Multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) radar with beamforming
Disclosed are techniques for radio frequency (RF) sensing. In an aspect, a network entity (e.g., base station or road-side unit) may perform RF sensing in a first mode for sensing a horizontal angle using horizontal multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) radar with vertical beamforming, in which a two-dimensional MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of vertical columns, each column comprising a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, each column transmitting a different orthogonal signal from the other columns. The network entity may perform RF sensing in a second mode for sensing a vertical angle using vertical MIMO radar with horizontal beamforming, in which the MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of horizontal rows, each row comprising a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, each row transmitting a different orthogonal signal from the other rows.
1 . A method for radio frequency (RF) sensing performed by a network entity that controls a two-dimensional (2D) multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) antenna array having a vertical dimension and a horizontal dimension, the method comprising:
performing RF sensing in a first mode for sensing a horizontal angle using horizontal MIMO radar with vertical beamforming, in which the MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of vertical columns, each vertical column comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each vertical column is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other vertical columns; and
performing RF sensing in a second mode for sensing a vertical angle using vertical MIMO radar with horizontal beamforming, in which the MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of horizontal rows, each row comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each horizontal row is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other horizontal rows.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein performing RF sensing in the first mode comprises using a first set of radar reference signal (RS) resources and wherein performing RF sensing in the second mode comprises using a second set of radar RS resources.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein performing RF sensing in the first mode comprises using a first subset of a set of radar reference signal (RS) resources and wherein performing RF sensing in the second mode comprises using a second subset of the set of radar RS resources.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein performing RF sensing in the first mode comprises using a first set or subset of radar reference signal (RS) resources configured for measurement of horizontal angles and wherein performing RF sensing in the second mode comprises using a second set or subset of radar RS resources configured for measurement of vertical angles.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein, in the first mode, each vertical column configured to transmit as a phased array transmits a transmission (Tx) beam group with a corresponding vertical Tx spatial relationship, and wherein, in the second mode, each horizontal row configured to transmit as a phased array transmits a Tx beam group with a corresponding horizontal Tx spatial relationship.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein, in the first mode, each vertical column configured to transmit as a phased array transmits according to its respective vertical Tx beam sweeping and wherein, in the second mode, each horizontal row configured to transmit as a phased array transmits according to its respective horizontal Tx beam sweeping.
7 . The method of claim 5 , wherein transmitting a Tx beam group with a corresponding vertical or horizontal Tx spatial relationship comprises transmitting a radar RS a plurality of times according to a repetition factor.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the repetition factor for the first mode is the same as, or different from, the repetition factor for the second mode.
9 . The method of claim 5 , wherein a number of orthogonal resources within the corresponding vertical Tx spatial relationship is the same as, or different from, a number of orthogonal resources within the corresponding horizontal Tx spatial relationship.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein performing RF sensing comprises transmitting bistatic radar transmit signals, and receiving bistatic radar receive signals from a receiving entity.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the network entity comprises a base station (BS) or road-side unit (RSU).
12 . A network entity, comprising:
a two-dimensional (2D) multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) antenna array having a vertical dimension and a horizontal dimension;
at least one transceiver coupled to the 2D MIMO antenna array;
a memory; and
at least one processor communicatively coupled to the memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor configured to:
perform RF sensing in a first mode for sensing a horizontal angle using horizontal MIMO radar with vertical beamforming, in which the MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of vertical columns, each vertical column comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each vertical column is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other vertical columns; and
perform RF sensing in a second mode for sensing a vertical angle using vertical MIMO radar with horizontal beamforming, in which the MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of horizontal rows, each row comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each horizontal row is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other horizontal rows.
13 . The network entity of claim 12 , wherein, to perform RF sensing in the first mode, the at least one processor is configured to use a first set of radar reference signal (RS) resources and wherein, to perform RF sensing in the second mode, the at least one processor is configured to use a second set of radar RS resources.
14 . The network entity of claim 12 , wherein, to perform RF sensing in the first mode, the at least one processor is configured to use a first subset of a set of radar reference signal (RS) resources and wherein, to perform RF sensing in the second mode, the at least one processor is configured to use a second subset of the set of radar RS resources.
