COMPOSITIONS FOR EVENING SKIN TONE AND USES THEREOF
Disclosed herein are compositions for evening skin tone comprising at least one tyrosine formation inhibitor, at least one tyrosinase inhibitor, and at least one agent that reduces melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes, wherein the composition does not comprise hydroquinone. Disclosed uses of the compositions include methods for persistently evening skin tone.
1 . A composition for evening skin tone comprising:
at least one tyrosine formation inhibitor,
at least one tyrosinase inhibitor, and
at least one agent that reduces melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes, wherein the composition does not comprise hydroquinone.
2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the at least one tyrosine formation inhibitor, the at least one tyrosinase inhibitor, and the at least one agent that reduces melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes in an amount sufficient to reduce number, size, and/or intensity of dark spots.
3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one tyrosine formation inhibitor comprises kojic acid or an ester thereof,
the at least one tyrosinase inhibitor comprises tranexamic acid, an ester of tranexamic acid, licorice root extract, hexyl resorcinol, or a combination thereof, and
the at least one agent that reduces melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes comprises niacinamide.
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one tyrosine formation inhibitor comprises kojic dipalmitate.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one tyrosinase inhibitor comprises tranexamic acid or cetyl tranexamate mesylate, licorice root extract, hexyl resorcinol, or a combination thereof.
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one tyrosinase inhibitor comprises a combination of tranexamic acid or cetyl tranexamate mesylate, licorice root extract, and hexyl resorcinol.
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one agent that reduces melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes comprises niacinamide.
8 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises kojic acid or an ester of kojic acid, tranexamic acid or an ester of tranexamic acid, licorice root extract, hexyl resorcinol, and niacinamide.
9 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises kojic dipalmitate, tranexamic acid or cetyl tranexamate mesylate, licorice root extract, hexyl resorcinol, and niacinamide.
10 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one tyrosine formation inhibitor comprises kojic acid or an ester thereof.
11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:
from 0.2 wt. % to 2.0 wt. % kojic dipalmitate,
from 1.0 wt. % to 10.0 wt. % tranexamic acid or an ester of tranexamic acid,
from 0.001 wt. % to 0.05 wt. % licorice root extract,
from 0.10 wt. % to 1.0 wt. % hexyl resorcinol, and
from 2.5 wt. % to 7.5 wt. % niacinamide.
12 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises about 1.0 wt. % kojic dipalmitate, about 5.0 wt. % tranexamic acid, about 0.01 wt. % licorice root extract, about 0.40 wt. % hexyl resorcinol, and about 5.0 wt. % niacinamide.
13 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises about 1.0 wt. % kojic dipalmitate, about 3.0 wt. % cetyl tranexamate mesylate, about 0.01 wt. % licorice root extract, about 0.40 wt. % hexyl resorcinol, and about 6.35 wt. % niacinamide.
14 . A method for evening skin tone comprising applying the composition of claim 1 to the skin.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the composition is applied to the skin in an amount sufficient to reduce number, size, and/or intensity of dark spots.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the reduction of dark spots is at least as effective as treatment with a hydroquinone-containing composition.
17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the composition is applied at a frequency and duration sufficient for an even skin tone to persistent for at least 30 minutes, at least 1 hour, at least 2 hours, at least 4 hours, at least 12 hours, or at least 1 day after removing the composition from the skin.
18 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the composition is applied at a frequency and duration sufficient for an even skin tone to persistent for at least 1, at least 2 days, at least 1 week, at least 2 weeks, or at least one month after application of the composition is ceased.
19 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the composition is applied to the skin for once or twice a day.
20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the composition is applied to the skin each day for at least 1 day, at least 2 days, at least 1 week, at least 2 weeks, or at least 1 month.