MRI radio-frequency heating amelioration for metallic braided catheters
An embodiment in accordance with the present invention provides a catheter solution that would maintain MRI-compatible metallic braiding or metallic covering on a surface of the catheter, and that also prevents cables disposed in an interior lumen of the catheter from effectively propagating currents induced from external signal transmissions, which could cause a rise in temperature of the cables themselves and of tissues surrounding the catheter. The present invention uses metals which are non-ferromagnetic and not highly paramagnetic, so they do not cause large susceptibility artifacts in the MRI field. The construction of the braid prevents most of the RF fields from penetrating into the anterior of the catheter. Therefore, there is no need or a reduced need to add heat amelioration components to each electrical cable inside the catheter.
1 . A catheter compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) comprising:
a metallic backbone wherein the metallic backbone comprises a metallic braided catheter; and
a miniature floating resonant radiofrequency trap (MBalun), wherein the MBalun comprises an inner conductor surrounding the metallic backbone, a dielectric layer, a coil wrapping surrounding the dielectric layer, and a short.
2 . The catheter of claim 1 wherein:
the inner conductor comprises an electrically conducting tube or braided cable;
the dielectric layer further comprises an insulating dielectric layer configured to overlay the inner conductor of the MBalun;
the MBalun comprises a leaky solenoid comprises a large (>1) pitch solenoid comprising multiple conductive wire windings configured to overlay the insulating dielectric layer, wherein the solenoid forms an outer conductor of the MBalun;
the MBalun comprises a tuning capacitor;
wherein the solenoid is connected to one side of the tuning capacitor at an end of the solenoid;
wherein the tuning capacitor is then connected at its second end to the inner conductor, and
wherein the tuning capacitor is used to resonate the MBalun to a desired resonance frequency.
3 . The catheter of claim 2 further comprising the metallic backbone and the MBalun having a pattern length of one quarter of a wavelength.
4 . The catheter of claim 2 further comprising a segment of metallic backbone being alternated with a segment of MBalun.
5 . The catheter of claim 2 further comprising the MBalun being placed around an outside surface of the metallic backbone at predetermined intervals.
6 . The catheter of claim 5 further comprising a copper shield disposed within an inner lumen of the metallic backbone.
7 . The catheter of claim 2 wherein a conductive continuity of the metallic backbone is broken in order to create the short.
8 . The catheter of claim 7 further comprising the short being directed to the copper shield.
9 . The catheter of claim 2 wherein the MBalun is formed from copper.
10 . The catheter of claim 1 wherein the MBalun is configured to remove electromagnetic currents that have been induced on the metallic backbone from Radio-Frequency (RF) transmitters within the MRI scanner.
11 . The catheter of claim 1 wherein the MBalun is configured to remove electromagnetic currents that have been induced on wires that are within the metallic backbone, wherein the wires within the metallic backbone can take the form of one selected from a group consisting of single wires, coaxial cables, and twisted pair cables from RF transmitters within the MRI scanner.
12 . The catheter of claim 1 wherein the MBalun is configured to remove electromagnetic currents that have been induced on wires that are within the metallic backbone wherein the wires within the metallic backbone can take the form of one selected from a group consisting of single wires, coaxial cables, and twisted pair cables from Radio-Frequency transmitters within the MRI scanner.
13 . A device compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) comprising:
a conductive metallic backbone wherein the conductive metallic backbone comprises a single filament; and
a miniature floating resonant radiofrequency trap (MBalun) disposed along a length of the conductive metallic backbone, wherein the MBalun comprises an inner conductor surrounding the metallic backbone, a dielectric layer, a leaky solenoid surrounding the dielectric layer, a short, and a tuning capacitor, wherein the tuning capacitor is configured to resonate with an inductance of the MBalun at a required frequency such that the tuning capacitor removes predetermined signals.
14 . The device of claim 13 further comprising the conductive metallic backbone and the MBalun having a pattern length of one quarter of a wavelength.
15 . The device of claim 13 further comprising a segment of the conductive metallic backbone being alternated with a segment of MBalun.
16 . The device of claim 13 further comprising the MBalun being placed around an outside surface of the conductive metallic backbone at predetermined intervals.
17 . The device of claim 13 wherein conductive continuity of the conductive metallic backbone is broken in order to create a short.
18 . The device of claim 17 further comprising the short being directed to the inner conductor.
19 . The device of claim 13 wherein the MBalun is formed from copper.
20 . The device of claim 13 wherein the MBalun is configured to remove electromagnetic currents that have been induced on the conductive metallic backbone from Radio-Frequency transmitters within the MRI scanner.