15 . The network entity of claim 12 , wherein, to perform RF sensing in the first mode, the at least one processor is configured to use a first set or subset of radar reference signal (RS) resources configured for measurement of horizontal angles and wherein, to perform RF sensing in the second mode, the at least one processor is configured to use a second set or subset of radar RS resources configured for measurement of vertical angles.
16 . The network entity of claim 12 , wherein, in the first mode, each vertical column configured to transmit as a phased array transmits a transmission (Tx) beam group with a corresponding vertical Tx spatial relationship, and wherein, in the second mode, each horizontal row configured to transmit as a phased array transmits a Tx beam group with a corresponding horizontal Tx spatial relationship.
17 . The network entity of claim 16 , wherein, in the first mode, each vertical column configured to transmit as a phased array transmits according to its respective vertical Tx beam sweeping and wherein, in the second mode, each horizontal row configured to transmit as a phased array transmits according to its respective horizontal Tx beam sweeping.
18 . The network entity of claim 16 , wherein, to transmit a Tx beam group with a corresponding vertical or horizontal Tx spatial relationship, the at least one processor is configured to transmit a radar RS a plurality of times according to a repetition factor.
19 . The network entity of claim 18 , wherein the repetition factor for the first mode is the same as, or different from, the repetition factor for the second mode.
20 . The network entity of claim 16 , wherein a number of orthogonal resources within the corresponding vertical Tx spatial relationship is the same as, or different from, a number of orthogonal resources within the corresponding horizontal Tx spatial relationship.
21 . The network entity of claim 12 , wherein, to perform RF sensing, the at least one processor is configured to transmit bistatic radar transmit signals and to receive bistatic radar receive signals from a receiving entity.
22 . The network entity of claim 12 , comprising a base station (BS) or road-side unit (RSU).
23 . A network entity, comprising:
means for performing radio frequency (RF) sensing in a first mode for sensing a horizontal angle using horizontal multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) radar with vertical beamforming, in which a two-dimensional (2D) MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of vertical columns, each vertical column comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each vertical column is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other vertical columns; and
means for performing RF sensing in a second mode for sensing a vertical angle using vertical MIMO radar with horizontal beamforming, in which the MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of horizontal rows, each row comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each horizontal row is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other horizontal rows.
24 . The network entity of claim 23 , wherein means for performing RF sensing in the first mode comprises means for using a first set of radar reference signal (RS) resources and wherein means for performing RF sensing in the second mode comprises means for using a second set of radar RS resources.
25 . The network entity of claim 23 , wherein means for performing RF sensing in the first mode comprises means for using a first subset of a set of radar reference signal (RS) resources and wherein means for performing RF sensing in the second mode comprises means for using a second subset of the set of radar RS resources.
26 . The network entity of claim 23 , wherein means for performing RF sensing in the first mode comprises means for using a first set or subset of radar reference signal (RS) resources configured for measurement of horizontal angles and wherein means for performing RF sensing in the second mode comprises means for using a second set or subset of radar RS resources configured for measurement of vertical angles.
27 . The network entity of claim 23 , wherein, in the first mode, each vertical column configured to transmit as a phased array transmits a transmission (Tx) beam group with a corresponding vertical Tx spatial relationship, and wherein, in the second mode, each horizontal row configured to transmit as a phased array transmits a Tx beam group with a corresponding horizontal Tx spatial relationship.
28 . The network entity of claim 23 , wherein the means for performing RF sensing comprises means for transmitting bistatic radar transmit signals, and receiving bistatic radar receive signals from a receiving entity.
29 . The network entity of claim 23 , wherein the network entity comprises a base station (BS) or road-side unit (RSU).
30 . A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a network entity, cause the network entity to:
perform radio frequency (RF) sensing in a first mode for sensing a horizontal angle using horizontal multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) radar with vertical beamforming, in which a two-dimensional (2D) MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of vertical columns, each vertical column comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each vertical column is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other vertical columns; and
perform RF sensing in a second mode for sensing a vertical angle using vertical MIMO radar with horizontal beamforming, in which the MIMO antenna array is configured into a plurality of horizontal rows, each row comprises a plurality of antenna elements configured to transmit as a phased array, and each horizontal row is configured to transmit a different orthogonal signal from the other horizontal rows.