Space transformers configured to be utilized in a probe system, probe systems that include the space transformers, and related methods
Space transformers configured to be utilized in a probe system to facilitate electrical communication with a device under test (DUT), probe systems that include the space transformers, and related methods are disclosed herein. The space transformers include a dielectric body, a plurality of first electrical contacts supported by the dielectric body, and a plurality of second electrical contacts supported by the dielectric body. The space transformers also include an electrically conductive radio frequency (RF) signal-modifying trace. The space transformers further include an RF electrical signal-modifying structure in electrical communication with the electrically conductive RF signal-modifying trace. The RF electrical signal-modifying structure is configured to receive the RF electrical signal from an input region of the electrically conductive RF signal-modifying trace and to discharge a modified RF electrical signal to an output region of the electrically conductive RF signal-modifying trace. The RF electrical signal-modifying structure includes a coupler.
1. A space transformer configured to be utilized in a probe system to facilitate electrical communication with a device under test (DUT), the space transformer comprising:
a dielectric body;
a plurality of first electrical contacts supported by the dielectric body and arranged with at least one first pitch spacing;
a plurality of second electrical contacts supported by the dielectric body and arranged with at least one second pitch spacing that is less than the at least one first pitch spacing;
a plurality of electrically conductive signal-transfer traces supported by the dielectric body, wherein each electrically conductive signal-transfer trace of the plurality of electrically conductive signal-transfer traces extends between, and electrically interconnects, a corresponding first electrical contact of the plurality of first electrical contacts and a corresponding second electrical contact of the plurality of second electrical contacts;
an electrically conductive radio frequency (RF) signal-modifying trace in electrical communication with an RF signal-modifying second electrical contact of the plurality of second electrical contacts and configured to convey an RF electrical signal in electrical communication with the DUT; and
an RF electrical signal-modifying structure in electrical communication with the electrically conductive RF signal-modifying trace and configured to receive the RF electrical signal from an input region of the electrically conductive RF signal-modifying trace and to discharge a modified RF electrical signal to an output region of the electrically conductive RF signal-modifying trace, wherein the RF electrical signal-modifying structure includes a coupler configured to receive the RF electrical signal, in the form of a first RF electrical signal, from the DUT, to receive a second RF electrical signal from the DUT, and to couple the first RF electrical signal and the second RF electrical signal to one another to generate the modified RF electrical signal, in the form of a first modified RF electrical signal, and also to generate a second modified RF electrical signal.
2. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the space transformer is configured such that the RF electrical signal-modifying structure receives the first RF electrical signal from the DUT via a corresponding RF signal-receiving second electrical contact of the plurality of second electrical contacts and receives the second RF electrical signal from the DUT via another corresponding RF signal-receiving second electrical contact of the plurality of second electrical contacts.
3. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the space transformer is configured to return the first modified RF electrical signal and the second modified RF electrical signal to corresponding DUT contact pads of the DUT.
4. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the space transformer is configured such that the RF electrical signal-modifying structure returns the first modified RF electrical signal to the DUT via a corresponding RF signal-discharging second electrical contact of the plurality of second electrical contacts and returns the second modified RF electrical signal to the DUT via another corresponding RF signal-discharging second electrical contact of the plurality of second electrical contacts.
5. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the coupler is configured to couple the first RF electrical signal and the second RF electrical signal to one another via at least one of:
(i) a capacitive interaction between the first RF electrical signal and the second RF electrical signal;
(ii) an inductive interaction between the first RF electrical signal and the second RF electrical signal; and
(iii) an electric field interaction between the first RF electrical signal and the second RF electrical signal.
6. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the coupler includes a first transmission line, which is configured to convey the first RF electrical signal, and a second transmission line, which is configured to convey the second RF electrical signal, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line are positioned relatively proximate one another to facilitate coupling between the first RF electrical signal and the second RF electrical signal.
7. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the coupler includes a directional coupler.
8. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the coupler includes a branchline coupler.
9. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the coupler includes a quadrature hybrid coupler.
10. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the coupler includes a passive coupler.
11. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric body is a rigid dielectric body.
12. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the dielectric body is a dielectric membrane.
13. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of first electrical contacts includes a plurality of first electrical contact pads.
14. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of first electrical contacts includes a plurality of first electrical contact tips.
15. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of second electrical contacts includes a plurality of second electrical contact pads.
16. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of second electrical contacts includes a plurality of probe tips.
17. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of second electrical contacts is configured to directly contact the DUT to facilitate electrical communication between the probe system and the DUT.
18. The space transformer of claim 1 , wherein the space transformer includes a plurality of electrically conductive RF signal-modifying traces and a corresponding plurality of RF electrical signal-modifying structures.
19. A probe system configured to test a device under test (DUT), the probe system comprising:
a chuck that defines a support surface configured to support a substrate that includes the DUT;
a probe head assembly that includes the space transformer of claim 1 ; and
a signal generation and analysis assembly configured to at least one of:
(i) provide a test signal to the DUT via the space transformer; and
(ii) receive a resultant signal from the DUT via the space transformer.
20. The probe system of claim 19 , wherein the probe head assembly includes a plurality of probes configured to electrically contact corresponding DUT contact pads of the DUT, wherein the plurality of probes at least one of:
(i) is defined by the plurality of second electrical contacts; and
(ii) is configured to electrically connect a corresponding second electrical contact of the plurality of second electrical contacts with the corresponding DUT contact pad.
21. A method of testing a device under test (DUT) utilizing a probe system that includes a space transformer, the method comprising:
providing an electric power signal to the DUT via the space transformer;
responsive to the providing and with the space transformer, receiving a radio frequency (RF) electrical signal from the DUT; and
modifying the RF electrical signal, within the space transformer and utilizing an RF electrical signal-modifying structure of the space transformer, to generate a modified RF electrical signal, wherein the method further includes returning the modified RF electrical signal to the DUT via the space transformer;
wherein the RF electrical signal is a first RF electrical signal, wherein the modified RF electrical signal is a first modified RF electrical signal, wherein the receiving includes receiving a second RF electrical signal from the DUT, and further wherein the modifying includes modifying the second RF electrical signal, within the space transformer and utilizing the RF electrical signal-modifying structure, to generate a second modified RF electrical signal;
wherein the modifying includes coupling the first RF electrical signal and the second RF electrical signal to one another to generate the first modified RF electrical signal and the second modified RF electrical signal.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the returning includes returning the second modified RF electrical signal to the DUT via the space transformer.