CONDUCTIVE SUBSTRATE FOR A WORKING ELECTRODE FOR A BIOLOGICAL SENSOR
A conductive substrate for a working electrode for a biological sensor includes a plastic substrate comprising an organic polymer or a thermoplastic. A carbon compound is on the plastic substrate. The carbon compound includes an elastomeric material and a carbon material from an aqueous solution. The carbon compound includes at least two materials from a group of carbon black, graphene, pyrolytic carbon, pyrolytic graphite, and diamagnetic graphite. The conductive substrate receives and transfers free electrons generated by an enzyme in the working electrode.
1 . A conductive substrate for a working electrode for a biological sensor, comprising:
a plastic substrate comprising an organic polymer or a thermoplastic; and
a carbon compound on the plastic substrate, the carbon compound comprising an elastomeric material and a carbon material, wherein the carbon compound contains at least two materials from a group of carbon black, graphene, pyrolytic carbon, pyrolytic graphite, and diamagnetic graphite;
wherein the conductive substrate is configured to receive and transfer free electrons generated by an enzyme in the working electrode.
2 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the plastic substrate is an elongated plastic wire.
3 . The conductive substrate according to claim 2 , wherein the plastic wire comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, or polylactic acid.
4 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the elastomeric material comprises a polyurethane, silicone, acrylate or acrylic.
5 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon material comprises carbon paste or carbon ink.
6 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound further comprises a hydrogen peroxide catalyst.
7 . The conductive substrate according to claim 6 , wherein the hydrogen peroxide catalyst is phthalocyanine or Prussian blue.
8 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound further contains the enzyme, a sensing molecule or a catalyst.
9 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the enzyme is glucose oxidase.
10 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound further comprises a metal oxide.
11 . The conductive substrate according to claim 10 , wherein the metal oxide is an oxide of nickel, copper, rhodium or iridium.
12 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound has a resistivity of less than 1 Ohms/mm 2 .
13 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound comprises at least 40% polyurethane, at least 40% acrylic polyol, and 0.1% to 0.5% of the pyrolytic carbon.
14 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound comprises at least 40% polyurethane, at least 40% acrylic polyol, and 0.1% to 0.5% of the pyrolytic graphite.
15 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound comprises at least 40% polyurethane, at least 40% acrylic polyol, and 0.1% to 0.5% of the diamagnetic graphite.
16 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound comprises 0.1% to 0.5% pyrolytic carbon.
17 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound comprises 0.1% to 0.5% pyrolytic graphite.
18 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound comprises 0.1% to 0.5% graphene.
19 . The conductive substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon compound has a resistivity of less than 5 Ohms/mm 2 .