energy storage units in the series connection; and
a plurality of control modules, wherein each control module corresponds to a respective one of the bypass circuits;
wherein each control module is configured to control operation of the corresponding bypass circuit and at least one other bypass circuit of the plurality of bypass circuits to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage units in the series connection in such a way that operation of each bypass circuit of the plurality of bypass circuits to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection is
controllable by means of at least two of the control modules.
2. An arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein each control module is configured to control operation of the corresponding bypass circuit to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection on a condition that there is a fault in the energy storage unit.
3. An arrangement according to claim 2 , wherein, if there is a fault in the control
module and there is not a fault in at least one of the other control module(s) also capable of controlling operation of the bypass circuit to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection, the at least one other control module is configured to control operation of the bypass circuit to selectively bypass the energy storage unit in the series connection.
4. An arrangement according to claim 1 , further comprising at least
one fault sensor configured to sense whether there is a fault in any one of the energy storage units and/or in any one of the control modules.
5. An arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein each control module comprises
at least a control unit ( 6 ) and a switching device ( 7 ), wherein for each control module:
the control unit of the control module is configured to control operation of the bypass circuit corresponding to the control module to selectively bypass the energy storage unit corresponding to the bypass circuit in the series connection by means of transmitting at least one control signal to the bypass circuit;
the switching device of the control module is configured to selectively
convey any control signal, from a control unit of at least one of the other control module(s) also capable of controlling operation of said bypass circuit to selectively bypass the energy storage unit corresponding to said bypass circuit in the series connection, to said bypass circuit to control operation thereof to selectively bypass the energy storage unit corresponding to said bypass circuit in the series connection.
6. An arrangement according to claim 5 , wherein for each control module:
the control unit of the control module is configured to control operation of the bypass circuit corresponding to the control module to selectively bypass the energy storage unit corresponding to the bypass circuit in the series connection by means of transmitting at least one control signal to the bypass circuit on a condition that there is a fault in the energy storage unit.
7. An arrangement according to claim 6 , wherein, if there is a fault in the control
unit of the control module and there is not a fault in the control unit of at least one of the other control module(s) also capable of controlling operation of the bypass circuit to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection, the control unit of the at least one other control module is configured to control operation of the bypass circuit to selectively bypass the energy storage unit in the series connection by means of transmitting at least one control signal to the bypass circuit via the switching device of the control module corresponding to said bypass circuit.
8. An arrangement according to claim 5 , wherein for each control
module, the switching device of the control module comprises or is constituted by at least one electromechanical relay and/or at least one solid-state relay.
9. An arrangement according to claim 5 , further comprising at least one fault sensor configured to sense whether there is a fault in any one of the energy storage units and/or in any one of the control units.
10. An arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the series
connection of the plurality of energy storage units form a succession of energy storage units;
wherein, for each control module:
the at least one other bypass circuit which the control module is configured to control operation of, is or are the bypass circuit(s) corresponding to energy storage unit(s) immediately preceding and/or immediately following the energy storage unit in the succession of energy storage units that is corresponding to the bypass circuit which corresponds to the control module.
11. An arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein for each energy
storage unit, the energy storage unit, the bypass circuit corresponding to said energy storage unit and the control module corresponding to said bypass circuit define an assembly ( 5 ) of the arrangement, such that the arrangement comprises a plurality of assemblies, each assembly comprising an energy storage unit, a bypass circuit and a control module, wherein each assembly has a potential in relation to a reference potential;
wherein for each bypass circuit, all of the assemblies having a control module capable of controlling operation of the bypass circuit to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection have the same reference potential.
12. An arrangement according to claim 11 , further comprising a plurality of
auxiliary power supplies, each auxiliary power supply being connected to at least one of the assemblies for selectively supplying power to the energy storage unit(s) of the at least one of the assemblies, wherein for each bypass circuit, all of said assemblies having a control module capable of controlling operation of the bypass circuit to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection and have the same reference potential are connected to the same auxiliary power supply.
13. An arrangement according to claim 11 , further comprising a plurality of
auxiliary power supplies, each auxiliary power supply being connected to a respective one of the assemblies.
14. A method in an arrangement comprising a series connection of a plurality of
energy storage units, a plurality of bypass circuits, each bypass circuit being configured to bypass a respective one of the energy storage units in the series connection, and a plurality of control modules, wherein each control module corresponds to a respective one of the bypass circuits, the method comprising:
each control module controlling operation of the corresponding bypass circuit and at least one other bypass circuit of the plurality of bypass circuits to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage units in the series connection in such a way that operation of each bypass circuit of the plurality of bypass circuits to selectively bypass the corresponding energy storage unit in the series connection is controllable by means of at least two of the control modules.